MCQ for Class 11 Sociology

Explanation
Slums in urban areas denote overpopulation and migration. Slums are typically characterized by overcrowded and poorly maintained living conditions, which are often the result of rapid and unplanned urbanization. Overpopulation refers to the excessive number of people living in a specific area, while migration refers to the movement of people from one place to another. Slums are often formed when people migrate from rural areas to urban areas in search of better opportunities, leading to overcrowding and the development of informal settlements. Therefore, overpopulation and migration are the key factors that contribute to the existence of slums in urban areas.

Explanation
A framework for economic activity focused on trade is referred to as capitalism. Capitalism is an economic system in which individuals and businesses own and control the means of production. It is characterized by private ownership, free markets, and the pursuit of profit. In a capitalist system, trade plays a central role, as individuals and businesses engage in buying and selling goods and services to generate wealth. This system promotes competition and allows for the accumulation of capital, leading to economic growth and development.

Explanation
The correct answer is C.W. Mills. C.W. Mills is the author of "Sociological Imagination". He was a sociologist who introduced the concept of sociological imagination, which refers to the ability to understand the relationship between individual experiences and larger social structures. Mills believed that individuals should look beyond their personal troubles and connect them to broader social issues. His work has had a significant impact on the field of sociology.

Explanation
The study of sociology includes the examination and understanding of human social behavior. This field focuses on how individuals interact with each other, as well as the patterns and structures of social relationships. Sociology seeks to analyze and explain social phenomena, such as social institutions, culture, and social change. It explores the ways in which society influences individuals and how individuals contribute to the formation and functioning of society. Therefore, the correct answer is human social behavior.

Explanation
Questions on common sense knowledge lead to sociological knowledge because common sense knowledge refers to the basic understanding and practical wisdom that individuals acquire through their everyday experiences and interactions with others. Sociological knowledge, on the other hand, focuses on the study of society, social behavior, and social institutions. By examining common sense knowledge within a sociological framework, researchers can gain deeper insights into how social norms, values, and beliefs shape individuals' understanding of the world and their behavior within it. Therefore, questions on common sense knowledge can contribute to the development of sociological knowledge and understanding.

Explanation
The correct answer is urbanisation and factory production. This is because contemporary society is marked by the rapid growth of cities and urban areas, as well as the shift towards industrialization and mass production in factories. These two factors have significantly shaped the social, economic, and cultural landscape of modern society.

Explanation
Socialization refers to the process through which an individual learns and acquires the norms, values, beliefs, and behaviors of a particular society or group. It is the process by which a person joins society and becomes a functioning member of it. Through socialization, individuals learn how to interact with others, develop social skills, and internalize the cultural and societal expectations. It involves the transmission of knowledge, customs, and traditions from one generation to another, enabling individuals to adapt and fit into their social environment.

Explanation
Social roles refer to the rights and obligations that are associated with a person's social standing. These roles dictate the expected behavior, responsibilities, and interactions of individuals within a particular society or group. They encompass various aspects of life, such as family, work, community, and relationships. Social roles are essential for maintaining order and harmony within a society, as they provide individuals with a framework for understanding their place and purpose in the social structure. By fulfilling their social roles, individuals contribute to the functioning and stability of their community.

Explanation
Ethnocentrism is the tendency to view and judge other cultures based on the standards and values of one's own culture, often considering it superior. This can lead to a biased or limited understanding of diverse cultural practices and perspectives, hindering appreciation and cross-cultural communication.

Explanation
Culture refers to a particular manner of feeling and believing that is shared by a group of people. It encompasses their beliefs, values, customs, traditions, and behaviors. Culture is learned and passed down from generation to generation, shaping individuals' perspectives and influencing their interactions with others. It plays a crucial role in shaping people's identities and influencing their social norms and behaviors.