History of Peace: Key Ideas and Events
Lesson Overview
The world history of peace shows how people and nations have worked toward peace through movements, leaders, treaties, and ideas that stopped conflicts and promoted justice.
Satyagraha Nonviolence Movement Origin
Satyagraha is a nonviolence movement started by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. It focuses on peaceful resistance to injustice, using civil disobedience to bring change without violence.
Example: Gandhi used Satyagraha in India to protest British rule, encouraging people not to obey unfair laws peacefully.
Quick Tip: Satyagraha means fighting for justice without violence.
Nobel Peace Prize Laureates' Early Careers
Many Nobel Peace Prize winners began their careers fighting injustice in one country before expanding their work globally. For example, Mahatma Gandhi started in South Africa before leading India's independence movement.
Example: Gandhi first fought for Indian immigrants' rights in South Africa before returning to India.
Quick Tip: Early experiences shaped laureates' peace work worldwide.
Negative Peace and Positive Peace
Negative peace means the absence of conflict or tension. Positive peace means justice is present, creating fairness and harmony beyond just no war.
Example: A country may have no war (negative peace) but still suffer inequality; true peace (positive peace) requires justice.
Quick Tip: Positive peace includes justice, not just no fighting.
Secularism and Peace
Secularism means religion is separate from government and society. It does not directly create peace but ensures no religion controls politics.
Example: A secular state does not favor one religion, promoting equal rights but not guaranteeing peace.
Quick Tip: Secularism separates religion and government, not directly peace.
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Ancient Greek Goddess of Peace: Irene
Irene was the Ancient Greek goddess of peace and the first patron saint of peace in Christianity. Her name means "peace" in Greek.
Example: Irene symbolized peace and was honored in both Greek and Christian traditions.
Quick Tip: Irene represents peace in ancient and religious history.
Versailles Treaty Year and Importance
The Versailles Treaty was signed in 1919, officially ending World War I. It imposed heavy penalties on Germany but also caused future tensions.
Example: The treaty blamed Germany for the war and required reparations.
Quick Tip: The Versailles Treaty marked the formal end of World War I.
Deterrence: Oldest Way to Avoid War
Deterrence is the strategy of preventing war by threatening retaliation. It relies on strong defense to discourage attacks.
Example: Countries build military strength to deter enemies from attacking.
Quick Tip: Deterrence stops war by promising punishment.
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