4N051 Set B Vol 2

The correct answer is "abuser". In cases of sexual abuse of a child, the responsibility lies with the person who commits the abusive act, commonly referred to as the abuser. They are the ones who engage in inappropriate and harmful behavior towards the child, violating their rights and causing them harm. It is important to hold the abuser accountable for their actions and take measures to protect and support the child who has been abused.

When performing a neurological check on a patient, evaluating the pupils to be equal, round, and reactive to light and accommodation indicates an appropriate response to light being flashed on the patient's eyes. This examination assesses the normal functioning of the pupillary reflex, which involves the constriction of the pupils in response to light stimulation. The equal and round shape of the pupils indicates symmetry, while their reactivity to light and accommodation demonstrates normal neurological function.

Based on the given scenario, the correct answer is to inform the nurse that the patient is at risk for falling. This is the appropriate course of action because dizziness and instability could indicate a potential fall risk for the patient. By informing the nurse, they can take necessary precautions such as providing assistance or implementing safety measures to prevent falls. Checking the patient's medication for side effects is also a valid consideration, but informing the nurse is the immediate action required to address the patient's current condition.

If you notice a child you are taking care of showing signs of abuse such as burns and bruises, you should report the suspected abuse. It is important to take action and report any suspected abuse to the appropriate authorities to ensure the safety and well-being of the child.

Preoperative teaching is a way to help relieve most of the patient's concerns prior to surgery. By providing information and education about the procedure, potential risks and complications, and what to expect during the recovery process, patients can feel more informed and prepared. This can help alleviate anxiety and fear, enabling them to make informed decisions and feel more confident about the surgery.

The professionalism and caring attitude of healthcare providers have a significant impact on the patient's perceived quality of care and treatment. When healthcare professionals demonstrate professionalism, they adhere to ethical standards, maintain competence, and communicate effectively with patients. A caring attitude involves showing empathy, compassion, and respect towards patients, which can greatly enhance their overall experience and satisfaction with the care they receive. These qualities contribute to building trust and confidence in healthcare providers, ultimately influencing how patients perceive the quality of their care and treatment.

The responsibility of a medical technician during a routine patient admissions to a nursing unit would be to obtain the patient's vital signs, height, and weight. This information is crucial for assessing the patient's overall health and determining appropriate treatment plans. The medical technician would use specific tools and techniques to accurately measure and record these vital signs, height, and weight, which would then be used by the medical team for further evaluation and diagnosis.

Platelets are the component of blood that is involved in the clotting process. When there is an injury, platelets gather at the site and form a plug to stop bleeding. They release chemicals that attract more platelets and help in the formation of a clot. This clotting process is essential for preventing excessive bleeding and promoting wound healing. Leukocytes are involved in the immune response, packed cells are red blood cells, and anticoagulants are substances that prevent blood from clotting.

The patient's feelings of being unloved, unneeded, inferior, and hurt may lead them to withdraw from social interactions and isolate themselves. They may feel a lack of motivation to engage with others due to their negative emotions and may prefer to be alone rather than risking further emotional pain. This behavior of withdrawal is a common response when individuals feel disconnected and unsupported.

Established daily rituals and routines provide a hospitalized child with a sense of control because they create a predictable and familiar environment. When a child knows what to expect each day, it gives them a sense of stability and allows them to feel more in control of their situation. These rituals and routines can include things like regular mealtimes, playtime, and bedtime, which help the child feel a sense of normalcy and security in the hospital setting.

When a child is experiencing nausea and vomiting, a primary concern would be dehydration. Nausea and vomiting can lead to fluid loss, which can quickly result in dehydration, especially in children who have smaller fluid reserves. Dehydration can be dangerous and can cause symptoms such as dry mouth, decreased urine output, fatigue, and dizziness. It is important to monitor the child's fluid intake and make sure they are adequately hydrated to prevent complications.

The reason "you have other tasks to do, and no time to sit with the child" is not appropriate for restraining a child because it prioritizes the caregiver's convenience over the child's safety and well-being. Restraining a child should only be considered when it is necessary for their immediate safety, such as when the physician needs to suture the child's face or to prevent the child from falling out of a highchair. The child continuing to climb out of bed in the night also poses a potential risk and may require appropriate measures to ensure their safety.

If an inpatient chart with doctor's orders for vital signs every 4 hours was blank for the day, the assumption would be that the vital signs were not completed. This is because the chart being blank indicates that no vital signs were recorded, which could be due to various reasons such as oversight, lack of availability of staff, or the patient's condition not requiring frequent monitoring. The other options, such as the patient being off the unit, doing well with no problems, or the doctor changing the orders verbally, do not provide a clear explanation for the absence of vital signs in the chart.

