1W0510 CDC Practice Test B Set All Books
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is the most important of all the climatic elements?
- A.
Temperature
- B.
Winds
- C.
Moisture
- D.
Location
Correct Answer
A. TemperatureExplanation
Temperature is the most important of all the climatic elements because it directly affects various aspects of the climate, such as the distribution of precipitation, the formation of weather patterns, and the types of ecosystems that can thrive in a particular region. Temperature also influences the behavior of other climatic elements, such as winds and moisture, making it a crucial factor in understanding and predicting weather patterns and climate change. Additionally, temperature plays a significant role in determining the suitability of a location for human habitation, agriculture, and various economic activities.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Evaporation is an important climatic element over which regions?
- A.
When considered in relation to weather phenomena forming over land
- B.
When considered in relation to weather phenomena forming over bodies of water.
- C.
When considered in relation to weather phenomena forming over cities
- D.
When considered in relation to weather phenomena forming over mountainous regions
Correct Answer
B. When considered in relation to weather phenomena forming over bodies of water.Explanation
Evaporation is an important climatic element over bodies of water. When water bodies are exposed to sunlight and heat, the water molecules gain enough energy to transform from a liquid state to a gaseous state, resulting in evaporation. This process plays a significant role in the water cycle and influences weather patterns and phenomena over bodies of water. It affects the humidity levels, cloud formation, and precipitation in these regions, making it an essential factor in understanding and predicting weather conditions over water bodies.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Why is the average amount of precipitation not a good way to compare the climate of two stations?
- A.
Occurs in different intensities and times
- B.
Occurs in different forms
- C.
Occurs in different temperatures
- D.
It doesnt have any affect
Correct Answer
A. Occurs in different intensities and timesExplanation
The average amount of precipitation is not a good way to compare the climate of two stations because precipitation can occur in different intensities and at different times. For example, one station may receive a large amount of rainfall in a short period of time, while another station may receive the same amount of rainfall spread out over a longer period. This difference in intensity and timing can significantly impact the overall climate and water availability in the area. Therefore, solely comparing the average amount of precipitation would not provide an accurate representation of the climate differences between the two stations.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which element of precipitation includes such deposits as dew, frost, and rime ice?
- A.
Condensation
- B.
Evaporation
- C.
Sublimation
- D.
Fusion
Correct Answer
A. CondensationExplanation
Condensation refers to the process of water vapor in the atmosphere turning into liquid water. Dew, frost, and rime ice are all forms of water that result from condensation. Dew forms when the temperature of surfaces, such as grass or leaves, cools below the dew point causing water vapor in the air to condense. Frost is formed when water vapor directly freezes onto a surface, usually when the temperature is below freezing. Rime ice is formed when supercooled water droplets freeze upon contact with a surface. Therefore, condensation is the correct answer as it encompasses all these forms of precipitation.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Climatologists are mostly interested in which elements of wind?
- A.
Direction, speed, and gustiness
- B.
Speed, and gustiness
- C.
Direction and speed
- D.
Speed and supporting weather elements
Correct Answer
A. Direction, speed, and gustinessExplanation
Climatologists are interested in studying the direction, speed, and gustiness of wind. These elements provide important information about the movement and behavior of wind patterns, which in turn have a significant impact on weather and climate. By understanding the direction, speed, and gustiness of wind, climatologists can analyze and predict weather patterns, study atmospheric circulation, and assess the potential impact of wind on various ecosystems and human activities.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What is obtained by dividing each wind observation into components, making a summation for a given period, and then obtaining averages and converting components into a single vector?
- A.
Summation winds
- B.
Vectorial average.
- C.
Wind gust potential
- D.
Wind size
Correct Answer
B. Vectorial average.Explanation
The process described in the question involves dividing each wind observation into components, summing them for a given period, and then obtaining averages. Finally, the components are converted into a single vector. This process is known as finding the vectorial average.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What two factors influence the angle at which the sun’s rays reach the earth and the number of sun hours each day?
