A&P Chapter 19 - The Cardiovascular System: Blood
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- 1.Plasma minus its clotting proteins is termed .
- 2.is the consolidation or tightening of the fibrin clot that helps to bring the edges of a damaged vessel closer together.
- 3.Hemoglobin functions in transporting both oxygen and carbon dioxide and in regulating blood pressure.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 4.The most numerous white blood cells in a differential white blood cell count of a healthy individual are the neutrophils.
- A.
True
- B.
False
- 5.Which of the following are not required for clot formation? 1. vitamin K 2. calcium 3. prostacyclin 4. plasmin 5. fibrinogen
- A.
1,2, and 5
- B.
3,4, and 5
- C.
4 and 5
- D.
1,2, and 3
- E.
3 and 4
- 6.Place the steps involved in hemostasis in the correct order. 1. conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin 2. conversion of prothrombin into thrombin 3. adhesion and aggregation of platelets on damaged vessel 4. prothrombinase formed by extrinsic or intrinsic pathway 5. reduction of blood loss by initiation of a vascular spasm
- A.
5,3,4,2,1
- B.
5,4,3,1,2
- C.
3,5,4,2,1
- D.
5,3,2,1,4
- E.
5,3,2,4,1
- 7.Which of the following statements explain why RBCs are highly specialized for oxygen transport? 1. RBCs contain hemoglobin 2. RBCs lack a nucleus 3. RBCs have many mitochondria and thus generate ATP aerobically 4. The biconcave shape of RBCs provides a large surface area for the inward and outward diffusion of gas molecules 5. RBCs can carry up to four oxygen molecules for each hemoglobin molecule
- A.
1,2,3, and 5
- B.
1,2,4, and 5
- C.
2,3,4, and 5
- D.
1,3, and 5
- E.
1,2, and 4
- 8.Which of the following are true? 1. WBCs leave the bloodstream by emigration 2. Adhesion molecules help WBCs stick to the endothelium, which aids emigration 3. Neutrophils and macrophages are active in phagocytosis 4. The attraction of phagocytes to microbes and inflamed tissue is termed chemotaxis 5. Leukopenia is an increase in WBC count that occurs during infection
- A.
1,2,4, and 5
- B.
2,3,4, and 5
- C.
1,2,3, and 4
- D.
1,3, and 5
- E.
1,2, and 4
- 9.A person with type A Rh- blood can receive a blood transfusion from which of the following types? 1. A Rh+ 2. B Rh- 3. AB Rh- 4. O Rh- 5. A Rh-
- A.
1
- B.
3
- C.
4
- D.
4 and 5
- E.
1 and 5
- 10.A person with type B+ bloood receives a tranfusion of type AB+ blood. What will happen?
- A.
The recipient's antibodies will react with the donor's RBCs
- B.
The donor's antigens will destroy the recipient's antibodies
- C.
The donor's anibodies will react with and destroy all of the recipient's RBCs
- D.
The recipient's blood type will change from Rh+ to Rh-
- E.
These blood types are compatible, and the transfusion will be accepted.
- 11.What happens to the iron that is release during the breakdown of damaged RBCs?
- A.
It is used to synthesize proteins
- B.
It is transported to the liver where it becomes part of bile
- C.
It is converted into urobilin and excreted in urine
- D.
It attaches to transferrin and is transported to bone marrow for use in heoglobin synthesis
- E.
It is utilized by intestinal bacteria to convert bilirubin into urobilinogen
- 12.Which of the following would not cause an increase in erythropoieten?
- A.
Anemia
- B.
High altitude
- C.
Hemorrhage
- D.
Donating blood to a blood bank
- E.
Polycythemia
- 13.Match the following:
- A. the percentage of total blood volume occupied by RBCs
- A.
- B. the percentage of each type of WBC
- B.
- C. measures numbers of RBCs, WBCs, platelets per u of blood; hematocrit; and differential WBC count
- C.
- D. measures the rate of erythropoiesis
- D.
- E. withdrawal of blood from a vein using a needle and collecting tube
- E.
- F. withdrawal of a small amount of red bone marrow with a fine needle and syringe
- F.
- G. removal of a core of red bone marrow with a large needle
- G.
- 14.Match the following:
- A. contain hemoglobin and function in gas transport
- A.
- B. cell fragments enclosed by a piece of the cell membrane of megakaryocytes; contain clotting factors
- B.
- C. WBC showing a kidney-shaped mucleus; capable of phagocytosis
- C.
- D. monocytes that roam the tissues and gather at sites of infection or inflammation
- D.
- E. occur as B cells, T cells, and natural killer cells
- E.
- F. give rise to RBC, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and platelets
- F.
- G. cell that give rise to all the formed elements of blood; derived from mesenchyme
- G.
- 15.Match the following:
- A. tissue protein that leaks into the blood from cells outside blood vessels and initiates the formation of prothrombinase
- A.
- B. an anticoagulant
- B.
- C. its formation is initiated by either the extrinsic or intrinsic pathway or both; catalyzes the conversion of prothombin to thrombin
- C.
- D. forms the threads of a clot; produced from fibrinogen
- D.
- E. can dissolve a clot by digesting fibrin threads
- E.
- F. serves as the catalyst to form fibrin; formed from prothrombin
- F.
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