Orthopaedic deformities such as a clubfoot or wryneck are categorized as congenital. This means that these deformities are present at birth and are a result of abnormal development or formation of the bones, joints, muscles, or connective tissues. These deformities are not caused by an infection or disease, but rather occur during fetal development. They are typically present from birth and may require medical intervention or treatment to correct or manage.

A compulsion is a psychiatric term that refers to an irresistible urge to perform apparently meaningless actions. This term is commonly associated with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), where individuals feel compelled to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental rituals in order to alleviate anxiety or prevent a feared outcome. These actions may seem irrational or unnecessary to others, but they are driven by an overwhelming need to relieve distress.

Military personnel are commonly treated or hospitalized for traumatic injuries. This is because they are often exposed to high-risk situations and combat environments, which increase the likelihood of experiencing injuries such as fractures, dislocations, sprains, and strains. Traumatic injuries can result from various causes, including accidents, falls, explosions, and combat-related incidents. These injuries require medical intervention and orthopedic care to ensure proper diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation.

The healing time of a bone fracture is determined by various factors, including age, extent of injury, and circulation to the area. However, gender is not a determining factor for the healing time of a bone fracture. Both males and females have the ability to heal bone fractures at a similar rate, and gender does not play a significant role in the healing process.

Rehabilitation for a patient with a spinal cord injury is normally a life-long process because they do not fully recover. Spinal cord injuries often result in permanent damage and loss of function, requiring ongoing therapy and support to manage symptoms, improve mobility, and enhance overall quality of life. While some progress may be made in the initial months or years after the injury, the effects are typically long-lasting, necessitating lifelong rehabilitation efforts.

If a patient receiving a blood transfusion exhibits distended neck veins and dyspnea, it suggests a potential complication called transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO). TACO occurs when the volume of blood transfused exceeds the patient's circulatory capacity. To prevent further harm to the patient, the first step should be to stop the transfusion immediately. This will help mitigate the symptoms and prevent the condition from worsening.

A tourniquet is essential to have at the postoperative bedside after surgical amputation of a limb. A tourniquet is a device used to control bleeding by applying pressure to a limb. After amputation surgery, there is a risk of excessive bleeding, and a tourniquet can be used to quickly and effectively stop the bleeding if necessary. It is an important tool for managing postoperative complications and ensuring the patient's safety and well-being.

Preschool is the most stressful stage for separation anxiety because it typically occurs between the ages of 2 and 5. At this stage, children are still developing a sense of security and trust in their caregivers. They may experience distress and fear when separated from their parents or primary caregivers, as they are not yet confident in their ability to navigate the world independently. Preschoolers may exhibit clingy behavior, cry, or throw tantrums when faced with separation, making this stage the most challenging for both the child and their caregivers.

If a patient complains of soreness or aching, the most likely orthopedic problem would be muscular pain. Muscular pain is commonly caused by muscle strain, overuse, or injury. It is characterized by discomfort or soreness in the muscles and can be relieved with rest, stretching, and pain medication. Bone infection and malignant tumors typically present with different symptoms such as localized pain, swelling, and redness. Psychosomatic issues, on the other hand, refer to physical symptoms that are caused by psychological factors rather than a specific orthopedic problem.

The rehabilitation process begins as soon as the patient is admitted because early intervention is crucial for the treatment and recovery of mentally ill patients. Starting rehabilitation immediately allows for the implementation of appropriate therapies, medications, and support systems to address the patient's needs and improve their overall well-being. Delaying the rehabilitation process can lead to worsening symptoms, decreased motivation, and a longer recovery period. Therefore, initiating rehabilitation as soon as possible after admission is essential for the patient's successful rehabilitation journey.

The normal arterial oxygen saturation range is 95 to 98%. This means that the oxygen level in the arterial blood should ideally be between 95% and 98%. Oxygen saturation is a measure of how much oxygen is being carried by the red blood cells in the body. This range is considered normal and indicates that the body is effectively oxygenated.

When observing and reporting on a mentally ill patient, the most important factor to consider is their behavior. This is because behavior provides valuable insights into the patient's mental state, including any abnormal or concerning actions, reactions, or patterns of behavior. By closely observing and documenting their behavior, healthcare professionals can better understand the patient's condition, track their progress, and make informed decisions regarding their treatment and care.

Leaving the other patients to follow the escaping patient is not a recommended action because it compromises the safety and well-being of the other patients. The priority should be to ensure the safety of all patients, so it is important to stay with the other patients and provide necessary care and supervision while seeking help, describing the patient, and noting the direction in which the patient is heading.