- A.
Distance and season
- B.
Time and date
- C.
Cloud cover and sung angle
- D.
Rain or shine
Correct Answer
A. Distance and seasonExplanation
The angle at which the sun's rays reach the earth and the number of sun hours each day are influenced by two factors: distance and season. The distance between the sun and the earth affects the angle at which the rays reach the earth's surface. When the earth is closer to the sun, the rays are more direct and the angle is steeper, resulting in more sun hours. Conversely, when the earth is farther from the sun, the rays are less direct and the angle is shallower, resulting in fewer sun hours. Additionally, the season also plays a role in the angle of the sun's rays, as the earth's tilt changes throughout the year.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Typically how much sunlight does a station near the equator receive?
- A.
12 hours
- B.
6 hours
- C.
8 hours
- D.
16 hours
Correct Answer
A. 12 hoursExplanation
A station near the equator typically receives 12 hours of sunlight. This is because the equator is located at 0 degrees latitude, where the sun is directly overhead at noon. As the Earth rotates on its axis, each point on the equator experiences 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness. This is in contrast to locations farther from the equator, where the length of daylight varies throughout the year.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What is the effect of land and water distribution on air circulation in the Northern Hemisphere?
- A.
Creates high and low centers
- B.
Creates the seasons
- C.
Creates the summer weather
- D.
Creates winter weather
Correct Answer
A. Creates high and low centersExplanation
The correct answer is that land and water distribution in the Northern Hemisphere creates high and low centers. This is because the differential heating of land and water causes variations in air temperature, which in turn leads to the formation of areas of high pressure and areas of low pressure. These pressure systems then drive the movement of air, resulting in the circulation patterns that we observe in the atmosphere.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which mountains prevent polar air masses from moving southward?
- A.
The Rockies and the Alps
- B.
The Himalayas and the Rockies
- C.
The Himalayas and the Alps.
- D.
The Chinese Ing Dun Range and the Swiss Matterhorn
Correct Answer
C. The Himalayas and the Alps.Explanation
The Himalayas and the Alps prevent polar air masses from moving southward. These mountain ranges act as barriers, blocking the cold air from moving further south. The height and location of these mountains create a physical obstruction that forces the air masses to either move around or over them, resulting in a limited southward movement. The Rockies and the Chinese Ing Dun Range mentioned in the other options are not significant barriers for polar air masses in the same way as the Himalayas and the Alps.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which sides of mountains receive the greatest amount of precipitation?
- A.
Leeward sides
- B.
South side
- C.
Windward sides
- D.
North side
Correct Answer
C. Windward sidesExplanation
The windward sides of mountains receive the greatest amount of precipitation. When air is forced to rise over a mountain, it cools and condenses, leading to the formation of clouds and precipitation. As the air descends on the leeward side, it becomes drier and loses much of its moisture, resulting in less precipitation. Thus, the windward side, where the air is forced to rise, experiences more rainfall compared to the leeward side.Rate this question:
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- 12.
How are high pressures systems displaced in the southern hemisphere during the summer?
- A.
Northward
- B.
Southward
- C.
Eastward
- D.
Westward
Correct Answer
B. SouthwardExplanation
During the summer in the southern hemisphere, high pressure systems are displaced southward. This is because as the sun moves closer to the southern hemisphere, it heats the air, causing it to rise and creating a low-pressure area. As a result, the air from the higher pressure system moves towards the lower pressure area, causing the high pressure system to shift southward.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What mainly causes ocean currents?
- A.
Frictional effects of the wind
- B.
Precipitation
- C.
Deep underwater swells
- D.
Tectonic movement
Correct Answer
A. Frictional effects of the windExplanation
Ocean currents are mainly caused by the frictional effects of the wind. As the wind blows over the surface of the ocean, it creates friction, which in turn generates movement in the water. This movement creates currents that can flow for thousands of kilometers and have a significant impact on global climate patterns. The wind's force and direction play a crucial role in determining the direction and strength of ocean currents. Other factors such as temperature, salinity, and the Earth's rotation also influence ocean currents, but the primary driving force is the frictional effects of the wind.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What is the basic cause for deflection of ocean currents and air?
