Cell Organelles

1. What is the primary function of Mitochondria?

Store genetic information for the cell

Transport nutrients within the cell

Powerhouse of cell. Produces ATP through cellular respiration. ATP = energy unit for cell

Regulate cell growth and division

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they generate ATP, which is the primary energy source for cellular functions.

Explanation

Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they generate ATP, which is the primary energy source for cellular functions.

2. What is Rough ER responsible for?

Ribosomes build proteins and the ER helps fold or modify them. (Folded membrane system)

Rough ER is responsible for lipid synthesis.

Rough ER is responsible for ATP production.

Rough ER is responsible for DNA replication.

Rough ER plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and modification, not lipid synthesis, DNA replication, or ATP production.

Explanation

Rough ER plays a crucial role in protein synthesis and modification, not lipid synthesis, DNA replication, or ATP production.

3. What is the function of Smooth ER?

Stores calcium ions

Detoxifies harmful substances

Site of protein synthesis

Puts lipids together and is important in making new membranes. (Folded membrane system)

Smooth ER primarily functions in lipid synthesis and membrane production, unlike Rough ER which is responsible for protein synthesis. It does not store calcium ions or participate in detoxifying harmful substances.

Explanation

Smooth ER primarily functions in lipid synthesis and membrane production, unlike Rough ER which is responsible for protein synthesis. It does not store calcium ions or participate in detoxifying harmful substances.

4. What is the function of the cell wall in a plant cell?

Provides the shape of plant cell and serves as a protective barrier.

Regulates the entry and exit of molecules in the cell.

Stores genetic information for the plant cell.

Facilitates the movement of cell organelles.

The cell wall of a plant cell is primarily responsible for providing structural support and protection, acting as a rigid barrier that maintains the cell's shape and safeguards it from external threats.

Explanation

The cell wall of a plant cell is primarily responsible for providing structural support and protection, acting as a rigid barrier that maintains the cell's shape and safeguards it from external threats.

5. What is the main function of ribosomes?

Produce energy molecules.

Regulate cell metabolism.

Made in nucleous. Build proteins.

Synthesize DNA.

Ribosomes are cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis, not DNA synthesis, metabolism regulation, or energy production.

Explanation

Ribosomes are cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis, not DNA synthesis, metabolism regulation, or energy production.

6. What is the main function of a vacuole?

Transports nutrients

Captures sunlight for photosynthesis

Stores food, water, ect.

Regulates cell temperature

A vacuole in a cell primarily serves as a storage unit for various substances such as food, water, and waste products.

Explanation

A vacuole in a cell primarily serves as a storage unit for various substances such as food, water, and waste products.

7. What is the primary function of chloroplast?

Aids in plant reproduction by producing pollen grains.

Stores water and nutrients for the plant.

Used in photosynthesis. Uses energy from sunlight to form glucose molecules.

Helps in regulating the plant's internal temperature.

Chloroplast is an organelle responsible for photosynthesis in plants, converting sunlight into energy for the plant.

Explanation

Chloroplast is an organelle responsible for photosynthesis in plants, converting sunlight into energy for the plant.

8. What is the main function of centrioles in cell division?

Stores genetic information.

Separates chromosome pairs during mitosis.

Produces energy for the cell.

Regulates cell growth and division.

Centrioles are organelles that play a crucial role in cell division by organizing the microtubules that separate chromosome pairs during mitosis. The incorrect answers do not accurately reflect the function of centrioles.

Explanation

Centrioles are organelles that play a crucial role in cell division by organizing the microtubules that separate chromosome pairs during mitosis. The incorrect answers do not accurately reflect the function of centrioles.

9. What is cytoplasm?

A type of protein found in cell membranes.

The genetic material found in the nucleus of a cell.

The process by which cells divide and multiply.

Gel-like material inside cell that protects and supports cell organelles.

Cytoplasm is the gel-like substance within cells that houses and supports cell organelles, not a specific type of protein or genetic material, nor a cell division process.

Explanation

Cytoplasm is the gel-like substance within cells that houses and supports cell organelles, not a specific type of protein or genetic material, nor a cell division process.

10. What is the function of the Cell Membrane?

C. A network of interconnected tubes that transport materials within the cell.

A. A rigid structure that provides shape to the cell.

Thin, flexible barrier around cell that regulates what enters and leave cell. Protects and support cells.

B. An organelle responsible for energy production in the cell.

The cell membrane acts as a protective barrier for the cell, allowing the passage of certain materials while restricting others. It is not a rigid structure, an organelle for energy production, or a network of interconnected tubes.

Explanation

The cell membrane acts as a protective barrier for the cell, allowing the passage of certain materials while restricting others. It is not a rigid structure, an organelle for energy production, or a network of interconnected tubes.