Science - Benchmark III Review (18)
Overall review of SOLs
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is the hardest mineral on earth?
- A.
Gemstone
- B.
Diamond
- C.
Rock
- D.
Granite
Correct Answer
B. DiamondExplanation
Diamond is the hardest mineral on earth because of its unique crystal structure. It is composed of carbon atoms arranged in a tight, rigid lattice, making it extremely resistant to scratching and abrasion. This hardness is measured on the Mohs scale, where diamond has a rating of 10, the highest possible. In contrast, gemstone, rock, and granite are not specifically known for their hardness and do not compare to the exceptional hardness of diamond.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What type of energy is used when the man "chews" the food?
- A.
Mechanical energy
- B.
Electrical energy
- C.
Nuclear energy
- D.
Light energy
Correct Answer
A. Mechanical energyExplanation
When a man chews food, he uses his muscles to break down the food into smaller pieces. This action requires the conversion of chemical energy stored in the food into mechanical energy, which is the energy associated with the movement and motion of objects. Therefore, the correct answer is mechanical energy.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What type of energy is lighting?
- A.
Electrical energy
- B.
Mechanical energy
- C.
Light energy
- D.
Nuclear energy
Correct Answer
D. Nuclear energy -
- 4.
What slows down the small object opposed to the elephant?
- A.
Inertai
- B.
Air resistance
- C.
Gravitry
- D.
Vacuum
Correct Answer
B. Air resistanceExplanation
Air resistance is the correct answer because it is a force that opposes the motion of objects moving through the air. When a small object is moving, it experiences more air resistance compared to an elephant due to its smaller surface area. This increased air resistance slows down the small object more than it does the elephant, which has a larger surface area and is therefore affected less by air resistance.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What remains the same on the moon and the earth?
- A.
Weight
- B.
Mass
- C.
Properties
- D.
Gravity
Correct Answer
B. MassExplanation
Mass remains the same on the moon and the earth. Mass is a measure of the amount of matter an object contains, and it is a fundamental property of an object that does not change regardless of its location. Therefore, an object will have the same mass on both the moon and the earth, regardless of the difference in their gravitational forces.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What type of instrument is used to measure force?
- A.
Thermometer
- B.
Triple beam balance
- C.
Spring scale
- D.
Meter stick
Correct Answer
C. Spring scaleExplanation
A spring scale is used to measure force. It consists of a spring attached to a hook on one end and a pointer or a scale on the other end. When a force is applied to the hook, the spring stretches or compresses, and the scale or pointer indicates the magnitude of the force. This allows for the measurement of forces such as weight or tension. A thermometer measures temperature, a triple beam balance measures mass, and a meter stick measures length.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What type of mixture is it when the snow settles to the bottom of the snow globe?
- A.
Colloid
- B.
Suspension
Correct Answer
B. SuspensionExplanation
When the snow settles to the bottom of the snow globe, it forms a suspension. A suspension is a type of mixture in which solid particles are dispersed in a liquid or gas but are large enough to settle out over time. In this case, the snow particles are suspended in the liquid inside the snow globe, but eventually settle to the bottom due to gravity. This settling behavior is characteristic of a suspension.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What type of change is it when an ice cube melts?
- A.
Chemical change
- B.
Physical change
- C.
Mechanical change
- D.
Weird change
Correct Answer
B. pHysical changeExplanation
When an ice cube melts, it undergoes a physical change. This is because the change in state from solid to liquid does not involve the formation or breaking of chemical bonds. The molecules in the ice cube are still the same, but they gain enough energy to overcome the forces holding them together in a solid structure, resulting in the transformation into a liquid state. Therefore, it is considered a physical change rather than a chemical change.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What is the process called when an acid and a base combines to form salt and water?
- A.
Salinity
- B.
Water cycle
- C.
Neutralization process
- D.
Life cycle
Correct Answer
C. Neutralization processExplanation
Neutralization process is the correct answer because it accurately describes the chemical reaction that occurs when an acid and a base combine to form salt and water. During neutralization, the hydrogen ions from the acid react with the hydroxide ions from the base, resulting in the formation of water and a salt compound. This process helps to neutralize the acidic or basic properties of the substances involved, leading to a more balanced and less corrosive solution.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What type of light bulb has a filament instead of argon gas?
- A.
Fluroescent bulb
- B.
Firefly light
- C.
Incadescent bulb
- D.