- A.
Mountain ranges
- B.
Differential Heating
- C.
Coriolis Force
- D.
Ocean dynamics
Correct Answer
C. Coriolis ForceExplanation
The Coriolis force is the basic cause for the deflection of ocean currents and air. It is a result of the rotation of the Earth, causing moving objects to be deflected to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere. This force influences the direction of winds and ocean currents, leading to their deflection from their original path.Rate this question:
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- 15.
What is upwelling?
- A.
Upwelling is the process by which the colder subsurface waters are brought to the top of the ocean
- B.
Upwelling is the process by which the warmer subsurface waters are brought to the top of the ocean
- C.
Upwelling is the process by which the colder subsurface waters are brought to the bottom of the ocean
- D.
Upwelling is the process by which ocean currents are brought to the top of the ocean
Correct Answer
A. Upwelling is the process by which the colder subsurface waters are brought to the top of the oceanExplanation
Upwelling refers to the process in which colder subsurface waters are brought to the top of the ocean. This process is important as it brings nutrient-rich waters from the deep ocean to the surface, supporting the growth of phytoplankton and subsequently leading to increased productivity in marine ecosystems. The upwelling of colder waters also has a significant impact on the temperature and climate of coastal regions.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Where does upwelling normally occur in the Northern Hemisphere?
- A.
The west coast
- B.
The east coast
- C.
The gulf coast
- D.
Rivers and lakes
Correct Answer
A. The west coastExplanation
Upwelling normally occurs on the west coast of the Northern Hemisphere. This is because of the prevailing wind patterns and the rotation of the Earth. The winds blow parallel to the coastline, pushing the surface waters away from the coast. This creates a gap that allows the cold, nutrient-rich waters from the deep ocean to rise up and replace the surface waters. This upwelling of cold water brings nutrients to the surface, supporting the growth of phytoplankton and creating a productive marine ecosystem.Rate this question:
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- 17.
How fast do the currents of the Gulf Stream system move?
- A.
55–75 miles per day or 5–9 knots
- B.
55–105 miles per day or 10–15 knots
- C.
35–45 miles per day or 3–6 knots
- D.
25–75 miles per day or 1–3 knots
Correct Answer
D. 25–75 miles per day or 1–3 knotsExplanation
The currents of the Gulf Stream system move at a speed of 25–75 miles per day or 1–3 knots.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What portion of the Gulf Stream system does the Gulf Stream make up?
- A.
Middle
- B.
Beginning
- C.
End
- D.
Makes the entire system
Correct Answer
A. MiddleExplanation
The Gulf Stream makes up the middle portion of the Gulf Stream system. This suggests that there are other parts of the system that come before and after the Gulf Stream.Rate this question:
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- 19.
What is the effect of the North Atlantic Current on the climate of northwestern Europe?
- A.
Causes the climate to be much colder than ordinarily expected
- B.
Causes the climate to be much milder than ordinarily expected
- C.
Causes the climate to be much hotter than ordinarily expected
- D.
Does nto affect the climate there
Correct Answer
B. Causes the climate to be much milder than ordinarily expectedExplanation
The North Atlantic Current has a significant impact on the climate of northwestern Europe by causing it to be much milder than expected. This is because the current brings warm water from the Gulf Stream to the region, which helps to moderate the temperatures. Without this current, the climate in northwestern Europe would be much colder. The North Atlantic Current also contributes to the high precipitation levels in the area, as it brings moisture from the tropics. Overall, the North Atlantic Current plays a crucial role in creating the relatively mild and wet climate of northwestern Europe.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Where does the North Equatorial Current originate?
- A.
The western coast of Northern America
- B.
The western coast of Central America
- C.
The western coast of South East America
- D.
