Respiratory System

The pulmonary parenchyma is the functional part of the lung involved in gas exchange, consisting of alveoli (small air sacs) and bronchioles (small airways).

The term 'phreno' refers to the diaphragm, which is a muscular membrane that separates the chest cavity from the abdominal cavity.

Hypoxemia specifically refers to low oxygen levels in the blood, while hypocapnia is low carbon dioxide levels, hypertension is high blood pressure, and hypothermia is low body temperature.

Pneumoconiosis is a group of lung diseases caused by inhalation of mineral dust particles, with each type being associated with different types of dust. Asbestosis specifically refers to lung disease caused by asbestos fibers, whereas Silicosis is caused by inhaling crystalline silica dust, Coal worker's pneumoconiosis is caused by coal dust, and Berylliosis is caused by beryllium dust.

Orthopnea is a medical condition where a person can breathe more easily in an upright position, such as sitting or standing. It is commonly linked to heart failure and other cardiac conditions.

Pyothorax is the collection of pus in the pleural cavity. Empyema is a collection of pus in a body cavity, usually the pleural space. Pleural Effusion is the accumulation of excess fluid in the pleural cavity. Pneumothorax is the presence of air or gas in the pleural cavity.

Percussion is a technique used in physical examination to determine the density of a body part by the sound produced when tapped. Palpation involves using hands to feel for abnormalities. Auscultation involves listening to sounds within the body. Inhalation refers to the process of breathing air into the lungs.

The acronym DPT stands for Diphtheria, Pertussis (Whooping Cough), and Tetanus. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Pertussis'.

Stridor is a high-pitched sound that occurs during inhalation and is commonly associated with Croup, a viral upper respiratory infection that causes swelling around the vocal cords. While Asthma and Bronchitis can cause breathing difficulties, they do not typically present with stridor. Influenza is a viral respiratory infection but does not commonly cause stridor.

Dyspnea is the medical term for difficult or labored breathing. It can be caused by various medical conditions and is a symptom rather than a specific disease. Hypoxia refers to a lack of oxygen in the body's tissues, apnea is the temporary cessation of breathing, and tachypnea is rapid breathing.

Asthma is a chronic condition that causes inflammation and narrowing of the airways, resulting in symptoms like dyspnea, wheezing, and cough. Bronchitis and pneumonia are conditions that can also cause similar symptoms but have different underlying causes. Emphysema is a type of COPD characterized by damage to the air sacs in the lungs, leading to shortness of breath.

Expectoration is the act of coughing up and spitting out material from the lungs. Aspiration is the inhalation of foreign objects into the lungs, Hemoptysis is the coughing up of blood from the respiratory tract, and Ventilation refers to the movement of air in and out of the lungs.

PPD stands for Purified Protein Derivative, which is a substance used in the tuberculin test to determine if a person has been exposed to the tuberculosis bacteria.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common lung disease characterized by persistent airway obstruction. While asthma is also a chronic respiratory condition, it is different from COPD. Pneumonia is an infection of the lungs, and lung cancer is a malignancy that originates in the lungs. Only COPD specifically relates to the combination of airway obstruction associated with emphysema and chronic bronchitis.

Endoscopic examination involves using an endoscope to view and examine the inside of the body. Bronchoscopy specifically refers to examining the bronchial tubes in the lungs. Ultrasound, X-ray, and blood tests are not considered endoscopic examinations.

Hypercapnia is a condition characterized by high levels of carbon dioxide in the blood, which can lead to respiratory and neurological issues.

URI commonly refers to Upper Respiratory Infection in medical terminology, not to be confused with other acronyms such as Universal Resource Identifier or United Republic of India.

Parenchyma cells make up the functional part of an organ, while stroma provides support, neurons are nerve cells, and epithelial cells line surfaces.

Anosmia is the medical term used to describe a complete lack of a sense of smell. Olfactory Dysfunction refers to any kind of impairment in the sense of smell. Hyperosmia is the opposite of anosmia and refers to an increased sensitivity to smell. Dysosmia is a condition where a person perceives smells differently than they actually are.

Abnormal crackling sounds during inspiration are known as rales, which are typically caused by fluid accumulation in the alveoli or airways. Stridor is a high-pitched wheezing sound often heard during inspiration and indicates upper airway obstruction. Wheezing is a continuous, musical, whistling sound most often heard during expiration and can be caused by narrowed airways. Pleural friction rub is a grating sound heard during inspiration and expiration, usually indicating inflammation of the pleural surfaces.

Pulmonary infarction refers to dead tissue in the lung caused by a lack of blood supply, typically due to a blood clot. Pulmonary embolism is a related condition involving a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries. Lung necrosis refers to the death of lung tissue due to various causes, such as infection or injury. Respiratory arrest is a medical emergency where breathing stops, but it is not specific to dead tissue in the lung.

Pleurodynia refers to pain in the chest wall, specifically the pleura. It is not related to flowers, birds, or skin rashes.

Bronchus is the correct term for the tubes that branch off from the trachea into the lungs. Bronchiole are smaller branches off the bronchi, while alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. Pleura refers to the membranes that surround the lungs and line the chest cavity.

The correct term for LARYNGO- is LARYNX, commonly known as the voice box. This is where sound is produced in humans.

The prefix 'PULMONO-' is commonly associated with the lungs in medical terminology. Pulmonary means related to the lungs.

The prefix -PNEA is commonly used in medical terminology to refer to breathing-related conditions or processes. The correct answer 'BREATHING' is the general concept of taking in and releasing air through the respiratory system.

The correct answer is 'SPITTING', which is the process of forcefully expelling saliva or mucus from the mouth.

The thorax refers to the region of the body commonly known as the chest, which contains vital organs such as the heart and lungs. The incorrect answers refer to different anatomical regions of the body.

Nasopharyngeal lymphatic tissue refers to adenoids, which are a type of tonsils located in the upper part of the throat. Tonsils, lymph nodes, and thymus are also parts of the lymphatic system, but they are not specifically the same as adenoids.

CYANO- is a prefix used in chemistry to indicate the presence of a cyanide group, which is typically associated with the color blue.