Mitosis And Meiosis Trivia
1.
During which phase does the cell prepare for division?
Answer:
Interphase
Explanation:
Interphase is the correct answer because it is the phase in the cell cycle where the cell prepares for division. During interphase, the cell undergoes growth, DNA replication, and prepares the necessary materials for cell division. This phase is essential for ensuring that the cell has enough resources and genetic material to divide into two daughter cells successfully. Prophase, telophase, and metaphase are all stages that occur during mitosis, which is the actual process of cell division, and do not involve the preparation of the cell for division.
2.
The final phase of Mitosis is called:
Answer:
Telophase
Explanation:
The final phase of mitosis is called telophase. During telophase, the chromosomes have reached opposite poles of the cell and begin to decondense. Nuclear envelopes start to form around each set of chromosomes, creating two separate nuclei. The spindle fibers disassemble, and the cell undergoes cytokinesis, dividing into two daughter cells. This phase marks the completion of cell division and the beginning of the interphase of the cell cycle.
3.
Apoptosis is:
Answer:
Programmed cell death
Explanation:
Apoptosis refers to programmed cell death, which is a normal physiological process in which cells self-destruct. It plays a crucial role in various biological processes such as development, tissue homeostasis, and elimination of damaged or unwanted cells. This process is tightly regulated and involves a series of molecular events that ultimately lead to cell death. Unlike cell division, which involves the replication and division of cells, apoptosis is the opposite process and serves as a mechanism to remove unnecessary or harmful cells from the body.
4.
The chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate during which phase of Mitosis?
Answer:
Metaphase
Explanation:
During metaphase, the chromosomes align themselves along the equatorial plate of the cell. This alignment ensures that each chromosome is properly separated and distributed to the daughter cells during the subsequent stages of mitosis. The chromosomes are attached to spindle fibers at their centromeres, which helps in their proper alignment along the equatorial plate. Once the chromosomes are aligned, they are ready to be separated and pulled apart during anaphase. Therefore, metaphase is the correct phase of mitosis where the chromosomes line up along the equatorial plate.
5.
The number of chromosomes in a human cell is:
Answer:
46
Explanation:
The number of chromosomes in a human cell is 46. This is because humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, with each pair consisting of one chromosome from the mother and one from the father. Therefore, when these pairs are combined, the total number of chromosomes in a human cell is 46.
6.
During which stage of Mitosis do chromatids separate to form two sets of daughter chromosomes?
Answer:
Anaphase
Explanation:
During Anaphase, the chromatids, which are the replicated chromosomes, separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. This process ensures that each daughter cell will receive a complete set of chromosomes. Therefore, Anaphase is the stage of Mitosis where chromatids separate to form two sets of daughter chromosomes.
7.
This organelle, where genetic information is stored, is broken down during mitosis.
Answer:
Nucleus
Explanation:
Genetic information is transferred from parent to daughter cells through the nucleus. The nucleus contains the cell's DNA, which carries the genetic instructions necessary for cell function and development. During cell division, the DNA replicates and is passed on to the daughter cells through a process called mitosis. The nucleus plays a crucial role in maintaining and transmitting genetic information, making it the correct answer in this case.
8.
During which phase of Meiosis does crossing-over occur?
Answer:
Prophase I
Explanation:
During Prophase I of Meiosis, crossing-over occurs. This is the phase where homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material through a process called crossing-over or recombination. This genetic exchange leads to genetic variation and ensures the shuffling of genes between homologous chromosomes. It occurs before the separation of chromosomes during Anaphase I, making Prophase I the correct answer.
9.
How many daughter cells are formed after 1 round of Meiosis?
Answer:
2
Explanation:
Meiosis involves two rounds of cell division, resulting in the formation of four daughter cells. However, after the first round of meiotic division (Meiosis I), two daughter cells are formed, each containing half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
10.
During which phase of Meiosis do chromosomes divide at the centromeres?
Answer:
Anaphase II
Explanation:
Anaphase II is the correct answer because during this phase of meiosis, the sister chromatids separate and move towards opposite poles of the cell. This separation occurs at the centromeres, which hold the two chromatids together. Therefore, chromosomes divide at the centromeres in Anaphase II. Prophase II is the phase where the nuclear envelope breaks down and spindle fibers form, Metaphase I is the phase where homologous chromosomes align at the cell's equator, and Metaphase II is the phase where sister chromatids align at the cell's equator.
11.
Duplicated chromosomes are joined at the:
Answer:
Centromere
Explanation:
Duplicated chromosomes are joined at the centromere. The centromere is a region on the chromosome where the sister chromatids are held together after DNA replication. It plays a crucial role in ensuring that the duplicated chromosomes are properly segregated during cell division. The centromere also serves as an attachment point for spindle fibers, which aid in the movement of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis.
12.
Each half of a chromosome is called:
Answer:
Chromatid
Explanation:
A chromatid is each half of a replicated chromosome, which are joined together by a centromere. During cell division, chromatids separate and become individual chromosomes. The other options, centromere, mitochondrion, and centrosome, do not refer to each half of a chromosome.
13.
Which of the following is a characteristic of mitosis?
Answer:
It results in daughter cells genetically identical to the parent cell.
Explanation:
Mitosis is a type of cell division that produces two daughter cells with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. These daughter cells are genetically identical to each other and to the parent cell.
14.
The systematic classification of living organisms is known as:
Answer:
Taxonomy
Explanation:
Taxonomy is the correct answer because it refers to the systematic classification of living organisms. It involves organizing and categorizing organisms based on their shared characteristics and evolutionary relationships. This classification system helps scientists understand the diversity of life on Earth and how different species are related to each other. Phylogeny refers to the evolutionary history and relationships of organisms, which is a component of taxonomy. Classonomy and dichotomy are not recognized terms in the field of biological classification.
15.
The arrangements of objects, ideas, or information into groups where the members of each have one or more characteristics in common is called:
Answer:
Classification
Explanation:
The correct answer is classification because it refers to the process of organizing objects, ideas, or information into groups based on shared characteristics. This helps in understanding and categorizing things more efficiently and effectively. Melanation, differentiation, and inclination do not accurately describe this process.
16.
Which of the following cells undergo meiosis?
Answer:
Germ cells
Explanation:
Germ cells undergo meiosis. Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that occurs in germ cells to produce gametes (sperm and eggs) with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. This is necessary for sexual reproduction to maintain the correct number of chromosomes in the offspring. Somatic cells, on the other hand, undergo mitosis, a type of cell division that produces identical copies of the parent cell. Therefore, the correct answer is germ cells.
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