The western coast of Modern America
Correct Answer
B. The western coast of Central AmericaExplanation
The North Equatorial Current originates from the western coast of Central America. This current is a warm ocean current that flows eastward across the Pacific Ocean. It is part of the global system of ocean currents known as the North Pacific Gyre. The North Equatorial Current is driven by the trade winds and helps to distribute warm water from the tropics towards the western coast of North America.Rate this question:
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- 21.
What North Atlantic current/system is similar to the Kuroshio system?
- A.
The Gulf Stream system.
- B.
The North Atlantic system
- C.
The East Coast system
- D.
The Middle Atlantic system
Correct Answer
A. The Gulf Stream system.Explanation
The Gulf Stream system is similar to the Kuroshio system. Both are warm ocean currents that flow in the same direction (from south to north) and have a significant impact on the climate of the regions they pass through. The Gulf Stream system is located in the North Atlantic, just like the Kuroshio system is located in the North Pacific. Both currents play a crucial role in transporting heat from the tropics towards higher latitudes, influencing weather patterns and marine ecosystems along their paths.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Name the branches into which the Kuroshio system divides.
- A.
Kuroshio Extension, Kuroshio Flow, and the North Pacific Current.
- B.
Kuroshio Current, the Kuroshio Extension, and the North Pacific Current.
- C.
Kuroshio Current and the Kuroshio Extension
- D.
Kuroshio Extension, and the North Pacific Current.
Correct Answer
B. Kuroshio Current, the Kuroshio Extension, and the North Pacific Current.Explanation
The Kuroshio system divides into three branches: the Kuroshio Current, the Kuroshio Extension, and the North Pacific Current.Rate this question:
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- 23.
What causes the ocean currents in the northern Indian Ocean to reverse directions between the February/March and August/September time frames?
- A.
Monsoonal flow
- B.
Ocean currents
- C.
Unequal heating
- D.
Earths rotation
Correct Answer
A. Monsoonal flowExplanation
The ocean currents in the northern Indian Ocean reverse directions between the February/March and August/September time frames due to monsoonal flow. Monsoonal flow refers to the seasonal wind patterns that occur in the region. During the winter months, the northeast monsoon blows from land to sea, causing the ocean currents to flow in a certain direction. However, during the summer months, the southwest monsoon blows from sea to land, causing the ocean currents to reverse their direction. This change in wind patterns and the resulting monsoonal flow is responsible for the reversal of ocean currents in the northern Indian Ocean.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What is the effect of a forest on local temperatures?
- A.
Lower maximums and higher minimums
- B.
Higher maximums and lower minimums
- C.
There is no noticeable effect
- D.
More precipitation annually
Correct Answer
A. Lower maximums and higher minimumsExplanation
Forests have a moderating effect on local temperatures. During the day, the trees provide shade and evaporative cooling, which leads to lower maximum temperatures. At night, the dense tree cover traps heat and prevents it from escaping, resulting in higher minimum temperatures. This combination of lower maximums and higher minimums is the effect of a forest on local temperatures.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Name the five basic climatic zones.
- A.
The Torrid (or Tropical) Zone, the two Temperate Zones, and the two Polar Zones (or Frigid Zones).
- B.
The Torro (or Extratropical) Zone, the two Temperate Zones, and the two Polar Zones (or Frigid Zones).
- C.
The Torrid (or Tropical) Zone, the two Moderate Zones, and the two Polar Zones (or Frigid Zones).
- D.
The Torrid (or Tropical) Zone, the two Temperate Zones, and the two Frozen Zones (or Freezing Zones).
Correct Answer
A. The Torrid (or Tropical) Zone, the two Temperate Zones, and the two Polar Zones (or Frigid Zones).Explanation
The correct answer is The Torrid (or Tropical) Zone, the two Temperate Zones, and the two Polar Zones (or Frigid Zones). This answer accurately identifies the five basic climatic zones. The Torrid Zone, also known as the Tropical Zone, is characterized by high temperatures and abundant rainfall. The two Temperate Zones have moderate temperatures and distinct seasons. The two Polar Zones, also known as the Frigid Zones, are located near the North and South Poles and have extremely cold temperatures.Rate this question:
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- 26.