An individual's feelings about themselves are primarily influenced by their self perception. This refers to how they see and evaluate themselves, including their beliefs, thoughts, and attitudes. Self perception plays a significant role in shaping one's self-esteem, self-worth, and overall self-image. While socioeconomic status, opinions of others, and job title may also have some impact on an individual's feelings about themselves, self perception is the most crucial factor as it reflects their own internal thoughts and evaluations of themselves.

The steps in the routine admission process are determined by the patient's condition and the facility policy. The patient's condition is important to assess the level of care and treatment required, while the facility policy dictates the specific procedures and protocols to be followed during the admission process. Both factors play a crucial role in ensuring that the patient receives appropriate care and that the facility operates efficiently and effectively.

The term "pass" in the context of a medical facility refers to allowing a patient to temporarily leave the facility for a short period of time, typically between 24 to 48 hours. This allows the patient to have a break or attend to personal matters outside of the facility while still being under the care and supervision of the medical staff. "Discharge" refers to the permanent release of a patient from the facility after their treatment is completed. "Subsisting elsewhere" and "absent without leave" do not accurately describe the temporary departure of a patient from a medical facility.

Corneal abrasions are detected using a fluorescein stain. This is because the stain is a fluorescent dye that can highlight any damaged areas on the cornea. When the stain is applied to the eye, it adheres to any areas where the corneal surface has been disrupted, such as in the case of an abrasion. This allows healthcare professionals to easily visualize and identify the presence of a corneal abrasion, aiding in diagnosis and treatment planning. X-rays, venograms, and angiograms are not typically used to detect corneal abrasions as they are imaging techniques that are more commonly used for other medical conditions.

A medical technician is responsible for completing various forms in their role. Two of the most common forms they are responsible for are the intake and output flow sheet and the vital signs record. The intake and output flow sheet is used to track the amount of fluids a patient consumes and excretes, which is important for assessing their overall health and hydration status. The vital signs record is used to document the patient's vital signs such as heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, and respiratory rate, which helps monitor their physiological condition. These forms provide valuable information for healthcare professionals to make informed decisions about the patient's care.

In the first stage of dying, individuals often experience denial. This is a defense mechanism where they refuse to accept the reality of their impending death or the loss of a loved one. Denial helps individuals cope with the overwhelming emotions and allows them time to gradually come to terms with the situation. It is a common reaction and can provide a temporary sense of control and protection from the pain.

Antiembolism stockings are compression stockings that are used to prevent blood clots in the legs. These stockings are typically worn to improve blood circulation and reduce the risk of deep vein thrombosis. However, there are times when they may need to be removed, such as for personal hygiene or during certain medical procedures. Without provider approval, the maximum time that antiembolism stockings may be removed is 30 minutes. This ensures that the stockings are not removed for an extended period of time, which could increase the risk of blood clots forming.

Phantom limb pain refers to the cramping, burning, or crushing pain experienced by amputees in their missing limb. This sensation is not physically present in the amputated limb but is perceived by the individual. It is considered a physiological phenomenon because it involves the body's nervous system and the brain's interpretation of signals from the amputated area. The pain is not solely psychological, as it is a real sensation experienced by the individual.

When caring for a patient with electrical burns, the first priority is the management of the patient's airway. Electrical burns can cause damage to the airway due to the heat generated during the injury. This can lead to swelling and obstruction of the airway, which can be life-threatening. Therefore, ensuring that the patient's airway is open and clear takes precedence over other actions such as applying sterile dressings or evaluating the extent of the burn.

Catering to the patient's customs can help stimulate their appetite because it allows them to eat foods that they are familiar with and enjoy. Elderly patients may have specific dietary preferences and restrictions based on their cultural background or personal habits. By respecting and incorporating these customs into their meals, it can increase their interest in eating and make the dining experience more enjoyable. This approach recognizes the importance of providing personalized care and ensuring that the patient feels comfortable and satisfied with their food choices.

Allowing patients to channel their hostility through verbal expression can be helpful in managing their anger and hostility. By providing a safe and controlled environment for patients to express their emotions verbally, it allows them to release their anger without resorting to physical aggression. This approach can help patients feel heard and understood, potentially deescalating their anger and facilitating communication between the patient and healthcare providers. It also provides an opportunity for healthcare professionals to assess and address any underlying issues contributing to the patient's anger.

Turning a patient on a Stryker frame quickly after a spinal cord injury can cause cardiac arrest due to the potential disruption of blood flow and oxygen supply to the heart. This sudden movement can lead to a sudden decrease in blood pressure, which can result in the heart not receiving enough blood and oxygen, leading to cardiac arrest.

