A&p Chapter 19 - The Cardiovascular System: Blood

                   is the consolidation or tightening of the fibrin clot that helps to bring the edges of a damaged vessel closer together.

Hemoglobin functions in transporting both oxygen and carbon dioxide and in regulating blood pressure.

• True

• False

The most numerous white blood cells in a differential white blood cell count of a healthy individual are the neutrophils.

• True

• False

Which of the following are not required for clot formation? 1. vitamin K 2. calcium 3. prostacyclin 4. plasmin 5. fibrinogen

• 1,2, and 5

• 3,4, and 5

• 4 and 5

• 1,2, and 3

• 3 and 4

Place the steps involved in hemostasis in the correct order. 1. conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin 2. conversion of prothrombin into thrombin 3. adhesion and aggregation of platelets on damaged vessel 4. prothrombinase formed by extrinsic or intrinsic pathway 5. reduction of blood loss by initiation of a vascular spasm

• 5,3,4,2,1

• 5,4,3,1,2

• 3,5,4,2,1

• 5,3,2,1,4

• 5,3,2,4,1

Which of the following statements explain why RBCs are highly specialized for oxygen transport?  1. RBCs contain hemoglobin 2. RBCs lack a nucleus 3. RBCs have many mitochondria and thus generate ATP aerobically 4. The biconcave shape of RBCs provides a large surface area for the inward and outward diffusion of gas molecules 5. RBCs can carry up to four oxygen molecules for each hemoglobin molecule

• 1,2,3, and 5

• 1,2,4, and 5

• 2,3,4, and 5

• 1,3, and 5

• 1,2, and 4

Which of the following are true?  1. WBCs leave the bloodstream by emigration 2. Adhesion molecules help WBCs stick to the endothelium, which aids emigration 3. Neutrophils and macrophages are active in phagocytosis 4. The attraction of phagocytes to microbes and inflamed tissue is termed chemotaxis 5. Leukopenia is an increase in WBC count that occurs during infection

• 1,2,4, and 5

• 2,3,4, and 5

• 1,2,3, and 4

• 1,3, and 5

• 1,2, and 4

A person with type A Rh- blood can receive a blood transfusion from which of the following types? 1. A Rh+ 2. B Rh- 3. AB Rh- 4. O Rh- 5. A Rh-

• 1

• 3

• 4

• 4 and 5

• 1 and 5

A person with type B+ bloood receives a tranfusion of type AB+ blood.  What will happen?

• The recipient's antibodies will react with the donor's RBCs

• The donor's antigens will destroy the recipient's antibodies

• The donor's anibodies will react with and destroy all of the recipient's RBCs

• The recipient's blood type will change from Rh+ to Rh-

• These blood types are compatible, and the transfusion will be accepted.

What happens to the iron that is release during the breakdown of damaged RBCs?

• It is used to synthesize proteins

• It is transported to the liver where it becomes part of bile

• It is converted into urobilin and excreted in urine

• It attaches to transferrin and is transported to bone marrow for use in heoglobin synthesis

• It is utilized by intestinal bacteria to convert bilirubin into urobilinogen

Which of the following would not cause an increase in erythropoieten?

• Anemia

• High altitude

• Hemorrhage

• Donating blood to a blood bank

• Polycythemia