What are the climatic elements upon which Köppen’s classifications are based?
- A.
Temperature, precipitation amounts, and season of maximum precipitation
- B.
Precipitation amounts, and season of maximum precipitation
- C.
Temperature and precipitation amounts
- D.
Temperature, precipitation amounts, and angle of inclination
Correct Answer
A. Temperature, precipitation amounts, and season of maximum precipitationExplanation
Köppen's classifications are based on temperature, precipitation amounts, and season of maximum precipitation. This means that when categorizing climates, Köppen considers the average temperature, the amount of precipitation throughout the year, and the specific season in which precipitation is highest. These three factors help determine the different climate types and subtypes in Köppen's classification system.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Describe the main difference in the basis of Köppen’s and Thornthwaite’s climatic classifications
- A.
Thornthwaite’s classification considers temperature.
- B.
Thornthwaite’s classification does not consider temperature.
- C.
Thornthwaite’s classification does not consider precipitation.
- D.
Thornthwaite’s classification does not consider elevation
Correct Answer
B. Thornthwaite’s classification does not consider temperature.Explanation
Thornthwaite's climatic classification differs from Koeppen's classification in that it does not take temperature into consideration. While Koeppen's classification system considers both temperature and precipitation as the main factors for classifying climates, Thornthwaite's system focuses solely on precipitation. This means that Thornthwaite's classification does not account for variations in temperature when categorizing climates, making it distinct from Koeppen's approach.Rate this question:
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- 28.
On what climatic classification system did Trewartha base his own classification system?
- A.
Köppen.
- B.
Hagen
- C.
Strauss
- D.
Bidens
Correct Answer
A. Köppen.Explanation
Trewartha based his own classification system on the Köppen climatic classification system.Rate this question:
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- 29.
What are the two temperature indexes that forecasters calculate?
- A.
Equivalent chill temperature and heat index.
- B.
Temperature and Dew Point
- C.
Max and Minimum
- D.
Showalters Index and Stability Index
Correct Answer
A. Equivalent chill temperature and heat index.Explanation
Forecasters calculate two temperature indexes: equivalent chill temperature and heat index. The equivalent chill temperature takes into account both the air temperature and wind speed to determine how cold it feels outside. The heat index, on the other hand, factors in both the air temperature and relative humidity to calculate how hot it feels. These indexes provide valuable information for individuals to understand the potential effects of weather conditions on their comfort and well-being.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The average or collective state of the earth’s atmosphere at any given location or area within a specified period is known as
- A.
Climate
- B.
Aerology.
- C.
Climatology.
- D.
Meteorology
Correct Answer
A. ClimateExplanation
Climate refers to the long-term average weather conditions in a specific area or location. It takes into account various factors such as temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind patterns, and atmospheric conditions. Unlike weather, which can change from day to day, climate represents the overall patterns and trends over a longer period of time. Therefore, the correct answer is climate.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Descriptive climatology usually deals with
- A.
Geographic regions.
- B.
General circulation characteristics
- C.
The day-to-day changes in the atmosphere
- D.
The physical processes influencing the climate
Correct Answer
A. Geographic regions.Explanation
Descriptive climatology typically focuses on studying and understanding the climate patterns and characteristics of different geographic regions. It involves analyzing the long-term climate data, such as temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, and other climate variables, specific to different areas on the Earth's surface. By examining the climate of different regions, scientists can identify and describe the unique climatic features and variations that exist across the globe. This information is crucial for understanding the spatial distribution of climate and its impacts on various aspects of the environment, ecosystems, and human activities.Rate this question:
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- 32.
The temperature of an area depends on latitude, distribution of incoming and outgoing radiation, nature of the surface (land or water), altitude, and
- A.
Prevailing winds.
- B.
Vegetation and human activities.
- C.
