Bentley Ch. 18 Test Africa And Indian Ocean Trade

2.

In sub-Saharan Africa, an age grade was

A publicly recognized gorup that performed tasks based on their strength and maturity
A ceremony marking the passage from childhood to adulthood
One aspect of the elaborate educational system
The ritual suicide of tribal members, who were too old to contribute to the tribe

Correct Answer

A. A publicly recognized gorup that performed tasks based on their strength and maturity

Explanation

In sub-Saharan Africa, an age grade was a publicly recognized group that performed tasks based on their strength and maturity. Age grades were an important part of the social structure and division of labor in many African societies. They allowed individuals to gain recognition and status within their communities by showcasing their physical abilities and skills. Age grades also provided a means for younger individuals to learn from older, more experienced members of the group. Overall, age grades played a crucial role in maintaining social order and promoting cooperation within the community.

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3.

One of the central factors in the establishment of the trans-Saharan trade was

The invention of lighter, but still powerful, artillery
The domestication of the camel
The spread of a common religion
The use of large caravans of donkey

Correct Answer

A. The domestication of the camel

Explanation

The domestication of the camel was one of the central factors in the establishment of the trans-Saharan trade. Camels were well-suited for long-distance travel across the desert due to their ability to withstand extreme temperatures and survive for long periods without water. Their use as pack animals revolutionized trade routes, allowing goods to be transported more efficiently and over longer distances. This led to the development of extensive trade networks that connected different regions and facilitated the exchange of goods, ideas, and cultures across the Sahara desert.

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4.

The conversion to Islam by east African merchangs and princes did all of the following EXCEPT

Completely eliminate the animistic religions
Allow for the formation of alliance with other Islamic princes
Give a greater sense of legitimacy for east African princes
Allow for greater cooperation with other Islamic merchants

Correct Answer

A. Completely eliminate the animistic religions

Explanation

The conversion to Islam by East African merchants and princes did not completely eliminate the animistic religions. This means that even after converting to Islam, some individuals in East Africa still practiced their traditional animistic beliefs alongside their new Islamic faith. The conversion did, however, allow for the formation of alliances with other Islamic princes, give a greater sense of legitimacy for East African princes, and allow for greater cooperation with other Islamic merchants.

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5.

In regard to political sturcture, the early Bantu societies

Governed themselves mostly through family and kinship groups
Depended on a strong, centralized kingship
Developed an elaborate hierarchy of officials
Were influenced by their trading contacts with Rome

Correct Answer

A. Governed themselves mostly through family and kinship groups

Explanation

The early Bantu societies governed themselves mostly through family and kinship groups. This means that their political structure was centered around the family unit and extended kinship networks. Decision-making and governance were likely based on familial relationships and the authority of elders within the family. This form of governance reflects a decentralized system where power and authority were distributed among various family units rather than being concentrated in a centralized institution or individual.

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6.

Ethiopian Christianity

Was identical to Roman Catholicism
Was influenced much more profoundly by the Greek Orthodox Church
Retained both traditional African and Christian beliefs
Was much closer to certain Islamic beliefs than to Roman Catholicism

Correct Answer

A. Retained both traditional African and Christian beliefs

Explanation

The answer suggests that Ethiopian Christianity incorporated elements of both traditional African beliefs and Christian beliefs. This implies that the religious practices and beliefs of the Ethiopian Christian community were a blend of indigenous African traditions and the teachings of Christianity. This unique combination sets Ethiopian Christianity apart from other Christian denominations, such as Roman Catholicism or Greek Orthodox, which may have been influenced by different cultural or religious traditions.

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7.

In regard to gender issues in sub-Saharan Africa,

The position of women was essentially the same as in other societies of the time
Women played a dominant role in society
Women played a strictly subservient role
Women had more opportunities open to them than did their counterparts in other societies

Correct Answer

A. Women had more opportunities open to them than did their counterparts in other societies

Explanation

In sub-Saharan Africa, women had more opportunities open to them than their counterparts in other societies. This suggests that compared to women in other societies during that time, women in sub-Saharan Africa had greater access to education, economic opportunities, and social mobility. This could be attributed to cultural practices, economic factors, or social norms that were more favorable towards women in this region. However, without further context or specific examples, it is difficult to provide a comprehensive explanation for this statement.

