Aboriginal Perspective Psych Test

The correct answer is "are relaxed and agreeable." This answer suggests that easy children are generally calm and easygoing in their temperament. They are not easily agitated or prone to overreacting to stimuli. Instead, they tend to be more relaxed and agreeable in their behavior and interactions with others.

Homeostasis refers to the balanced state of our bodies that is maintained by biological drives. It involves the regulation of various physiological processes such as temperature, pH levels, and blood sugar levels to ensure optimal functioning of the body. This process helps to maintain stability and equilibrium in the internal environment, allowing the body to adapt to changes and maintain overall health and wellbeing.

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes of any living creature. This field of study focuses on understanding and explaining how individuals think, feel, and behave. It involves observing and analyzing human and animal behavior, as well as investigating the underlying cognitive and emotional processes that influence behavior. Psychology uses scientific methods and empirical evidence to study various aspects of human and animal behavior, including perception, learning, memory, motivation, emotion, personality, and social interaction.

The goals of psychology are to describe and understand behavior, but an important aspect is also being able to predict behavior. By studying patterns and trends in human behavior, psychologists can make predictions about how individuals or groups may behave in certain situations. This allows for a better understanding of human behavior and can be useful in various fields such as therapy, education, and marketing.

Long-term memory is the correct answer because it refers to the memory system used for relatively permanent storage of meaningful information. This type of memory allows us to store and retrieve information over an extended period of time, ranging from minutes to years. Long-term memory is essential for learning, as it enables us to retain knowledge and experiences for future use. It is different from sensory memory, which is very brief and holds sensory information for a short time, and short-term memory, which has a limited capacity and holds information temporarily. Tactile memory is not a recognized term in psychology.

The correct answer is "Anything a person does." This means that behavior encompasses all actions and activities performed by an individual, regardless of whether they are visible or not, recorded by a camera or not, or perceptible by the person's senses or not. Behavior includes both observable actions and internal mental processes.

The majority of adults typically get seven to eight hours of sleep per night. This amount of sleep is considered optimal for most adults to feel rested and maintain good physical and mental health. Getting less than seven hours of sleep can lead to sleep deprivation, which can negatively impact cognitive function, mood, and overall well-being. On the other hand, getting more than eight hours of sleep may be excessive and could indicate an underlying health issue.

The term personality in psychology refers to individual patterns of behavior that are stable and unique to each person. This means that each individual has their own distinct set of behaviors and characteristics that differentiate them from others. The term "universal" would imply that these patterns of behavior are the same for everyone, which is not the case. "Unchanging" suggests that personality traits do not evolve or change over time, which is not accurate either. "Uncontrolled" implies that these patterns of behavior are not influenced by any factors, which is also not true. Therefore, the most appropriate answer is "unique."

Erick Erickson's theory of psychosocial development suggests that individuals face specific psychosocial dilemmas at each stage of life. This theory emphasizes the importance of social and psychological factors in shaping human development. Erickson proposed eight stages, each with its own unique challenge or conflict that individuals must resolve in order to progress successfully to the next stage. These stages range from infancy to old age and encompass various aspects of human development, including trust versus mistrust, identity versus role confusion, and integrity versus despair. Erickson's theory has had a significant impact on the field of psychology and continues to be influential in understanding human development.

Short-term memory is the memory system used to hold small amounts of information for relatively brief time periods. It is responsible for temporarily storing and manipulating information that is currently being used or processed. Unlike long-term memory, which has a larger capacity and can hold information for longer periods of time, short-term memory is limited in capacity and duration. It plays a crucial role in tasks such as remembering a phone number or following instructions in real-time. Sensory memory refers to the initial stage of memory that briefly holds sensory information, while tactile memory specifically refers to the memory of touch sensations.

Long-term memory is the memory system used for relatively permanent storage of meaningful information. It allows us to store and retrieve information over extended periods of time, ranging from minutes to years. Unlike sensory and short-term memory, which have limited capacities and durations, long-term memory has a vast capacity and can store information indefinitely. This type of memory is essential for retaining knowledge, experiences, and skills that shape our identity and enable us to navigate the world.

Learning is a process that involves acquiring knowledge or skills through experience. It is not just any change in behavior, as that could be temporary or accidental. Instead, learning is best defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior, meaning that the new behavior is likely to persist over time. This change in behavior is attributed to past experiences, indicating that learning is influenced by the knowledge and skills acquired through previous encounters and interactions with the environment.

The correct answer is miscarriage, premature birth, and bodily defects. Fetal alcohol syndrome is a condition that occurs when a pregnant woman consumes alcohol, which can lead to a range of physical, mental, and behavioral issues in the unborn baby. Miscarriage and premature birth are potential consequences of alcohol consumption during pregnancy, while bodily defects such as facial abnormalities, growth deficiencies, and organ damage are also commonly observed in babies with fetal alcohol syndrome.

Learning is best defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior due to past experience. This definition suggests that learning involves a lasting change in behavior that is a result of previous experiences. It emphasizes that learning is not a temporary or fleeting change, but rather a more enduring alteration in behavior. Furthermore, it highlights the importance of past experiences in shaping behavior and suggests that learning is a process that occurs over time.

Overt behavior refers to visible actions or behaviors that can be observed by others. It includes any actions or behaviors that are externally displayed and can be perceived by the senses. This answer option correctly states that overt behavior is limited to those things a person does which can be seen by others.