Annual amount of precipitation.
- D.
Semipermanent pressure systems.
Correct Answer
A. Prevailing winds.Explanation
Prevailing winds can significantly impact the temperature of an area. Winds can bring in air masses from different regions, which can have different temperatures. For example, winds blowing from a warm region can increase the temperature of an area, while winds blowing from a cold region can lower the temperature. Additionally, winds can affect the distribution of heat by causing mixing and convection, which can further influence the temperature. Therefore, prevailing winds play a crucial role in determining the temperature of an area.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which climatic element is an important factor in the formation of fog over bodies of water?
- A.
Temperature.
- B.
Evaporation.
- C.
Condensation.
- D.
Precipitation.
Correct Answer
B. Evaporation.Explanation
Evaporation is the correct answer because it is the process by which water changes from a liquid to a gas. When the temperature of the water is higher than the air temperature, evaporation occurs, leading to the formation of water vapor. In the case of fog formation over bodies of water, the warm water evaporates into the cool air, causing the water vapor to condense and form fog. Therefore, evaporation is an important climatic element in the formation of fog over bodies of water.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which climatic element becomes especially important in desert areas?
- A.
Winds
- B.
Evaporation
- C.
Temperature
- D.
Condensation
Correct Answer
D. CondensationExplanation
In desert areas, where water is scarce, condensation becomes especially important. Condensation is the process by which water vapor in the air turns into liquid water, forming clouds or dew. In desert environments, where the air is extremely dry, condensation plays a crucial role in providing moisture for plants and animals to survive. It is through condensation that water is replenished in these arid regions, making it a vital climatic element in desert areas.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Which is a vectorial average?
- A.
Maximum wind gusts.
- B.
The resultant wind.
- C.
The average wind speed.
- D.
Prevailing wind direction.
Correct Answer
B. The resultant wind.Explanation
The vectorial average refers to the resultant wind, which is the combination of both the wind speed and direction. It takes into account the magnitude and direction of the wind to determine the overall effect. The maximum wind gusts, average wind speed, and prevailing wind direction are all important factors in understanding the wind patterns, but they do not represent the vectorial average as they only provide partial information about the wind.Rate this question:
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- 36.
The most commonly used climatological parameter is the
- A.
Absolute.
- B.
Extreme.
- C.
Normal.
- D.
Mean.
Correct Answer
D. Mean.Explanation
The most commonly used climatological parameter is the mean. The mean represents the average value of a given climatic variable over a specific period of time, such as temperature or precipitation. It provides a measure of central tendency and helps to understand the typical or average conditions of a particular climate. The mean is widely used in climate studies and is essential for comparing and analyzing climatic data across different regions and time periods.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The extreme highest and lowest values for any given meteorological element recorded at a place of observation is known as the
- A.
Mean.
- B.
Normal.
- C.
Extreme.
- D.
Absolute.
Correct Answer
D. Absolute.Explanation
The extreme highest and lowest values for any given meteorological element recorded at a place of observation are known as the absolute values. These values represent the maximum and minimum values that have been recorded for that particular element, such as temperature or precipitation, at that specific location. The absolute values provide important information about the range of variability in the meteorological conditions at a specific place.Rate this question:
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- 38.
The highest and lowest value for any given meteorological element that has occurred over a particular period is known as the
- A.
Mean.
- B.
Normal.
- C.
Extreme.
- D.
Absolute.
Correct Answer
C. Extreme.Explanation
The highest and lowest value for any given meteorological element that has occurred over a particular period refers to the extreme values. These extreme values represent the upper and lower limits of the element's measurements during that specific time frame. The mean refers to the average value, while normal refers to the typical or expected value. Absolute does not accurately describe the concept of highest and lowest values.Rate this question:
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- 39.
What are the two types of frequency distributions?
- A.
Standard and mean.
- B.
Primary and secondary.
- C.
Random and probability.
- D.
Continuous and discrete.
