Foundations of Neuropsychology Quiz

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| Attempts: 11 | Questions: 15 | Updated: Jan 15, 2026
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1. Which ancient civilizations contributed to early neuropsychology?

Explanation

Incas, Egyptians, and Greeks made foundational contributions to neuropsychology. Incas practiced trepanation to observe effects of brain injury. Egyptians documented head injuries in medical texts. Greeks introduced systematic reasoning and written theories about the relationship between the mind, brain, and behavior, laying early scientific groundwork.

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About This Quiz
Foundations Of Neuropsychology Quiz - Quiz

Explore key concepts in neuropsychology through this focused assessment. Engage with terms critical to understanding brain-behavior relationships and cognitive functions. Ideal for students and professionals in neuroscience and psychology, enhancing both academic knowledge and practical application skills.

Brain behavior with this foundations of neuropsychology quiz on basics. This neuropsychology basics... see moretest covers lobes, lateralization, assessment through brain behavior MCQs. Perfect for students seeking neuroscience practice or cognitive review, it includes disorders with clear explanations.
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2. What hypotheses did Greek scholars debate about mind and behavior?

Explanation

Greek scholars debated whether the heart or brain controlled behavior. Empedocles supported the cardiac hypothesis, believing the heart was central to thought and emotion. Alcmaeon argued the brain governed sensation and cognition, introducing one of the earliest brain-centered theories of behavior.

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3. How did Aristotle describe behavior?

Explanation

Aristotle believed behavior emerged from mental processes shaped by experience rather than fixed biological structures. He anticipated tabula rasa concepts, proposed hylemorphism, and supported the cardiac hypothesis. He viewed mind and body as working in parallel without localized brain functions.

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4. What does Tabula Rasa mean?

Explanation

Tabula rasa means “blank slate.” It refers to the idea that humans are born without innate mental content and that knowledge, behavior, and personality develop through experience and interaction with the environment rather than predetermined traits.

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5. Who was Herophilus?

Explanation

Herophilus was the first known physician to perform systematic human dissections. He identified brain structures, differentiated nerves, and believed the ventricles housed the soul, significantly advancing early anatomical and neurological understanding.

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6. What was Erasistratus’s theory of respiration?

Explanation

Erasistratus believed air entered the lungs and was transformed into vital spirit, which traveled to the brain and became animal spirit. This animal spirit then flowed through nerves to produce movement and behavior, linking respiration to action.

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7. How did Galen’s view differ from Aristotle’s?

Explanation

Galen argued that the brain controlled mental functions, opposing Aristotle’s heart-centered view. Despite strong evidence, Galen’s ideas were resisted for centuries due to Aristotle’s authority and religious support for mind–body separation.

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8. How did Galen classify personality types?

Explanation

Galen classified personalities based on stability. Stable types included sanguine and phlegmatic, while unstable types included choleric and melancholic. He linked temperament to bodily humors, influencing personality theory for centuries.

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9. What is the modern neuropsychology approach?

Explanation

Modern neuropsychology follows the bio-psycho-social model, integrating brain structure and function, cognitive and emotional processes, and social functioning to understand behavior and rehabilitation outcomes.

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10. What disciplines contribute to neuropsychology?

Explanation

Neuropsychology incorporates educational psychology, cognitive science, neuroimaging, and social psychology. These disciplines help explain learning, brain structure, neural activity, and social adaptation following neurological injury.

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11. What were Descartes’s beliefs?

Explanation

Descartes believed in dualism, separating mind and body. He viewed animals as mechanical and located the soul in the pineal gland, shaping early debates on consciousness and physiology.

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12. Why did Descartes choose the pineal gland?

Explanation

Descartes chose the pineal gland because it is singular, centrally located, and not bilaterally represented. He believed this made it suitable as the interaction point between the immaterial soul and physical body.

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13. Who are the Fathers of Materialism?

Explanation

Darwin and Wallace promoted materialism through evolutionary theory and common descent, suggesting nervous systems evolved across species. This shifted explanations of behavior toward biological mechanisms.

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14. Who founded phrenology?

Explanation

Gall and Spurzheim founded phrenology, proposing that mental abilities were localized in specific brain areas reflected by skull shape. Though incorrect, it influenced later localization research.

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15. What did Stephen Gray discover?

Explanation

Stephen Gray demonstrated that living bodies could conduct electricity. His experiments showed biological tissues had conductive properties, laying groundwork for bioelectricity research.

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Which ancient civilizations contributed to early neuropsychology?
What hypotheses did Greek scholars debate about mind and behavior?
How did Aristotle describe behavior?
What does Tabula Rasa mean?
Who was Herophilus?
What was Erasistratus’s theory of respiration?
How did Galen’s view differ from Aristotle’s?
How did Galen classify personality types?
What is the modern neuropsychology approach?
What disciplines contribute to neuropsychology?
What were Descartes’s beliefs?
Why did Descartes choose the pineal gland?
Who are the Fathers of Materialism?
Who founded phrenology?
What did Stephen Gray discover?
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