Neon light
Correct Answer
C. Incadescent bulbExplanation
An incandescent bulb has a filament instead of argon gas. When electricity passes through the filament, it heats up and produces light. This type of bulb is commonly used in household lighting fixtures. Fluorescent bulbs, on the other hand, use argon gas and a phosphor coating to produce light. Firefly lights are bioluminescent and do not use filaments or gas to produce light. Neon lights use neon gas to create their distinctive colors.Rate this question:
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- 11.
What type of molecule is the following?
- A.
Hydrogen
- B.
Helium
- C.
Water
- D.
Oxygen
Correct Answer
C. WaterExplanation
The correct answer is water because it is a molecule composed of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. Water molecules are held together by covalent bonds, forming a bent or V-shaped structure. It is a polar molecule, meaning it has a slightly positive charge on the hydrogen atoms and a slightly negative charge on the oxygen atom. Water is essential for life and has unique properties, such as high boiling and melting points, which are a result of its hydrogen bonding.Rate this question:
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- 12.
What is the "heaviness" of gold that makes it sink to the bottom of the pan?
- A.
Volume
- B.
Mass
- C.
Density
- D.
Weight
Correct Answer
C. DensityExplanation
The correct answer is density. Density is the measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume. Gold is denser than water, which is why it sinks to the bottom of the pan.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What type of energy is the mouse producing?
- A.
Potential energy
- B.
Kinetic energy
- C.
Chemical energy
- D.
Mechanical energy
Correct Answer
B. Kinetic energyExplanation
The mouse is producing kinetic energy. Kinetic energy is the energy possessed by an object due to its motion. In this case, the mouse is moving, so it has kinetic energy. Potential energy refers to stored energy, chemical energy is the energy stored in chemical bonds, and mechanical energy is the sum of potential and kinetic energy. However, based on the information given, the mouse's motion indicates that it is producing kinetic energy.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What happens to the water on the sidewalk on a hot day?
- A.
Sublimation
- B.
Condensation
- C.
Evaporation
- D.
Disappears
Correct Answer
C. EvaporationExplanation
On a hot day, the water on the sidewalk undergoes evaporation. Evaporation is the process in which a liquid, in this case, water, changes into a gas, usually due to an increase in temperature. The heat from the sun causes the water molecules to gain energy and become more active, eventually turning into water vapor. This water vapor then rises into the air, causing the water on the sidewalk to disappear.Rate this question:
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- 15.
What type of change is occuring to the toast in a toaster?
- A.
Physical change
- B.
Chemical change
- C.
Reaction
- D.
Net force
Correct Answer
B. Chemical changeExplanation
The correct answer is chemical change because when toast is being made in a toaster, the heat causes a chemical reaction called the Maillard reaction. This reaction occurs between the amino acids and sugars present in the bread, resulting in the browning and formation of new compounds that give the toast its distinct flavor and texture. This transformation is a chemical change because the composition of the bread is altered at the molecular level.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What does all organic material or once living material contain?
- A.
Oxygen
- B.
Hydrogen
- C.
Carbon
- D.
Cells
Correct Answer
C. CarbonExplanation
All organic material or once living material contains carbon. Carbon is an essential element in the composition of organic compounds, including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. It forms the backbone of these molecules and is responsible for their unique properties and functions. Carbon also plays a crucial role in the carbon cycle, where it is exchanged between the atmosphere, living organisms, and the Earth's crust.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which two elements are "chemically" similar? (remember they must be in the "same" group)
- A.
Argon (Ar) and Neon (Ne
- B.
Iron (Fe) and Chlorine (Cl)
- C.
Sodium (Na) and Gold (Au)
- D.
Carbon (C) and Oxygen (O)
Correct Answer
A. Argon (Ar) and Neon (NeExplanation
Argon (Ar) and Neon (Ne) are chemically similar because they both belong to the same group on the periodic table, which is Group 18 or the noble gases. Noble gases are known for their stable and unreactive nature due to having a full outer electron shell. Both Argon and Neon have a full outer electron shell, making them chemically similar in terms of their reactivity and behavior.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which place is the "mass" the same (not wieght)?
- A.
Saturn
- B.
Earth
- C.
Moon
- D.
Mass is the same in all the above locations.
Correct Answer
D. Mass is the same in all the above locations.Explanation
Mass is a measure of the amount of matter in an object and is constant regardless of the location. Weight, on the other hand, depends on the gravitational force acting on an object and can vary depending on the strength of gravity. Since the question specifically asks about mass and not weight, the correct answer is that mass is the same in all the given locations.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Jan 01, 2009Quiz Created by
Pcooper
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