"The Soul Of The Great Bell"

The correct answer is Confucius because he is a famous Chinese philosopher and teacher who lived during the Spring and Autumn period. He is widely regarded as one of the most important figures in Chinese history and his teachings have had a significant influence on Chinese culture and society. His portrait is often depicted in a traditional Chinese style with a long beard and a wise expression, which matches the image shown in the question.

The explanation for the correct answer, "Present - Age Literature," is that the passage mentions that the literary scene has evolved since the establishment of the People's Republic in 1949. It states that there was a logjam during the Cultural Revolution, but that era is now long past and responsible writers are deepening the literary forms and content. This suggests that the passage is referring to the current literature being produced in the present age.

The correct answer is Plot. Plot refers to the sequence of events and character actions that drive the story and revolve around the central conflict. It includes the rising action, climax, and resolution, and is essential in shaping the narrative and keeping the audience engaged. Unlike the other options, which may contribute to the overall story, plot specifically focuses on the development and progression of the central conflict.

The correct answer is Classical Literature because the given statement mentions that it refers to the earliest period and covers works from three thousand years ago to the late Qing Dynasty. This implies that it includes literature from ancient times to the early modern period, which aligns with the definition of classical literature.

During this period, literature underwent significant changes, leading to the emergence of a new and revised literary language, form, content, and skills. These changes allowed literature to become independent and open, accessible to the entire society. The term "contemporary literature" encompasses all the developments and innovations that occurred during this period, making it the correct answer.

The Mandate of Heaven is the correct answer because it is a concept in ancient Chinese political philosophy that justified the rise and fall of dynasties. According to this belief, the ruler of China was chosen by the gods, and as long as the ruler governed with virtue and fairness, they would retain the Mandate of Heaven and have the right to rule. However, if a ruler became corrupt or incompetent, they would lose the Mandate of Heaven and a new dynasty would rise to power. This concept helped to explain the downfall of the Xia and Shang Dynasties and supported the legitimacy of present and future rulers.

The given correct answer is "Modern Literature." This refers to the period from the Opium War in 1840 to the May Fourth Movement in 1919. During this time, there was a significant shift in literary styles and themes, with writers exploring new ideas and experimenting with different forms of expression. This period marked the beginning of a more modern and progressive approach to literature in China.

The central idea or belief in a story refers to the main message or concept that the author is trying to convey. It is the underlying meaning or purpose behind the events and actions in the story. The theme encompasses the moral lesson, the golden rule, and the character's view, as it represents the broader concept or idea that ties all these elements together. Therefore, the correct answer is "Theme."

Confucianism is a comprehensive belief system that encompasses moral, social, political, philosophical, and quasi-religious ideas. It has had a significant impact on the culture and history of East Asia. Confucianism emphasizes the importance of social harmony, filial piety, respect for authority, and moral cultivation. It promotes ethical behavior, proper governance, and the ideal of the "gentleman." Confucianism's influence can be seen in various aspects of East Asian societies, including their political systems, educational practices, family values, and ethical norms.

Chang'an was the capital of the Tang Dynasty, one of the most prosperous and influential periods in Chinese history. As the capital, Chang'an served as the political, economic, and cultural center of the empire. It was a bustling city with a well-developed infrastructure, grand palaces, and numerous temples and markets. The Tang Dynasty is known for its advancements in arts, science, and technology, and Chang'an played a crucial role in fostering this cultural flourishing.

The given answer "Short Story" is the correct choice because it is the only option that fits the category of a work of fiction. A short story is a narrative prose fiction that is shorter in length compared to a novel. The other options listed, such as "Legend," "Ode," "Haiku," and "Tanka," do not fall under the category of a work of fiction. A legend is a traditional story or myth, an ode is a lyrical poem, and both haiku and tanka are forms of Japanese poetry. Therefore, "Short Story" is the most appropriate and logical answer.

Laozi is considered the founder of Daoism, also known as Taoism. Daoism is a philosophical and religious tradition that emphasizes living in harmony with the Dao, which can be translated as the "Way" or the "Path." Laozi is believed to have written the foundational text of Daoism, the Dao De Jing, which explores the concept of the Dao and provides guidance on how to live a virtuous and balanced life. His teachings had a significant influence on Chinese culture and continue to be studied and followed by many today.

Mozi is the correct answer because he is widely recognized as the founder of Mohism, an ancient Chinese philosophy. Mozi was a Chinese philosopher who lived during the 5th century BCE and was known for his teachings on universal love, impartiality, and the rejection of extravagant rituals. His philosophy emphasized practicality and social harmony, making him an influential figure in Chinese intellectual history. Han Feizi, on the other hand, was a prominent Legalist philosopher who lived during the same time period but had different beliefs and ideas.

