Atomic Structure And The Periodic Table
This test covers the unit atoms and the periodic table. If you did not put your name in before starting this test you need to go back and do that before proceeding (a quiz with no name will score a zero). You will also need a periodic table, the one located in the back of the textbook will be fine.
- 1.
What is the atomic number for the atom in this picture?
- A.
4
- B.
6
- C.
12
- D.
18
- E.
36
Correct Answer
B. 6Explanation
The atomic number represents the number of protons in an atom's nucleus, which determines the element's identity. In this case, the correct answer is 6, indicating that the atom in the picture has 6 protons.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following statements about isotopes is incorrect?
- A.
Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons.
- B.
Isotopes of an element have the same number of neutrons.
- C.
Isotopes of an element have the same atomic number.
- D.
Isotopes of an element have different mass numbers.
Correct Answer
B. Isotopes of an element have the same number of neutrons.Explanation
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This means they have the same atomic number (which is determined by the number of protons) but different mass numbers (which is the sum of protons and neutrons). Option (b) is the only incorrect statement.Rate this question:
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- 3.
How many electrons are in the outer orbital of this atom?
- A.
2
- B.
6
- C.
12
- D.
18
- E.
24
Correct Answer
A. 2Explanation
The correct answer is 2 because the atom's outer orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons. This is based on the octet rule, which states that atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to achieve a stable electron configuration with 8 electrons in their outermost shell. Therefore, if the outer orbital already has 2 electrons, it is considered full and no more electrons can be added to it.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The name of this atom is?
- A.
Oxygen
- B.
Nitrogen
- C.
Boron
- D.
Magnesium
- E.
Carbon
Correct Answer
D. MagnesiumExplanation
Magnesium is the correct answer because it is the name of the atom being referred to in the question. The other options (Oxygen, Nitrogen, Boron, Carbon) are different elements and not the name of the atom in question.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Name a subatomic particle that this atom may not change.
- A.
Electron
- B.
Proton
- C.
Neutron
- D.
Isotope
- E.
Ion
Correct Answer
B. ProtonExplanation
The atom may not change a proton because protons are positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom. They determine the atomic number and identity of the element. While atoms can gain or lose electrons (forming ions), change their number of neutrons (forming isotopes), or even combine with other atoms, the number of protons remains constant in a given element. Therefore, a proton is a subatomic particle that an atom may not change.Rate this question:
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- 6.
By adding or removing an electron you would create...
- A.
A proton
- B.
An isotope
- C.
An ion
- D.
A radioactive particle
- E.
A half life
Correct Answer
C. An ionExplanation
By adding or removing an electron, an ion is created. An ion is an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more electrons, resulting in a positive or negative charge. This process occurs when an atom gains or loses electrons to achieve a stable electron configuration. Therefore, the correct answer is "an ion".Rate this question:
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- 7.
By adding or taking away a neutron you would create ...
- A.
A proton
- B.
An isotope
- C.
An ion
- D.
A radioactive particle
- E.
A half life
Correct Answer
B. An isotopeExplanation
By adding or taking away a neutron from an atom, you would create an isotope. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. This results in variations in their atomic mass, but they still have the same number of protons and electrons, making them the same element. Therefore, the correct answer is "an isotope."Rate this question:
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- 8.
What is the name for this atom?
- A.
Tin
- B.
Lead
- C.
Iron
- D.
Cobolt
- E.
Praseodymium
Correct Answer
D. Cobolt -
- 9.
What is the atomic mass of this element?
- A.
27
- B.
32
- C.
59
- D.
86
- E.
197
Correct Answer
C. 59Explanation
The correct answer is 59 because the question is asking for the atomic mass of the element. The atomic mass is the average mass of all the isotopes of an element, taking into account their abundance. Among the given options, 59 is the only value that represents a possible atomic mass.Rate this question:
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- 10.
How many electrons does the neutral version of the atom have?
- A.
0
- B.
118
- C.
39
- D.
79
- E.
-39
Correct Answer
D. 79Explanation
The neutral version of an atom means that it has an equal number of protons and electrons, resulting in a net charge of zero. Therefore, the neutral version of the atom will have 79 electrons, as indicated by the answer choice.Rate this question:
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- 11.
An atom is...
- A.
Solid
- B.
Almost solid
- C.
Solid with areas for the charges
- D.
Solid like a bunch of little balls clumped together
- E.
Almost all empty space
Correct Answer
E. Almost all empty spaceExplanation
An atom is mostly empty space because it consists of a small, dense nucleus surrounded by electrons that occupy a much larger volume. The nucleus contains protons and neutrons, which have mass, while the electrons have negligible mass and are constantly moving around the nucleus in electron orbitals. The vast majority of an atom's volume is therefore empty space, with the electrons occupying only a tiny fraction of it.Rate this question:
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- 12.
According to the picture below what can you tell me about electrons?
- A.
They are extremly close to the nucleus
- B.
They are attracted to other electrons
- C.
They travel only one path
- D.
They can be found in more than one orbital shell
- E.
They are in the nucleus
Correct Answer
D. They can be found in more than one orbital shellExplanation
The correct answer suggests that electrons can be found in more than one orbital shell. This means that electrons can occupy different energy levels or orbitals around the nucleus of an atom. The concept of orbital shells is a fundamental aspect of the electron configuration and the arrangement of electrons in an atom. Electrons can exist in different shells, each with a specific energy level. This answer implies that electrons are not limited to a single path or location but can occupy different regions around the nucleus.Rate this question:
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- 13.
DNA is a molecule...
- A.
Made up of lots of atoms
- B.
