Anatomical Principles & Cell Basics
(22).webp "Anatomical Principles & Cell Basics - Quiz")
Units 1 & 2 Review
Questions and Answers
- 1.
A group of tissues is a(n):
- A.
Cell
- B.
Organ
- C.
Organism
- D.
Molecule
Correct Answer
B. OrganExplanation
An organ is a group of tissues that work together to perform a specific function in the body. Unlike a single cell or molecule, an organ is made up of different types of tissues that collaborate to carry out complex tasks. Therefore, an organ is the most appropriate choice for a group of tissues.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A cell is best defined as:
- A.
A group of organs
- B.
An individual living thing
- C.
A group of tissues
- D.
The basic unit of life
Correct Answer
D. The basic unit of lifeExplanation
A cell is considered the basic unit of life because it is the smallest structural and functional unit that can carry out all the necessary processes of life, such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. Cells are the building blocks of all living organisms and can exist as single-celled organisms or as part of multicellular organisms. They contain genetic material, have a cell membrane that regulates the passage of substances, and have specialized structures called organelles that perform specific functions. Overall, cells are fundamental to the existence and functioning of all living things.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The organ system that helps us receive messages and respond to them is the:
- A.
Skeletal system
- B.
Respiratory system
- C.
Nervous system
- D.
Immune system
Correct Answer
C. Nervous systemExplanation
The nervous system is responsible for receiving messages from the environment and coordinating the body's response to those messages. It consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves, which work together to transmit electrical signals throughout the body. This allows us to sense our surroundings, process information, and initiate appropriate actions or responses. The skeletal system provides support and protection for the body, the respiratory system is responsible for breathing and oxygen exchange, and the immune system defends against foreign invaders. However, neither of these systems directly facilitate the reception and response to messages like the nervous system does.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Name the organ system shown below:
- A.
Digestive system
- B.
Urinary system
- C.
Endocrine system
- D.
Respiratory system
Correct Answer
A. Digestive systemExplanation
The organ system shown in the image is the digestive system. This system is responsible for breaking down food into nutrients that can be absorbed by the body. It includes organs such as the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. The digestive system plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients, as well as the elimination of waste products.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Antoinetta contracts a viral infection after babysitting for her friend's small children. The system that responds to fight this infection is the:
- A.
Immune system
- B.
Nervous system
- C.
Urinary system
- D.
Reproductive system
Correct Answer
A. Immune systemExplanation
The correct answer is the immune system. When Antoinetta contracts a viral infection, her immune system responds to fight off the infection. The immune system is responsible for identifying and destroying pathogens, such as viruses, to protect the body from illness and infection. It does this through various mechanisms, including the production of antibodies and activation of immune cells. In this case, the immune system would recognize the viral infection and initiate an immune response to eliminate the virus from Antoinetta's body.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The organ system that helps humans combine egg and sperm cells to create new life is called the:
- A.
Cardiovascular system
- B.
Respiratory system
- C.
Reproductive system
- D.
Nervous system
Correct Answer
C. Reproductive systemExplanation
The reproductive system is responsible for combining egg and sperm cells to create new life. It includes organs such as the ovaries, testes, uterus, and fallopian tubes. These organs work together to produce and transport gametes (egg and sperm cells), facilitate fertilization, and support the development of a fetus. The cardiovascular system is responsible for circulating blood throughout the body, the respiratory system is responsible for breathing and exchanging gases, and the nervous system is responsible for transmitting signals and coordinating bodily functions. None of these systems are directly involved in the process of reproduction.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Mr. Carter has trouble filtering waste from his blood, and needs dialysis treatment. Which organ system is affected?
- A.
Urinary system
- B.
Reproductive system
- C.
Muscular system
- D.
Skeletal system
Correct Answer
A. Urinary systemExplanation
Mr. Carter's trouble with filtering waste from his blood indicates a dysfunction in the urinary system. The urinary system is responsible for filtering waste products from the blood and eliminating them from the body through urine. Dialysis treatment is a medical procedure that helps to perform the function of the kidneys when they are unable to do so effectively. Therefore, the correct answer is the urinary system.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The lungs are located in which body cavity?
- A.
Pelvic
- B.
Abdominal
- C.
Thoracic
- D.
Cranial
Correct Answer
C. ThoracicExplanation
The correct answer is thoracic because the lungs are located within the thoracic cavity, which is also known as the chest cavity. This cavity is surrounded by the rib cage and contains vital organs such as the heart and lungs. The thoracic cavity is separated from the abdominal cavity by the diaphragm.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Deonsae is having a heart attack and needs an emergency procedure!! Which body cavity do you need to access?
- A.
Thoracic
- B.
