World History Exam

A theocracy is a government where religious leaders or institutions hold political power, ruling on behalf of a higher power or divine authority.

The Phoenician alphabet is significant because it laid the foundation for the development of the English alphabet we use today.

Sumerian civilization was organized into city-states, which were independent urban centers with surrounding agricultural territories. Each city-state had its own governmental structure and deity, making them the fundamental units of Sumerian society.

A patriarchal society is one in which men hold the primary power and roles of leadership, contrasting with a matriarchal society where women hold the majority of power. The term 'patriotic' refers to love and devotion to one's country, while 'autocratic' describes a system of government in which one person possesses unlimited power and authority.

The Akkadians were a Semitic people who lived north of the Sumerians. The Babylonians and Assyrians were also Semitic people in the region, but they were not specifically located north of the Sumerians. The Phoenicians, while also Semitic, were situated further north along the Mediterranean coast and not directly north of the Sumerians.

The abundance of food played a crucial role in enabling the emergence of civilization as it allowed for settled communities to form and develop social hierarchies.

During the Old Kingdom in Ancient Egypt, pyramids were constructed as elaborate tomb structures for pharaohs. Temples, castles, and aqueducts were not typically built during this time period for this specific purpose.

Polytheistic is the belief in multiple gods, Monotheistic is belief in one god, Atheistic is the lack of belief in gods, and Pantheistic is the belief that everything is god.

The Code of Hammurabi is a well-preserved Babylonian code of law, dating back to about 1754 BC. It is one of the earliest and most complete written legal codes, created by the Babylonian King Hammurabi.

The Persians, under famous rulers like Cyrus the Great and Darius the Great, created the Achaemenid Empire which spanned from Egypt to India. They divided their empire into satrapies to better govern its vast territories.

A theocracy is a form of government in which a deity is recognized as the supreme civil ruler, and the divine laws are interpreted by religious authorities. In contrast, an autocracy is ruled by a single individual with unlimited power, an oligarchy is ruled by a small group of people, and a democracy is ruled by the people through elected representatives.

The Persians were known for their advancements in iron technology, giving them an edge over other Indo-European groups at the time.

A theocracy is a form of government in which religious leaders or institutions hold political power, in contrast to an oligarchy (rule by a small group), autocracy (rule by a single individual), and democracy (rule by the people).

The Hittites were known for their use of terror tactics in warfare, striking fear into their enemies. While other civilizations may have engaged in warfare, the Hittites were particularly notorious for their use of terror.

The Phoenicians were known for their use of an alphabet with 22 signs, which served as the basis for many modern alphabets. The Sumerians, Egyptians, and Greeks also had complex writing systems but did not specifically use 22 signs like the Phoenicians.

The religion of the Israelites is Judaism, which originated in the Hebrew Bible and is practiced by Jewish people around the world.

The Sumerians are credited with being the creators of the first Mesopotamian civilization, known for their innovations in writing, architecture, and governance.

Cyrus the Great was the founder of the Persian Empire, not the ruler of the Sumerians, Greeks, or Egyptians.

An empire is a political unit or state that exerts control over many peoples or territories under the rule of a single leader. It is characterized by its expansive reach and centralized authority.

The Persian Empire's efficient communication system was largely due to the well-maintained roads and way stations that provided necessary support for officials traveling throughout the empire. Other methods like carrier pigeons, advanced telecommunication devices, and underground tunnels were not used or as effective during that time period.

Farming in ancient Mesopotamia was crucial as it led to the surplus of food production, which in turn allowed for the development of settled communities and eventually the emergence of complex civilizations.

Mummification is the process of preserving a dead body by drying it out to prevent decomposition. Embalming involves preserving a body by using chemicals, cremation is the burning of a body to ashes, and burial involves placing a body in the ground for decomposition to occur.

Cuneiform writing was developed by the ancient Sumerians in Mesopotamia around 3500 BC. It is considered one of the earliest forms of writing in human history.

Hammurabi is primarily remembered for his law code, which was a significant achievement in Mesopotamian society.

Cyrus the Great's wise and compassionate rule over Babylon earned him widespread acceptance and praise as a ruler.

The Akkadian Empire, founded by Sargon the Great, is considered the first empire in world history dating back to 2334 BC. The Roman Empire, Incan Empire, and Ottoman Empire were significant empires but not the first in history.