Correct Answer
D. Continuous and discrete.Explanation
The two types of frequency distributions are continuous and discrete. Continuous frequency distributions are used when the data can take on any value within a certain range, such as measurements on a scale. Discrete frequency distributions are used when the data can only take on specific values, such as counting the number of occurrences of something. These two types of frequency distributions are used to organize and analyze data in different ways depending on the nature of the data being studied.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Thunderstorm occurrences are an example of
- A.
Finite data.
- B.
Absolute data.
- C.
Discrete data.
- D.
Continuous data.
Correct Answer
C. Discrete data.Explanation
Thunderstorm occurrences can be counted and measured as separate events. Each thunderstorm is distinct and separate from others, making it an example of discrete data. It is not continuous data because it does not exist as a continuous, uninterrupted flow. It is also not absolute data because it is not a fixed, unchanging value.Rate this question:
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- 41.
The most common value in a frequency distribution is known as the
- A.
Mode.
- B.
Mean.
- C.
Median.
- D.
Standard.
Correct Answer
A. Mode.Explanation
The most common value in a frequency distribution is known as the mode. The mode represents the value that occurs most frequently in a dataset. It is a measure of central tendency that helps identify the most typical or representative value in a distribution. Unlike the mean, which is the average of all values, or the median, which is the middle value, the mode focuses on the value that occurs with the highest frequency.Rate this question:
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- 42.
The type of deviation used most often in meteorological studies is the
- A.
Mean deviation.
- B.
Random deviation.
- C.
Finite deviation.
- D.
Standard deviation.
Correct Answer
D. Standard deviation.Explanation
Standard deviation is the most commonly used type of deviation in meteorological studies. It is a statistical measure that quantifies the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of data. In meteorology, standard deviation is used to analyze and interpret the variability of weather parameters such as temperature, precipitation, wind speed, and atmospheric pressure. It provides valuable insights into the average conditions and the range of fluctuations around the mean value, helping meteorologists understand and predict weather patterns more accurately.Rate this question:
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- 43.
The climate of a region is impacted most by
- A.
Latitude.
- B.
Altitude.
- C.
Ocean currents.
- D.
Mountain barriers.
Correct Answer
A. Latitude.Explanation
The climate of a region is impacted most by latitude because it determines the amount of solar radiation received. As latitude increases, the angle at which the sunlight hits the Earth's surface becomes more oblique, resulting in less concentrated heat. This leads to cooler temperatures in higher latitudes and warmer temperatures in lower latitudes. Additionally, latitude affects the length of daylight hours, which influences the amount of heat absorbed and the duration of seasons.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Coastal areas take on the temperature characteristics of the land or water
- A.
To their leeward side.
- B.
To their windward side.
- C.
That has the highest average temperature.
- D.
That the current air mass was formed over.
Correct Answer
B. To their windward side.Explanation
Coastal areas take on the temperature characteristics of the land or water to their windward side. This means that the temperature of the coastal area is influenced by the temperature of the land or water that is located upwind or facing the coast. The windward side refers to the side of the coast that is facing the prevailing wind direction. The air mass that is carried by the wind from the windward side affects the temperature of the coastal area.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Why is the mean temperature of the Northern Hemisphere higher than that of the Southern Hemisphere?
- A.
There is more land in the Northern Hemisphere.
- B.
Oceans in the Northern Hemisphere are warmer.
- C.
Oceans of the Northern Hemisphere are more protected from cold polar waters by land barriers.
- D.
It is higher for all these reasons.
Correct Answer
D. It is higher for all these reasons.Explanation
The mean temperature of the Northern Hemisphere is higher than that of the Southern Hemisphere because of multiple reasons. Firstly, there is more land in the Northern Hemisphere, which tends to heat up more quickly than water. Secondly, the oceans in the Northern Hemisphere are warmer, which contributes to the overall higher temperature. Lastly, the oceans of the Northern Hemisphere are more protected from cold polar waters by land barriers, preventing the cold temperatures from affecting the region as much. Therefore, the mean temperature is higher due to all of these factors combined.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Rome, Italy and New York City are at approximately the same latitude, yet Rome has a much milder winter climate. What factor is mostly responsible for this?