Abdominal
- C.
Pelvic
- D.
Vertebral
Correct Answer
A. ThoracicExplanation
In this scenario, Deonsae is experiencing a heart attack, which is a medical emergency involving the heart. The thoracic cavity is the correct answer because it houses the heart, lungs, and other vital organs in the chest region. Accessing the thoracic cavity would allow medical professionals to reach the heart and perform the necessary emergency procedure to address the heart attack.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Maurice has a bad headache. Which body cavity is affected?
- A.
Cranial
- B.
Vertebral
- C.
Pelvic
- D.
Thoracic
Correct Answer
A. CranialExplanation
The correct answer is cranial because the question states that Maurice has a bad headache, which indicates that the pain is localized in the head. The cranial cavity houses the brain and is responsible for protecting it, so any issues or discomfort in this area would affect the head.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which plane is shown below:
- A.
Sagittal
- B.
Frontal
- C.
Transverse
Correct Answer
A. SagittalExplanation
The plane shown in the image is the sagittal plane. This plane divides the body into left and right halves, allowing for a side view of the structures. It is perpendicular to both the frontal and transverse planes.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which plane is shown below:
- A.
Transverse
- B.
Frontal
- C.
Sagittal
Correct Answer
B. FrontalExplanation
The plane shown in the image is the frontal plane. The frontal plane divides the body into front and back halves, also known as anterior and posterior. This plane is perpendicular to both the sagittal and transverse planes.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which plane is shown below:
- A.
Frontal
- B.
Sagittal
- C.
Transverse
Correct Answer
C. TransverseExplanation
The plane shown below is the transverse plane. This plane divides the body into superior and inferior portions, or in other words, it separates the body into upper and lower sections. It is also known as the horizontal plane because it is parallel to the ground when the body is in an anatomical position.Rate this question:
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- 14.
This arrow is going from the _____________ to the _________________ of the patient.
- A.
Anterior; posterior
- B.
Superior; inferior
- C.
Posterior; inferior
- D.
Anterior; superior
Correct Answer
A. Anterior; posteriorExplanation
The arrow is going from the anterior to the posterior of the patient.Rate this question:
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- 15.
This arrow is pointing towards the _____________________ end of the patient.
- A.
Superior
- B.
Inferior
- C.
Anterior
- D.
Posterior
Correct Answer
B. InferiorExplanation
The arrow is pointing towards the inferior end of the patient. This means that it is indicating the lower or lowermost part of the patient's body.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which type of organic molecule stores long-term energy for the body?
- A.
Carbohydrate
- B.
Protein
- C.
Lipid
- D.
Nucleic acid
Correct Answer
C. LipidExplanation
Lipids are organic molecules that store long-term energy for the body. They are a concentrated source of energy, providing more than double the amount of energy compared to carbohydrates and proteins. Lipids are stored in adipose tissue and can be broken down and used as fuel when the body needs energy. Therefore, lipids play a crucial role in energy storage and are an essential component of a balanced diet.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which type of organic molecule provides structure for the hair, muscle, skin and nails?
- A.
Protein
- B.
Lipid
- C.
Nucleic acid
- D.
Carbohydrate
Correct Answer
A. ProteinExplanation
Proteins provide structure for the hair, muscle, skin, and nails. Proteins are made up of amino acids and are essential for the growth, repair, and maintenance of tissues in the body. They form the building blocks of cells and are responsible for the structure and function of various body parts, including hair, muscle, skin, and nails. Therefore, protein is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Fruits like oranges contain a lot of glucose, which is a molecule we break down to provide energy for our cells. These fruits are full of what kind of molecule?
- A.
Carbohydrate
- B.
Lipid
- C.
Protein
- D.
Nucleic acid
Correct Answer
A. CarbohydrateExplanation
Fruits like oranges contain a lot of glucose, which is a type of carbohydrate. Carbohydrates are molecules that provide energy for our cells when broken down. Therefore, the correct answer is carbohydrate.Rate this question:
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- 19.
This food is high in what kind of organic molecule?
- A.
Lipids
- B.
Carbohydrates
- C.
Nucleic acid
Correct Answer
A. LipidsExplanation
This food is high in lipids, which are organic molecules that are commonly known as fats. Lipids are an essential component of our diet and provide a concentrated source of energy. They also play important roles in cell structure, insulation, and the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The type of organic molecule that makes up our DNA is called:
- A.
Nucleic acids
- B.
Carbohydrates
- C.
Lipids
- D.