Made up of lots of balls
- C.
That is straight
- D.
Made up of only a few atoms
- E.
Made of only carbon
Correct Answer
A. Made up of lots of atomsExplanation
DNA is a molecule that is composed of many atoms. It is a complex structure made up of nucleotides, which consist of a sugar molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. These components are connected by covalent bonds, forming a long, double-stranded helix. Therefore, DNA is not made up of only a few atoms or solely carbon, but rather contains a large number of atoms that contribute to its intricate structure and function.Rate this question:
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- 14.
This is a molecule of a...
- A.
Plasma
- B.
Gas
- C.
Liquid
- D.
Solid
- E.
Suspension
Correct Answer
D. SolidExplanation
The molecule in question is classified as a solid. Solids have a definite shape and volume, and their molecules are tightly packed together in a regular arrangement. This is in contrast to gases, which have no definite shape or volume and have molecules that are spread out and move freely. Liquids also lack a definite shape but have a definite volume, while suspensions are mixtures where solid particles are dispersed in a liquid or gas. However, the given information does not provide any specific details about the molecule, so further context is needed to determine its specific properties.Rate this question:
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- 15.
This is a model of a...
- A.
Element
- B.
Compound
- C.
Atom
- D.
Ion
- E.
Isotope
Correct Answer
B. CompoundExplanation
This model represents a compound. A compound is a substance made up of two or more different elements chemically bonded together. In this model, there are multiple elements present, indicating that it is not just a single element or atom. Additionally, the presence of multiple elements suggests that it is not an ion, which is an atom or molecule with a net electric charge. It is also not an isotope, which refers to different forms of the same element with varying numbers of neutrons. Therefore, the most appropriate answer is a compound.Rate this question:
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- 16.
K Ca Ti and Ge are all in the same....
- A.
Liquid
- B.
Solid
- C.
State
- D.
Period
- E.
Group
Correct Answer
D. PeriodExplanation
K (potassium), Ca (calcium), Ti (titanium), and Ge (germanium) are all elements in the periodic table. The periodic table is organized into periods, which are horizontal rows that represent the number of electron shells an element has. Since K, Ca, Ti, and Ge are all elements, they would be found in the same period of the periodic table. Therefore, the correct answer is "period."Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which 2 elements behave in the same way?
- A.
H and Be
- B.
Au and He
- C.
Zn and Hg
- D.
Ni and Na
- E.
Cl and Ba
Correct Answer
C. Zn and HgExplanation
Zn and Hg behave in the same way because they both belong to the same group in the periodic table, Group 12. They are both transition metals and have similar chemical properties. Additionally, they have similar atomic structures and exhibit similar reactivity patterns. Therefore, Zn and Hg behave in the same way.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Carbon 14 is a naturally occuring radioactive isotope. How many neutrons are in the isotope carbon 14
- A.
6
- B.
7
- C.
8
- D.
14
- E.
0
Correct Answer
C. 8Explanation
Carbon 14 is an isotope of carbon, which means it has the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons compared to the most common form of carbon, carbon 12. The atomic number of carbon is 6, which means it has 6 protons. The atomic mass of carbon 14 is 14, which means it has 14 total particles (protons + neutrons). Since the atomic number is 6, there must be 8 neutrons in carbon 14 (14 - 6 = 8).Rate this question:
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- 19.
What is the difference between the number of neutrons of Carbon 14 and Nitrogen 14?
- A.
28
- B.
14
- C.
7
- D.
1
- E.
0
Correct Answer
D. 1Explanation
The difference between the number of neutrons of Carbon 14 and Nitrogen 14 is 1. Carbon 14 has 8 neutrons, while Nitrogen 14 has 7 neutrons.Rate this question:
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- 20.
How many neutrons in the isotope Sodium 22.
- A.
11
- B.
1
- C.
12
- D.
22
- E.
0
Correct Answer
A. 11Explanation
The isotope Sodium 22 has an atomic number of 11, which represents the number of protons in the nucleus. Since neutrons are found in the nucleus and the atomic mass of Sodium 22 is 22, we can subtract the atomic number from the atomic mass to find the number of neutrons. Therefore, Sodium 22 has 11 neutrons.Rate this question:
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- 21.
This is the atom Nitrogen with no charge. The Ion form of nitrogen with a +1 charge has how many electrons?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
6
- D.
7
- E.
8
Correct Answer
C. 6Explanation
The atom of Nitrogen has 7 electrons in its neutral state. When it forms an ion with a +1 charge, it loses one electron. Therefore, the ion of Nitrogen with a +1 charge will have 6 electrons.Rate this question:
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- 22.
This is the atom form of nitrogen. The Ion of Nitrogen with a charge of +2 has how many electrons?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
3
- D.
4
- E.
5
Correct Answer
E. 5Explanation
The atom form of nitrogen has 5 electrons. When an atom loses two electrons and becomes an ion with a charge of +2, it means that it now has 2 fewer electrons. Therefore, the ion of nitrogen with a charge of +2 would have 5 - 2 = 3 electrons.Rate this question:
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- 23.
This is the atom nitrogen. If the atom turns into an ion with a -1 charge how many protons does the atom have?
- A.
1
- B.
2
- C.
6
- D.
7
- E.
8
Correct Answer
D. 7Explanation
When an atom turns into an ion with a -1 charge, it means that it has gained one extra electron. Since electrons have a negative charge and protons have a positive charge, the number of protons in an atom determines its atomic number. Since the ion has a -1 charge, it means that it has one more electron than protons. Therefore, the atom must have 7 protons, as indicated in the answer choice 7.Rate this question:
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