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8.

In the smaller states of sub-Saharan Africa, the chief considerations for determining social position were

Personal wealth and landholdings
Military might and personal courage in battle
Kinship, age groupings, and sex and gender expectations
The ownership of slaves and weapons

Correct Answer

A. Kinship, age groupings, and sex and gender expectations

Explanation

In smaller states of sub-Saharan Africa, social position was determined by factors such as kinship, age groupings, and sex and gender expectations. This means that one's familial connections, their age and the corresponding responsibilities and privileges associated with it, as well as societal expectations based on their sex and gender, played a significant role in determining their social status. This suggests that social hierarchy in these states was largely influenced by traditional and cultural norms, rather than personal wealth, military might, or ownership of slaves and weapons.

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9.

Historians estimate that between 750 and 1500 C.E., the number of slaves transported north as part of the trans-Saharan slave was

500,000
Two million
Ten million
Fifty million

Correct Answer

A. Ten million

Explanation

During the period between 750 and 1500 C.E., historians estimate that around ten million slaves were transported north as part of the trans-Saharan slave trade. This trade route involved the transportation of slaves across the Sahara Desert, primarily from sub-Saharan Africa to North Africa and the Middle East. The trans-Saharan slave trade was a significant and long-lasting system that contributed to the movement of millions of individuals and the growth of various societies in the region.

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10.

By the nineteenth century, the kin-based society of Tiv in Nigeria numbered around

50,000
200,000
500,000
One million

Correct Answer

A. One million

Explanation

The correct answer is one million. This is because by the nineteenth century, the kin-based society of Tiv in Nigeria had grown to a population of one million.

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11.

Ibn Battuta

Was a Moroccan jurist who traveled throughout Africa
Was an Islamic merchant who converted many Africans
Wrote the SUNDIATA
Was the powerful Islamic official who dominated trade in the Indian Ocean

Correct Answer

A. Was a Moroccan jurist who traveled throughout Africa

Explanation

Ibn Battuta was a Moroccan jurist who traveled throughout Africa. This means that he was a legal expert from Morocco who journeyed extensively across the African continent. He is known for his extensive travels and exploration, documenting his experiences in his famous travelogue, "Rihla." Ibn Battuta's journeys took him to various regions of Africa, including West Africa, East Africa, and the Sahara Desert. He played a significant role in expanding knowledge about different cultures, societies, and trade routes during his time.

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12.

Since there was no concept of private ownership of land in sub-Saharan Africa,

All members of the tribe live din complete social equality
Slave ownership formed an important aspect of determining personal wealth
Social differentiation was based entirely on physical strength and military prowess
All land was owned by the chief

Correct Answer

A. Slave ownership formed an important aspect of determining personal wealth

Explanation

In sub-Saharan Africa, where there was no private ownership of land, slave ownership became a crucial factor in determining personal wealth. Without the ability to accumulate land as a form of wealth, individuals relied on owning slaves to increase their social and economic standing. This suggests that the possession of slaves was highly valued and played a significant role in social differentiation and personal wealth in the region.

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13.

The Swahili city-states

Succeeded in uniting Africa for the first time
Strongly maintained their Christian roots
Dominated trade along the east Africa coast
Became the dominant political force in west Africa after the collapse of the Mali kingdom

Correct Answer

A. Became the dominant political force in west Africa after the collapse of the Mali kingdom

Bentley Ch. 18 Test Africa And Indian Ocean Trade

First domesticated in southeast Asia, this food provided a nutritious supplement to Bantu diets and allowed the Bantu to expand into forested regions

Quiz Preview

In sub-Saharan Africa, an age grade was

One of the central factors in the establishment of the trans-Saharan trade was

The conversion to Islam by east African merchangs and princes did all of the following EXCEPT

In regard to political sturcture, the early Bantu societies

Ethiopian Christianity

In regard to gender issues in sub-Saharan Africa,

In the smaller states of sub-Saharan Africa, the chief considerations for determining social position were

Historians estimate that between 750 and 1500 C.E., the number of slaves transported north as part of the trans-Saharan slave was

By the nineteenth century, the kin-based society of Tiv in Nigeria numbered around

Ibn Battuta

Since there was no concept of private ownership of land in sub-Saharan Africa,

The Swahili city-states