Apwh Chapter 16 The Transformation Of The West
- 1.Which of the following sequences lists some major developments of Western civilization in proper sequence?
- A.
Protestant Reformation, Renaissance, absolute monarchy, Enlightenment
- B.
Absolute monarchy, Renaissance, Enlightenment, Protestant Reformation
- C.
Renaissance, Protestant Reformation, absolute monarchy, Enlightenment
- D.
Absolute monarchy, Enlightenment, Protestant Reformation, Renaissance
- 2.Which of the following statements about the Renaissance is NOT accurate?
- A.
The Renaissance challenged medieval intellectual values and styles.
- B.
The Renaissance was largely an artistic movement that began in Italy.
- C.
The Renaissance failed to develop any new ideas concerning political organization.
- D.
The Renaissance was built on a more commercialized economy.
- E.
The Renaissance had a southern and northern phase.
- 3.Which of the following was NOT a participant in the 15th-century Italian Renaissance?
- A.
Michelangelo
- B.
Leonardo da Vinci
- C.
Niccolo Machiavelli
- D.
Giotto
- E.
Donatello
- 4.Which of the following statements concerning Italian humanism is most accurate?
- A.
Humanists focused on humankind as the center of intellectual and artistic endeavor.
- B.
Humanists attacked Christianity as rife with superstition and witchcraft.
- C.
Humanists carved out new literary styles without reference to classical or medieval models.
- D.
Humanists de-emphasized the corporate and communal aspects of human society.
- E.
Humanists rejected scientific explanations in favor of spiritual ones.
- 5.Johannes Gutenberg was responsible for
- A.
The unification of the Holy Roman Empire in 1537.
- B.
The construction of Wittenberg cathedral during the 15th century.
- C.
The defeat of the Catholic forces during the Thirty Years War.
- D.
The invention of movable type in the West.
- E.
The split that occurred in the Catholic church in the late 1500s.
- 6.What was the European-style family pattern that emerged in the 15th century?
- A.
Extended families, early marriage ages
- B.
Nuclear families, early marriage ages
- C.
Extended families, late marriage ages
- D.
Nuclear families, late marriage ages
- E.
Extended families, marriage optional
- 7.What determined the age of marriage for many people in Europe?
- A.
The occupation of the husband
- B.
Access to real property
- C.
The approval of the church
- D.
Securing license to marry from the government
- E.
Local traditions
- 8.Who is generally credited with initiating the Protestant Reformation in 1517?
- A.
Jean Calvin
- B.
Henry VIII
- C.
Ignatius Loyola
- D.
Martin Luther
- E.
Johann Eck
- 9.Which of the following statements most accurately describes the reason why Luther picked up widespread support among the German elite?
- A.
Luther proposed moving the papacy from Rome to Germany.
- B.
Luther's support for a more centralized German government under the control of the Holy Roman emperor struck a responsive chord in German nationalism.
- C.
German princes who turned Protestant could increase their independence from the emperor, seize church lands, and control the church in their territories.
- D.
Luther proposed that indulgences should be collected by the Holy Roman emperor instead of the pope.
- E.
Luther was seen as anti-Muslim and many German princes saw a way to expand their power into eastern Europe.
- 10.What was the church established by Henry VIII in England?
- A.
Lutheran
- B.
Calvinism
- C.
Jesuit
- D.
Anglican
- E.
Baptist
- 11.The theological foundation of Jean Calvin's Protestantism was
- A.
The doctrine of penance.
- B.
Iconodulism.
- C.
Predestination.
- D.
Solipsism.
- E.
The sacraments.
- 12.What new religious order was associated with the Catholic Reformation?
- A.
Benedictines
- B.
Jesuits
- C.
Calvinists
- D.
Cistercians
- E.
Franciscans
- 13.The Edict of Nantes, issued in France in 1598,
- A.
Granted tolerance to Protestants and helped end the French civil wars of religion.
- B.
Established Calvinism as the state religion of France.
- C.
Decreed the abolition of Protestantism in France.
- D.
Declared war against the Lutheran princes of Germany.
- E.
Led to the Thirty Years War between France and Sweden.
- 14.The religious wars that followed the Protestant Reformation led generally to
- A.
The restoration of Catholic unity.
- B.
The establishment of Protestant dominance.
- C.
A limited acceptance of the idea of religious pluralism.
- D.
The end of the involvement of the state in religion.
- E.
A monolithic Protestantism in Europe.
- 15.Inflation and commercialization in the West produced a group of people without access to producing property called the
- A.
Bourgeoisie.
- B.
Sans culottes.
- C.
Proletariat.
- D.
Provencales.
- E.
Gentry.
- 16.Who used astronomical observation and mathematical calculation to disprove the Hellenistic belief that the Earth was the center of the universe?
- A.
Galileo
- B.
Copernicus
- C.
Vesalius
- D.
Francis Bacon
- E.
Isaac Newton
- 17.The monarch most associated with absolute monarchy was
- A.
Charles I of England.
- B.
Frederick William of Prussia.
- C.
William of Orange of the Netherlands.
- D.
Louis XIV of France.
- E.
Joseph II of Austria
- 18.Which of the following descriptions most accurately defines mercantilism?
- A.
Mercantilism was a scientific theory that attempted to limit the growing dominance of merchants within society.
- B.
Mercantilism held that government should promote the internal economy in order to improve tax revenues and to limit imports from other nations.
- C.
Mercantilism was an economic philosophy that argued that natural laws would determine the flow of goods according to supply and demand.
- D.
Mercantilism argued that the money supply should be freed from the supply of bullion and based instead on the flow of goods within regional markets.
- E.
Mercantilism is the idea that all trade should be international and free of any restraints.
- 19.The aftermath of the Scientific Revolution spilled over into a new intellectual movement in the 18th century called the
- A.
Renaissance.
- B.
Enlightenment.
- C.
Great Awakening.
- D.
Risorgimento.
- E.
Baroque Era.
- 20.Adam Smiths' economic theory advocated
- A.
Government intervention in order to control the flow of bullion through extensive tariff systems.
- B.
The use of a controlled money supply as a means of limiting inflation.
- C.
That governments avoid regulation in favor of the operation of individual initiative and market forces.
- D.
The institution of state-controlled guilds to fix standards of production and wages.
- E.
That government should allocate labor and capital whenever they engaged in warfare.
- 21.In 1733, James Kay of England introduced
- A.
Double-entry bookkeeping to western Europe.
- B.
The flying shuttle to automate weaving.
- C.
The steam engine.
- D.
The potato to European agriculture.
- E.
The cotton gin.
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