Multiple Choice Test On Bentley Ch. 11 Rome

Patricians

Plebians

Democratic leaders

Merchants

Gaius Marius

The Gracchi brothers

Lucius Cornelius Sulla

Julius Caesar

Fathers supervised the domestic and business affairs of the family

A family meant an entire household, including slaves, servants, and relatives

Children could be sold into slavery

Slavery was not permanent and many slaves were treated as family members

By installing numerous breakwater constructions, the Romans were able to calm the seas of the Mediterranean and make them as calm as a lake

Romans established ports around the entire perimeter of the Mediterraneans and patrolled the waters, making the region as secure as an inland lake

The Roman love of water-borne sports spread throughout so that the Mediterranean became a lake playground

Romans created sea-farming and the Mediterranean could be fished as easily as a lake

Western Europe, Kush, entire Mediterranean basin

Britain and eastern Europe, Egypt

China, Persia, and Morocco

Russia, Mongolia, Tibet

The rural and urban poor who returned the favor with intense loyalty

The sons of wealthy landowners who supplied the armies lavishly in exchange for officer commissions

The extra sons of merchants who paid the commanders to take them off their parents hands

Orphans and disabled youths who were dispensable and plentiful

Creating a militaristic government modeled on the Spartan tradition of force and authority

Creating the office of tribune who had the power to intervene in all political affairs

Creating the office of dictator to rule Rome in times of crisis and put down plebeian rebellions

Making the Senate more egalitarian and open to plebeians and patricians alike

Carthage was a huge naval and trading empire and the Romans were able to absorb and expand that empire and exploit its resources

Carthage had been raiding Roman cities and outposts along the Mediterranean coast and the banks of the Tiber River for more than 200 years

Carthage had inherited the Athenian trading network and was using it to pirate Roman sea vessels, especially those sailing from Gaul

Carthage had joined with the Etruscans to build roads and bridges which rivaled Roman trade routes

It allowed them to vote in the assemblies, to petition the tribunes, and to depose the dictator if he was deemed too harsh

It allowed them to maintain their culture, and gave them the right to trade in Rome and perhaps become Roman citizens

Compared to the Persian empire, Roman rule was more human and less restrictive to religious freedoms

The Romans were only interested in the economic wealth of regions they controlled, so they did not require taxes or political loyalty from their conquered subjects

Voting rights and patterns

Military leadership and pay

Patterns of land distribution

Patrician versus plebeian conflicts

Had more military victories than his uncle in Gaul and Britain and so had more popular support

Aligned with Marc Antony and cleopatra at Actium to defeat the enemies of Rome

Wisely preserved the facade of the republic while cautiously consolidating his power

Converted to Christianity which brought him renewed public support

In Egypt, as the Romans relied on the export of grain from that fertile land

In Syria, as it lay on the trade routes to the east and into Asia

In the Black Sea region, as the Romans traded for furs and glassware

In Spain, Gaul, and Britain where cities were first built for government and administrative purposes

After a successful revolt, such as the one led by Spartacus in 73 B.C.E.

After years of service as an urban slave around the age of thirty

After successfully completing thirty years of service on the latifundia

After participating in a successful gladiatorial competition

The religions of salvation provided a purpose or model for how to live and the promise of a rewarding afterlife

The religions of salvation were more understandable and simpler to follow than the polytheistic Roman traditions

The religions of salvation were based on logic and rationality which the Romans highly prized

The religions of salvation had their origins in early Roman culture and therefore carried the powerful weight of tradition

The Romans demanded that everyone in their empire worship the Roman gods and observe roman religious traditions and rites

The Jews had never been under occupation before, so they had no experience with religious traditions other than their own

The Jewish religion forbids the worship of any other gods but Yahweh and therefore Jews would not participate in the Roman state cults

The Jews did not want to pay taxes to Rome without some representation in the Roman government

Roman tribunes because it allowed them to claim the right to rule from God

Elite, wealthy romans because Christianity taught the value of hard work and effort to achieve material and spiritual success

Soldiers because Christianity valued duty, honor, and loyalty above all other values

Slaves and women because Christianity promised spiritual freedom and eternal reward regardless of status

Egypt

Maya

Zhou China

Rome

Egypt and north Africa because Rome brought roads to these desert nations which made unification much easier

Western Europe because Roman rule stimulated trade and agricultural production resulting in urban growth

Eastern Europe because Roman polytheism replaced the cult of Isis and other cults of salvation

Greece because Roman religion absorbed the Greek pantheon and justified polytheism

Han China

Maya culture

Pre-Vedic India

Hellenistic Greece

A republic disguised as a monarchy

A monarchy disguised as a republic

A democracy disguised as an empire

An oligarchy disguised as a democracy