Bio Test 2 (Part 2)

2.

Plant cells are capable of

Photosynthesis.
ATP production.
Glucose breakdown.
Aerobic respiration.
All of these.

Correct Answer

A. All of these.

Explanation

Plant cells are capable of all of these processes. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen. ATP production is the process by which plants generate energy to carry out various cellular activities. Glucose breakdown is the process by which plants break down glucose to release energy. Aerobic respiration is the process by which plants use oxygen to convert glucose into carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy in the process. Therefore, plant cells are capable of all of these processes.

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3.

ATP

Can be produced by photosynthesis.
Is produced in the degradation of organic compounds such as glucose.
Is generated in anaerobic respiration.
Is formed in aerobic respiration.
All of these.

Correct Answer

A. All of these.

Explanation

ATP can be produced by photosynthesis, which is the process by which plants convert sunlight into chemical energy. It is also produced in the degradation of organic compounds such as glucose, which occurs during cellular respiration. ATP is generated in anaerobic respiration, which is a type of respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen. Finally, ATP is formed in aerobic respiration, which is a type of respiration that occurs in the presence of oxygen. Therefore, all of these processes contribute to the production of ATP.

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4.

Cellular respiration

Evolved to enable living organisms to utilize energy stored in glucose.
Occurs only in animal cells because plants carry on photosynthesis.
Utilizes fat as its primary energy source.
Occurs at the same rate throughout all cells of the body.
Is the only cellular mechanism that yields ATP.

Correct Answer

A. Evolved to enable living organisms to utilize energy stored in glucose.

Explanation

Cellular respiration is a process that evolved in living organisms to enable them to utilize the energy stored in glucose. Glucose is broken down through a series of biochemical reactions, releasing energy in the form of ATP. This energy is essential for various cellular activities and is used by all living organisms to carry out their functions. Therefore, the evolution of cellular respiration allowed organisms to efficiently extract energy from glucose and utilize it for survival and growth.

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5.

Which of the following liberates the most energy in the form of ATP?

Aerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration
Alcoholic fermentation
Lactate fermentation
All liberate the same amount, but through different means.

Correct Answer

A. Aerobic respiration

Explanation

Aerobic respiration is the process by which cells convert glucose into ATP, the energy currency of the cell. It occurs in the presence of oxygen and is the most efficient way to produce ATP, liberating the most energy. Anaerobic respiration, alcoholic fermentation, and lactate fermentation also produce ATP, but they are less efficient and liberate less energy compared to aerobic respiration. Therefore, aerobic respiration is the process that liberates the most energy in the form of ATP.

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6.

Aerobic organisms use _____ as the final electron acceptor in aerobic cellular respiration.

Hydrogen
Carbon
Oxygen
H2O
NAD+

Correct Answer

A. Oxygen

Explanation

Aerobic organisms use oxygen as the final electron acceptor in aerobic cellular respiration. During this process, glucose is broken down in the presence of oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP. Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, which is the last step of cellular respiration. This allows for the efficient production of ATP molecules, providing energy for various cellular activities.

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7.

During the Krebs cycle,

Substrate-level phosphorylation occurs.
Oxaloacetate is regenerated.
Electrons and H+ are transferred to coenzymes NAD+ and FAD.
Molecules of carbon dioxide are formed.
All of these.

Correct Answer

A. All of these.

Explanation

During the Krebs cycle, multiple processes occur simultaneously. Substrate-level phosphorylation refers to the production of ATP by transferring a phosphate group from a substrate molecule to ADP. Oxaloacetate is constantly regenerated to ensure the continuous flow of the cycle. Electrons and H+ ions are transferred to coenzymes NAD+ and FAD, which are crucial for the electron transport chain. Lastly, carbon dioxide molecules are formed as byproducts of the cycle. Therefore, all of these processes occur during the Krebs cycle.

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8.

Which of the following would NOT be true of CAM plants?

They fix carbon only once.
They live in desert environments.
They fix carbon mostly during the day.
They open stomata only at night.
They grow slowly.

Correct Answer

A. They fix carbon only once.

Explanation

CAM plants, or Crassulacean Acid Metabolism plants, have a unique adaptation to arid environments. They fix carbon dioxide at night by opening their stomata and storing it as organic acids. During the day, when the stomata are closed to prevent water loss, they use these stored acids to perform photosynthesis. This allows them to conserve water and minimize water loss. Therefore, the statement "They fix carbon only once" is not true for CAM plants, as they fix carbon dioxide twice, once at night and once during the day.

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9.

When molecules are broken apart in respiration,

The heat produced is used to drive biological reactions.
The oxygen in the compounds that are broken apart is used as an energy source.
The energy released in respiration is channeled into molecules of ATP.
ATP is converted into ADP.
ADP is released as a waste product.

Correct Answer

A. The energy released in respiration is channeled into molecules of ATP.

Explanation

When molecules are broken apart in respiration, the energy released is channeled into molecules of ATP. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is a molecule that stores and releases energy in cells. This process allows cells to use the energy from respiration to power various biological reactions and processes.

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10.

In respiration, the greatest number of ATP molecules is produced in

Glycolysis.
Acetyl-CoA formation.
Anaerobic electron transfer.
Electron transfer phosphorylation.
The Krebs cycle.

Correct Answer

A. Electron transfer phosphorylation.

Explanation

Electron transfer phosphorylation, also known as oxidative phosphorylation, occurs in the mitochondria and is the final step in cellular respiration. It involves the transfer of electrons from electron carriers to the electron transport chain, which generates a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This proton gradient is then used by ATP synthase to produce ATP molecules. This process produces the greatest number of ATP molecules compared to other steps in respiration such as glycolysis, acetyl-CoA formation, anaerobic electron transfer, and the Krebs cycle.

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11.

Which of the following is true concerning the C4 pathway?

It produces large amounts of carbohydrates.
It feeds into the C3 pathway.
It is the mechanism of photorespiration.
It involves the activity of RuBP.
All of these.

Correct Answer

A. It feeds into the C3 pathway.

Explanation

The C4 pathway is a biochemical process in plants that allows them to efficiently fix carbon dioxide and minimize water loss. It involves the production of large amounts of carbohydrates, but this statement is not true concerning the C4 pathway. The correct answer is that it feeds into the C3 pathway. In the C4 pathway, carbon dioxide is first fixed into a four-carbon compound, which is then transported to the mesophyll cells where it releases carbon dioxide to be used in the C3 pathway. This allows plants to overcome the limitations of the C3 pathway and enhance their photosynthetic efficiency.

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Bio Test 2 (Part 2)

ATP is

Quiz Preview

Plant cells are capable of

ATP

Cellular respiration

Which of the following liberates the most energy in the form of ATP?

Aerobic organisms use _____ as the final electron acceptor in aerobic cellular respiration.

During the Krebs cycle,

Which of the following would NOT be true of CAM plants?

When molecules are broken apart in respiration,

In respiration, the greatest number of ATP molecules is produced in

Which of the following is true concerning the C4 pathway?