Research suggests that there are two fundamental states of sleep: REM sleep and non-REM sleep. REM sleep, or rapid eye movement sleep, is characterized by increased brain activity, vivid dreaming, and rapid eye movements. Non-REM sleep, on the other hand, is divided into several stages, including light sleep and deep sleep. During non-REM sleep, the body undergoes restorative processes, such as tissue repair and hormone release. Both REM sleep and non-REM sleep are essential for a healthy sleep cycle and overall well-being.

The correct sequence for the motivational process is need - drive - behavioral response. This sequence suggests that motivation begins with a need or desire, which then creates a drive or internal state of tension. This drive then leads to a behavioral response or action taken to fulfill the need and reduce the tension.

Ivan Pavlov is credited with the initial discovery of classical conditioning. Classical conditioning is a type of learning in which an organism learns to associate a neutral stimulus with a meaningful stimulus, resulting in a response to the neutral stimulus alone. Pavlov's famous experiment with dogs, in which he conditioned them to salivate at the sound of a bell, is a classic example of classical conditioning. This discovery laid the foundation for further research on learning and behavior.

Covert behavior refers to actions or behaviors that are not observable by others. This means that covert behaviors are not easily detectable or visible to external observers. These behaviors may occur internally, such as thoughts, feelings, or mental processes, which cannot be directly observed by others. Covert behaviors are in contrast to overt behaviors, which are actions that can be seen or witnessed by others.

A neonate refers to a newborn baby. This term is commonly used in medical and scientific contexts to describe a baby in the first 28 days of life. The other options, such as embryo, zygote, and fetus, refer to earlier stages of development before birth. Therefore, neonate is the most appropriate term to describe a newborn baby.

Short-term memory is the memory system used to hold small amounts of information for relatively brief time periods. It is responsible for temporarily storing and processing information that is currently being used or actively attended to. Unlike long-term memory, which has a larger capacity and can hold information for longer periods, short-term memory has a limited capacity and information stored in it can be easily forgotten if not rehearsed or transferred to long-term memory. Therefore, short-term memory is the correct answer for the given question.

Consciousness encompasses all of these aspects. It is a constantly changing flow of awareness, including sensations from the external world and one's own body. It is also organized, meaningful, and perceived as real. Therefore, the correct answer is all of these.

The ordering and duration of daily sleep and waking periods refer to the overall pattern of sleep and wakefulness that an individual follows. This pattern is known as sleep patterns. It encompasses the regularity and consistency of sleep and wake times, as well as the total duration of sleep and the timing of sleep stages such as REM cycles. Ultradian rhythms, on the other hand, refer to shorter cycles of activity and rest that occur within the sleep-wake pattern.

Behavioral risk factors refer to actions or habits that individuals engage in that can increase their chances of injury or illness. In this context, high levels of stress, overeating, and unsafe sexual behavior are examples of behavioral risk factors. These behaviors can have negative impacts on a person's physical and mental health, making them more susceptible to injuries or illnesses.

Motivation is the process of initiating, sustaining, and directing activities of the organism. This means that motivation is not just about starting or initiating activities, but also about maintaining and continuing them. Sustaining motivation involves keeping the drive and enthusiasm to complete tasks or achieve goals, even in the face of obstacles or challenges. It is an important aspect of motivation as it ensures that activities are carried out consistently and effectively.

A procedure that increases the probability that a response will occur is referred to as a reinforcer. This means that when a certain action or behavior is followed by a positive consequence or reward, it is more likely to be repeated in the future. Reinforcers can be anything that is perceived as rewarding or satisfying to the individual, such as praise, food, or money. By providing reinforcement, the likelihood of the desired response occurring again in the future is increased.

Developmental psychology is the study of progressive changes in behavior and abilities from conception to death. This field focuses on understanding how individuals develop and grow throughout their lifespan, from infancy to old age. It examines various aspects such as cognitive, social, emotional, and physical development. By studying these progressive changes, developmental psychologists aim to gain insights into the factors that influence human development and how individuals adapt and change over time.

In classical conditioning, events critical to the learning occur before the response. This means that the crucial events that lead to the conditioning or learning process take place prior to the response being produced. Classical conditioning involves pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response. The neutral stimulus becomes associated with the unconditioned stimulus through repeated pairings, and eventually, it can elicit the same response as the unconditioned stimulus alone. Therefore, the events critical to this learning process happen before the response is observed.

Perception is a process by which sensations are assembled into meaningful patterns that represent external events. This means that when we receive sensory information from our environment, our brain organizes and interprets these sensations to create a coherent understanding of the world around us. It involves combining various sensory inputs such as sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell to make sense of our surroundings and form meaningful perceptions and interpretations.

Sensory memory refers to the brief retention of sensory information, such as visual or auditory stimuli, for a very short duration, typically lasting only a second or two. It acts as a buffer, allowing us to briefly perceive and process incoming sensory information before it is either transferred to short-term memory or forgotten. This type of memory is responsible for our ability to recall immediate sensory experiences, like the image of a lightning bolt or the sound of a doorbell, but it does not involve the long-term storage of information.

The absolute threshold for a sensory system refers to the minimal amount of energy that must be present before a sensation occurs. This means that the sensory system needs a certain level of energy input in order to detect and perceive a stimulus. The absolute threshold is the point at which the sensory system becomes sensitive enough to detect the presence of a stimulus and initiate a sensation.

Short-term memory refers to the temporary storage of information that lasts for only a few seconds or minutes. It is responsible for holding and processing information that is currently being used or attended to. Unlike long-term memory, which has a relatively unlimited capacity and can store information for an extended period, short-term memory has a limited capacity and duration. It plays a crucial role in tasks such as remembering a phone number or following instructions in real-time. Sensory memory refers to the initial brief storage of sensory information, while eidetic memory refers to the ability to vividly recall images or sounds.