Proteins
Correct Answer
A. Nucleic acidsExplanation
The type of organic molecule that makes up our DNA is called nucleic acids. Nucleic acids are large biomolecules that store and transmit genetic information. DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a type of nucleic acid that contains the instructions for the development and functioning of all living organisms. It is composed of two strands of nucleotides that are held together by hydrogen bonds. Nucleic acids are essential for the replication and expression of genetic information, making them crucial for the inheritance of traits and the functioning of cells.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Mitosis is cell division that creates:
- A.
Somatic cells for growth and repair
- B.
Sex cells for reproduction
- C.
Sperm and egg cells
- D.
All types of cells
Correct Answer
A. Somatic cells for growth and repairExplanation
Mitosis is a type of cell division that occurs in somatic cells, which are responsible for the growth and repair of the body. This process results in the formation of two identical daughter cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Therefore, the correct answer is somatic cells for growth and repair.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Meiosis is cell division that creates:
- A.
Sex cells for reproduction
- B.
Somatic cells for growth and repair
- C.
Brain cells to transmit messages
- D.
Muscle cells for movement
Correct Answer
A. Sex cells for reproductionExplanation
Meiosis is a type of cell division that specifically occurs in the reproductive cells, also known as gametes. It is responsible for creating sex cells, such as sperm and eggs, which are essential for sexual reproduction. During meiosis, the number of chromosomes in the cells is halved, resulting in genetic diversity in offspring. This process ensures that the resulting sex cells have the correct number of chromosomes to combine during fertilization and produce a genetically unique individual.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Jaylin sprained his ankle running in the hallway to get to class. What type of cell division is happening to repair the damaged muscle?
- A.
Mitosis
- B.
Meiosis
- C.
Neither
Correct Answer
A. MitosisExplanation
Mitosis is the correct answer because it is the type of cell division that occurs in somatic cells to repair damaged tissues. In this case, Jaylin's muscle cells are undergoing mitosis to replace the damaged cells and heal the sprained ankle. Meiosis is not applicable in this scenario as it is the type of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells to produce gametes.Rate this question:
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- 24.
The type of cell divisions that create new sperm cells is called:
- A.
Mitosis
- B.
Meiosis
- C.
Neither
Correct Answer
B. MeiosisExplanation
Meiosis is the correct answer because it is the type of cell division that creates new sperm cells. During meiosis, a diploid cell undergoes two rounds of division to produce four haploid cells, each containing half the number of chromosomes as the original cell. This process is essential for sexual reproduction and ensures genetic diversity in offspring. Mitosis, on the other hand, is a type of cell division that produces two identical daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.Rate this question:
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- 25.
This boy has Down's Syndrome. Which of the following BEST explains how this happened?
- A.
One of the parent's sex cells was missing a chromosome due to mistakes in meiosis
- B.
The baby lost chromosomes while growing in the mother's womb through mitosis
- C.
A mistake during mitosis caused the baby's chromosomes to multiply
- D.
A mistake during fertilization caused the baby to have an extra sex cell
Correct Answer
A. One of the parent's sex cells was missing a chromosome due to mistakes in meiosisExplanation
Down's Syndrome is caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21, also known as trisomy 21. This occurs when one of the parent's sex cells (either the egg or the sperm) undergoes a mistake during meiosis, resulting in an extra copy of chromosome 21. This error in chromosome segregation during meiosis is the most common cause of Down's Syndrome.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Which of the following best explains what causes cancer?
- A.
Errors during meiosis caused mutated sex cells which are growing into tumors
- B.
Mitosis is uncontrolled due to damage to the genes and cells are reproducing too fast
- C.
Not enough cells are dividing because mitosis has stopped
- D.
Too many cells are going through meiosis
Correct Answer
B. Mitosis is uncontrolled due to damage to the genes and cells are reproducing too fastExplanation
Mitosis is the process of cell division in which one cell divides into two identical daughter cells. When there is damage to the genes, it can lead to uncontrolled mitosis, causing cells to reproduce too quickly. This uncontrolled cell division can result in the formation of tumors, which is a characteristic feature of cancer. Therefore, the answer "mitosis is uncontrolled due to damage to the genes and cells are reproducing too fast" best explains what causes cancer.Rate this question:
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- 27.
How many chromosomes are there in a healthy human sex cell?
- A.
46
- B.
12
- C.
1
- D.
23
Correct Answer
D. 23Explanation
A healthy human sex cell, also known as a gamete, contains half the number of chromosomes compared to other cells in the body. This is because during sexual reproduction, the gametes from both parents combine to form a new individual with a complete set of chromosomes. In humans, the normal number of chromosomes in a somatic cell is 46, but in a sex cell, it is reduced to 23. This reduction ensures that when the gametes combine during fertilization, the resulting zygote will have the correct number of chromosomes for normal development.Rate this question:
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May 16, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Jan 20, 2013Quiz Created by
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