6624 Exam 1 Study Guide

Salivary glands produce saliva to aid in the process of digestion. The sublingual glands mainly secrete mucous saliva, the submandibular glands secrete both serous and mucous saliva, while the parotid glands mainly secrete serous saliva.

Saliva is composed of various components, including mucous and serous secretions. Mucous is thick and has high viscosity, while serous is thin and has low viscosity. Water, bile, and pepsin are not primary salivary secretions, but rather components of other bodily fluids involved in digestion.

In medical terminology, 'sx' commonly refers to symptoms. The other options do not match the abbreviation sx.

When using abbreviations, it is important to understand the context in which they are used. In this case, "cx" commonly stands for cancel.

Dysphagia specifically refers to the difficulty or discomfort in swallowing, indicating an impairment in the transfer of food and liquids from the mouth to the stomach.

Penetration, in this context, specifically refers to the entry of food or liquid into the airway to the level of the vocal folds (VFs) which can lead to health complications.

Piecemeal deglutition refers to the process of taking multiple swallows in order to successfully swallow a bolus.

Eructation specifically refers to the act of expelling gas or air through the mouth from the stomach, different from the other options provided.

Regurgitation specifically refers to the return of partly digested food from the stomach to the mouth, which can be either voluntary or involuntary.

Emesis refers to the act of vomiting, which is the voluntary or involuntary forceful expulsion of stomach contents through the mouth.

Lingual sweeping specifically refers to the movement of the tongue in the oral cavity to manipulate food and form it into a bolus for swallowing.

The Cricopharyngeus is a component of the inferior constrictor muscle that plays a role in the Upper Esophageal Sphincter (UES) function specifically involving the IX glossopharyngeal nerve.

The PE segment refers to the Pharyngoesophageal segment, which is a part of the esophagus where it meets the pharynx.

VFSS is commonly used in medical settings to evaluate the swallowing function of a patient through real-time x-ray imaging.

FEES commonly refers to Fiberoptic Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing, a procedure used to assess swallowing difficulties.

Mastication specifically refers to the act of chewing and grinding food in the mouth to prepare it for swallowing.

Deglutition is the scientific term for swallowing, which involves the passage of food or liquid from the mouth and down the esophagus into the stomach.

A bolus refers to a chewed and moistened mass of food that is ready to be swallowed.

The rooting reflex is specifically related to infants turning their heads towards a touching sensation around the mouth, not other actions like sucking on a pacifier or grasping objects.

The perioral region specifically refers to the area surrounding the mouth and not other facial features like the nose. It is not solely responsible for smelling or tasting, but rather for tactile contact.

The sucking reflex specifically refers to the piston-like tongue movement babies make when preparing to nurse.

Facies specifically refers to the general aspect or appearance of a rock or other geological formation, not to be confused with other similar terms.

Oral transit time specifically refers to the movement of the bolus within the oral cavity before the initiation of the pharyngeal swallow.

Esophageal reflux refers to the regurgitation of stomach contents into the hypopharynx, not just backflow into the esophagus. The other incorrect answers do not fully capture the definition of esophageal reflux.

Nasal regurgitation refers specifically to the loss of food or liquid through the nose, not to other nasal conditions such as inflammation, congestion, or bleeding.

Pharyngeal transit time specifically refers to the time it takes for the bolus to move from the beginning of the pharyngeal swallow process to when it enters the esophagus. The incorrect answers do not accurately define pharyngeal transit time.

A taste bud is a chemoreceptor responsible for sensing taste, specifically the gustatory system.

Papillae are small prominences on the surface of certain body parts, such as the tongue.

A taste pore is specifically the opening in the lingual epithelium where taste cells are located to detect flavors.

Microvilli are small, hairlike extensions found on the surface of certain cells, mainly in the small intestine and kidney. They increase the surface area of the cell membrane for absorption.