Heredity And Evolution Quiz

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  • 1/10 Questions

    What is the main genetic material in humans?

    • DNA
    • RNA
    • Protein
    • Carbohydrate
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About This Quiz


Heredity and evolution are fundamental concepts in biology, helping us understand how traits are passed down and how life adapts over time. The Heredity and Evolution Quiz tests your knowledge of essential topics such as genetic inheritance, DNA, natural selection, and the mechanisms of evolution.

If you are exploring Mendel’s laws or Darwin’s theory of evolution, this heredity and evolution class 10 quiz provides an academic approach to learning. It includes thoughtfully designed questions to help students and science enthusiasts reinforce their understanding of this fascinating subject.

Heredity And Evolution Quiz - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Which scientist is known as the Father of Genetics?

    • Gregor Mendel

    • Charles Darwin

    • Jean-Baptiste Lamarck

    • Hugo de Vries

    Correct Answer
    A. Gregor Mendel
    Explanation
    Gregor Mendel is known as the Father of Genetics due to his foundational work in studying inheritance patterns. Mendel’s experiments with pea plants led him to discover the principles of heredity, including the laws of segregation and independent assortment. His work demonstrated how traits are passed from one generation to the next through dominant and recessive alleles. Mendel's studies, though not recognized during his lifetime, laid the groundwork for modern genetics. His experiments proved that traits are inherited independently and can be predicted based on the combination of alleles in offspring.

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  • 3. 

    Which of the following determines the sex of a human baby?

    • X chromosome in mother

    • Y chromosome in father

    • Autosomes in parents

    • Number of chromosomes

    Correct Answer
    A. Y chromosome in father
    Explanation
    The sex of a human baby is determined by the combination of sex chromosomes inherited from the parents. Females have two X chromosomes (XX), while males have one X and one Y chromosome (XY). The father determines the baby’s sex because the sperm carries either an X or a Y chromosome. If the sperm carries an X chromosome, the child will be female (XX). If the sperm carries a Y chromosome, the child will be male (XY). This chromosomal combination is the key factor in determining the biological sex of the offspring.

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  • 4. 

    Where did primitive man evolve?

    • Africa

    • America

    • Australia

    • Australia

    Correct Answer
    A. Africa
    Explanation
    Fossil evidence and genetic studies conclusively show that primitive humans evolved in Africa. The oldest known human fossils, such as those of Homo habilis and Homo erectus, have been unearthed in African regions, especially in the Rift Valley. Additionally, genetic studies, including mitochondrial DNA analysis, trace modern human ancestry back to Africa. These findings affirm that Africa is humanity's cradle, from which early humans migrated to populate other continents. Understanding this origin provides vital insights into human evolution and the interconnectedness of all populations.

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  • 5. 

    Who proposed the theory of natural selection?

    • Charles Darwin

    • Hugo de Vries

    • Gregor Johann Mendel

    • Jean Baptise Lamarck

    Correct Answer
    A. Charles Darwin
    Explanation
    Charles Darwin developed the theory of natural selection, explaining how species evolve by adapting to their environments. He proposed that organisms with advantageous traits have a higher chance of survival and reproduction. These beneficial traits become more common over generations, driving evolutionary changes. Darwin's observations during his voyage on the HMS Beagle, particularly on the Galápagos Islands, provided critical evidence for this theory. His work revolutionized biology, establishing evolution as a fundamental concept in understanding biodiversity.

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  • 6. 

    What does a Punnett square predict?

    • Mutation frequency

    • Genetic recombination

    • Offspring genotypes

    • Evolutionary changes

    Correct Answer
    A. Offspring genotypes
    Explanation
    A Punnett square is a tool used in genetics to predict the possible genetic outcomes of a cross between two individuals. It helps to determine the genotypes and phenotypes of offspring based on the alleles contributed by the parents. By organizing all possible allele combinations in a grid, the Punnett square reveals the probability of inheriting particular traits. This tool is essential for understanding Mendelian inheritance patterns, such as dominant and recessive traits, and it can be used to predict outcomes in single-gene crosses or more complex genetic scenarios.

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  • 7. 

    Mendel observed seven pairs of contrasting characters in Pisum sativum. Which of the following is not one of them?

    • Tall and dwarf

    • Yellow and green seed colour

    • Terminal and axial Flower

    • Smooth and rough stem

    Correct Answer
    A. Smooth and rough stem
    Explanation
    Mendel studied seven pairs of contrasting traits in Pisum sativum, such as tall and dwarf plants, yellow and green seed colors, and terminal and axial flowers. These traits were carefully chosen as they displayed clear dominant-recessive relationships, which helped Mendel develop the laws of inheritance. However, smooth and rough stems were not part of these seven traits. This distinction underscores Mendel's precision in selecting observable, heritable traits that follow predictable patterns, leading to his groundbreaking genetic discoveries.

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  • 8. 

    Which of the following alterations is inheritable?

    • An altered gene in sperm

    • An altered gene in testes

    • An altered gene in zygote

    • An altered gene in udder cell

    Correct Answer
    A. An altered gene in sperm
    Explanation
    Genetic material in sperm and eggs is directly involved in reproduction, meaning any alterations in these cells can be passed to the offspring. An altered gene in sperm, when combined with an egg during fertilization, forms a zygote, which carries the genetic information into the next generation. Changes in testes, zygotes, or somatic cells like udder cells do not contribute directly to heredity unless they influence germline cells. This principle forms the basis of genetic inheritance and is a cornerstone of understanding heredity mechanisms.

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  • 9. 

    In which type of inheritance are traits equally expressed in offspring?

    • Dominant

    • Codominance

    • Recessive

    • Intermediate inheritance

    Correct Answer
    A. Codominance
    Explanation
    Codominance occurs when both alleles in a gene pair are equally expressed in the phenotype of an organism. In codominance, neither allele is dominant or recessive; both contribute to the organism's traits. A common example is the ABO blood group system, where both A and B alleles are expressed in individuals with AB blood type. This is different from incomplete dominance, where traits blend, or traditional dominance, where one allele masks the effect of the other. Codominance results in a visible manifestation of both alleles in the organism’s phenotype.

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  • 10. 

    What does somatic gene therapy affect?

    • Affects sperm

    • Affects egg

    • Affects progeny

    • Affects body cell

    Correct Answer
    A. Affects body cell
    Explanation
    Somatic gene therapy involves altering or replacing defective genes in somatic (non-reproductive) cells to treat or manage diseases. Since this therapy targets body cells, its effects are limited to the treated individual and do not extend to their offspring. Unlike germline gene therapy, which impacts reproductive cells and can be inherited, somatic gene therapy focuses on correcting genetic issues within the individual, such as in organs or tissues. This distinction ensures ethical application without affecting the genetic composition of future generations.

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  • Feb 19, 2025
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Nov 29, 2013
    Quiz Created by
    Padasalai10S
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