The correct answer is "Book of Tang" because it is stated in the question that it is the first classic work about the Tang Dynasty. The other options do not match this description.

Li Po, Du Fu, and Bai Juyi are considered the three greatest poets of China. They are renowned for their contributions to Chinese literature and their impact on the development of Chinese poetry. Li Po, also known as Li Bai, is known for his romantic and lyrical poetry. Du Fu is recognized for his realistic and socially conscious poems. Bai Juyi, on the other hand, is celebrated for his versatile style and ability to capture a wide range of emotions in his poetry. Together, these three poets have left a lasting legacy in Chinese literature.

The Zhou Dynasty lasted longer than any other dynasty in Chinese history. It is known for its long reign of over 800 years, from 1046 BC to 256 BC. During this time, the Zhou Dynasty experienced significant political, social, and cultural developments, including the establishment of feudalism and the introduction of the Mandate of Heaven concept. The dynasty's longevity allowed for the development of various philosophical and religious schools, such as Confucianism and Taoism, which had a lasting impact on Chinese culture.

Ji is the correct answer because he is known as the founder of the Zhou Dynasty. The Zhou Dynasty was one of the longest-lasting dynasties in Chinese history, and Ji played a crucial role in establishing its rule. He was a descendant of the legendary sage king, Emperor Zhuanxu, and his successful overthrow of the Shang Dynasty marked the beginning of the Zhou Dynasty. Ji's leadership and contributions laid the foundation for the political, social, and cultural development of ancient China during the Zhou Dynasty.

The correct answer is Kong Qiu. Confucius, also known as Kong Qiu, was a Chinese philosopher and teacher who lived during the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history. He is widely regarded as one of the most important and influential figures in Chinese history and his teachings form the basis of Confucianism.

The correct answer is the Shang Dynasty. This dynasty was the second Chinese Dynasty after the Xia Dynasty. They ruled in the northeastern regions of China, specifically in the Yellow River valley. The Shang Dynasty is known for its bronze artifacts, oracle bone inscriptions, and advancements in agriculture and warfare.

Yinxu is the correct answer because Yinxu is an archaeological site in China where large stone pillar bases, along with rammed earth foundations and platforms, have been found. Yinxu is known for its historical significance as the capital of the late Shang dynasty and is recognized as one of the earliest and most important archaeological sites in China. The discovery of these stone pillar bases, along with other architectural features, provides valuable insights into the construction techniques and architectural style of the Shang dynasty.

Chang'an, also known as Xi'an, was the most populous city in the world during its time and is considered a pinnacle in Chinese civilization by historians. It was the capital of several Chinese dynasties, including the Tang Dynasty, and served as a major political, economic, and cultural center. Chang'an was renowned for its grand architecture, advanced infrastructure, and vibrant cultural life, making it a symbol of prosperity and sophistication in ancient China. Its significance in Chinese history and its status as the most populous city during its time make it the correct answer.

The Five Classics are a collection of ancient Chinese texts that were considered essential for a well-rounded education in traditional Chinese culture. They include the "Classic of Changes" (also known as the "Book of Changes" or "I Ching"), which is a divination text; the "Classic of Poetry" (also known as the "Book of Songs" or "Shijing"), which is a collection of ancient poems; the "Classic of Rites" (also known as the "Book of Rites" or "Liji"), which is a text on rituals and ceremonies; the "Classic of History" (also known as the "Book of Documents" or "Shujing"), which is a historical text; and the "Spring and Autumn Annals" (also known as the "Spring and Autumn" or "Chunqiu"), which is a chronicle of events during the Spring and Autumn period of Chinese history.

The Tang Dynasty is the correct answer because it was one of the most prosperous and influential dynasties in Chinese history. It lasted from 618 to 907 AD and is known for its advancements in art, literature, technology, and trade. The Tang Dynasty also had a strong central government and expanded China's territory through military conquests. It was a time of cultural and economic flourishing, with the capital city of Chang'an becoming a cosmopolitan center. The Tang Dynasty is often referred to as the "Golden Age" of China.

The correct answer is "Analects of Saying" because it accurately describes the content of the text. The Analects is a collection of sayings and teachings of Confucius, along with discussions and conversations that took place. It is not specifically focused on knowledge or China, so those options can be ruled out. "Analects of Knowledge" is similar to the correct answer, but "Analects of Saying" is a more precise and accurate description of the content.

Xunzi is considered the correct answer because he was a prominent philosopher during ancient China and played a significant role in shaping Chinese intellectual life. He was known for his teachings on ethical and moral principles, emphasizing the importance of self-cultivation and education. Xunzi's ideas were influential in Confucianism and had a lasting impact on Chinese culture and society.