- A.
Prevailing westerlies
- B.
East-west orientation of the Alps.
- C.
North-south orientation of the Apennine Mountains.
- D.
Mediterranean Sea surrounding Italy on three sides.
Correct Answer
B. East-west orientation of the Alps.Explanation
The east-west orientation of the Alps is mostly responsible for Rome, Italy having a much milder winter climate compared to New York City. The Alps act as a barrier, blocking cold air masses from moving eastward into Italy. This results in warmer temperatures in Rome during the winter months.Rate this question:
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- 47.
What two general topographical features have the greatest affect on the climate of an area?
- A.
Altitude and mountain barriers.
- B.
Altitude and proximity to large bodies of water.
- C.
Vegetation and proximity to large bodies of water.
- D.
Mountain barriers and proximity to large bodies of water.
Correct Answer
A. Altitude and mountain barriers.Explanation
Altitude and mountain barriers have the greatest affect on the climate of an area. Altitude refers to the height above sea level, and as altitude increases, the temperature decreases. This is because the air becomes thinner and cannot hold as much heat. Mountain barriers can block the movement of air masses, causing them to rise and cool, leading to the formation of clouds and precipitation on the windward side of the mountains. Additionally, mountains can create rain shadows, where the leeward side of the mountains experiences drier conditions. Therefore, altitude and mountain barriers play a significant role in shaping the climate of an area.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Which pressure centers are the major climatic controls affecting climate?
- A.
Low-pressure centers.
- B.
High-pressure centers.
- C.
Migratory pressure centers.
- D.
Semipermanent pressure centers.
Correct Answer
D. Semipermanent pressure centers.Explanation
Semipermanent pressure centers are the major climatic controls affecting climate. Unlike migratory pressure centers which move and change, semipermanent pressure centers are more stable and have a significant influence on weather patterns and climate. These centers, such as the subtropical high-pressure systems and the subpolar low-pressure systems, play a crucial role in determining wind patterns, precipitation, and temperature distribution in different regions. They can result in the formation of specific climate zones, such as deserts or rainforests, and have a long-lasting impact on the overall climate of an area.Rate this question:
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- 49.
A secondary cause of the surface ocean currents is the
- A.
Topography of the ocean bottom.
- B.
Gravitational attraction of the moon and sun.
- C.
Differences in the mean water level of the world’s oceans.
- D.
Density differences due to salinity and temperature variations.
Correct Answer
D. Density differences due to salinity and temperature variations.Explanation
The correct answer is density differences due to salinity and temperature variations. Surface ocean currents are primarily driven by the wind, but density differences also play a role. When water becomes denser due to higher salinity or lower temperature, it sinks and creates a vertical movement known as upwelling. This movement can then generate horizontal currents as water flows from areas of higher density to lower density. Salinity and temperature variations create these density differences, which contribute to the formation of surface ocean currents.Rate this question:
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- 50.
What are the two fastest ocean currents in the Northern Hemisphere?
- A.
Gulf Stream and the Florida Current.
- B.
Kuroshio System and the Gulf Stream.
- C.
Antilles Current and the Kuroshio System.
- D.
North Equatorial Current and the Antilles Current.
Correct Answer
B. Kuroshio System and the Gulf Stream.Explanation
The Kuroshio System and the Gulf Stream are the two fastest ocean currents in the Northern Hemisphere. The Kuroshio System, also known as the Japan Current, is a warm current that flows along the eastern coast of Japan at a speed of about 3-4 knots. The Gulf Stream is a powerful warm current that originates in the Gulf of Mexico and flows along the eastern coast of the United States at a speed of about 4-5 knots. These currents play a significant role in redistributing heat and influencing climate patterns in their respective regions.Rate this question:
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Mar 19, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Apr 07, 2014Quiz Created by
JonTheKnight
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