A drawsheet is a sheet that is placed under the patient to facilitate movement, while a roller board is a device that allows for easy sliding of the patient from one surface to another. Therefore, using a drawsheet and a roller board together would be the most effective method for sliding a patient from a bed to a stretcher. A trapeze and a patient hoist are not specifically designed for this purpose and may not provide the same level of ease and safety during the transfer.

Applying a wet to dry dressing involves moistening the dressing with a sterile saline solution or wound cleanser and then placing it onto the wound. As the dressing dries, it adheres to the wound and any dead tissue or debris present in the wound bed is removed when the dressing is removed. This method is commonly used for debridement, as it helps to mechanically lift and remove necrotic tissue, promoting a cleaner wound bed for healing.

Elderly patients require less sleep at night because they tend to take frequent daytime naps. These naps compensate for the shorter duration of nighttime sleep. As people age, their sleep patterns often change, and they may experience difficulty staying asleep throughout the night. Therefore, they rely on daytime naps to make up for any sleep deficits. This is why the amount of sleep required at night by elderly patients is generally less than that of younger individuals.

Nursing interventions are actions taken by nurses to address the patient's healthcare needs and help them reach their goals effectively. These interventions are based on the nursing diagnosis, which identifies the patient's health problems and potential risks. Nursing skills are the abilities and knowledge that nurses possess to provide care, while charting refers to the documentation of patient information. However, nursing interventions specifically focus on implementing strategies and actions to promote the patient's well-being and achieve desired outcomes.

For a postoperative patient who received a radioisotope implant, isolation is necessary. This is because radioisotopes can emit radiation, which can be harmful to others. By placing the patient in isolation, the risk of exposing others to radiation is minimized. This precaution ensures the safety of both the patient and those around them.

During the acute stage of a stroke, the primary goal is to sustain life. This means ensuring that the patient's basic physiological functions are maintained and that they receive immediate medical attention to prevent further complications or death. Sustaining life involves providing necessary interventions such as maintaining a patent airway, ensuring adequate oxygenation and ventilation, stabilizing blood pressure, and providing appropriate medical treatment to address the underlying cause of the stroke. This goal takes precedence over other considerations such as stopping ischemia, maintaining mobility, or monitoring vital signs, as without sustaining life, these other goals become irrelevant.

Regression is the correct answer because when children lose their sense of control, they often revert back to behaviors and actions that they used when they were younger and felt more secure. This is known as regression. By regressing, children seek comfort and security in behaviors and actions that they used in the past, such as seeking attention, acting out, or becoming more dependent on others. Regression allows them to regain a sense of control and cope with the feelings of insecurity and loss of control.

Palpitation is the correct answer because it refers to the sensation of a jumping, pounding, or stopping of the heart within the chest, as described by the patient. This term is commonly used to describe an abnormal awareness of one's own heartbeat. It is important to note that palpitations can be caused by various factors, including stress, anxiety, caffeine, or certain medical conditions.

Emergence delirium refers to a state of confusion and agitation that can occur as a patient wakes up from anesthesia after surgery. It is characterized by behaviors such as restlessness, thrashing, and crying. This state is often caused by the effects of anesthesia wearing off and the brain trying to readjust. Extreme pain, hyperthermia, and electrolyte imbalance can also cause agitation, but emergence delirium is the most likely explanation in this case as it specifically occurs after surgery and during the recovery period.

A fracture that results from a disease, such as metastatic cancer of the bone, is referred to as a pathologic fracture. This type of fracture occurs when the bone is weakened by an underlying medical condition, making it more susceptible to breaking. In the case of metastatic cancer, the cancer cells spread to the bone and cause it to become fragile and prone to fractures. Therefore, a pathologic fracture is different from other types of fractures, such as hairline, congenital, or traumatic fractures, as it is specifically caused by a disease.

Personality refers to the unique set of characteristics, traits, behaviors, and patterns of thinking that define an individual. It encompasses both the internal and external aspects of a person's identity and influences how they perceive and interact with the world. While environment, character, and heredity also play a role in shaping an individual, personality specifically encompasses the combination of these factors that make each person distinct.

The correct answer is a standard form 518. When it comes to blood transfusions, it is important to document the procedure accurately for record-keeping purposes. A standard form 518 is commonly used in medical settings to document transfusions. This form allows healthcare professionals to record important information such as the patient's name, date and time of the transfusion, blood type, and any adverse reactions or complications that may occur. By using a standard form 518, healthcare providers can ensure that the transfusion process is properly documented and tracked for the patient's safety and medical records.