US History Final Exam-civil War Review

Emancipation refers to the act of being set free or liberated from a state of bondage or oppression. It signifies the freedom from slavery, restrictions, or any form of subjugation. Therefore, the given correct answer, "freedom," accurately captures the meaning of emancipation.

The Confederates surrendered at the end of the Civil War. The Civil War was fought between the Union (Northern states) and the Confederates (Southern states) from 1861 to 1865. The Confederates, led by General Robert E. Lee, eventually surrendered to the Union forces on April 9, 1865, at Appomattox Court House in Virginia. This marked the end of the Civil War and the defeat of the Confederate states.

The statement "The South's primary export was wheat" is false. The primary export of the South was actually cotton, not wheat. Cotton was a major cash crop in the Southern states and played a significant role in the region's economy during the 19th century.

Secede means to split, separate, or withdraw from a larger group or organization. It refers to the act of breaking away or disassociating oneself from a political entity or alliance. This can happen when a region or group decides to form its own independent entity, separate from the larger whole.

The Civil War ended in April 1865. This is a well-known fact in history, as it marks the surrender of the Confederate Army and the subsequent collapse of the Confederate States of America. The war began in 1861 and lasted for four years, resulting in the reunification of the United States and the abolition of slavery.

Abolish means to stop, halt, or bring something to an end. It refers to the act of eliminating or getting rid of something completely. This could be applied to various contexts such as abolishing a law, a system, a practice, or an institution. The word does not relate to complaining, disagreeing, starting, igniting, freeing, or escaping.

A cavalry refers to a military unit that fights on horseback. They are trained soldiers who use horses as their primary means of transportation and engage in combat while mounted. This type of military unit has been historically significant and played a crucial role in warfare, especially before the advent of modern vehicles. The cavalry's mobility and speed on horseback provided them with a tactical advantage on the battlefield.

The 5th Amendment did not outlaw slavery. The 5th Amendment to the United States Constitution primarily focuses on protecting the rights of individuals in the criminal justice system, such as the right to due process, the right to remain silent, and the right to a fair trial. The abolition of slavery was addressed in the 13th Amendment, which was ratified in 1865, after the Civil War. Therefore, the statement that the 5th Amendment outlawed slavery is false.

Kentucky was considered a border state during the American Civil War. Although it did not secede from the Union, it was a slave state and had divided loyalties. Both the Union and the Confederacy had supporters within the state, and it experienced conflicts and military actions throughout the war. Therefore, the statement "Kentucky was a border state" is true.

The Civil War began with the Battle of Ft. Sumter. This battle took place on April 12, 1861, when Confederate forces attacked the Union-held Ft. Sumter in South Carolina. The Confederate bombardment of the fort marked the start of the Civil War, as it was the first military engagement between the Union and Confederate forces. The Union eventually surrendered the fort, but this battle ignited the conflict that would last for four years.

False. The statement is incorrect as most of the Civil War was actually fought in the South. The war began when Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina, and the majority of the battles and campaigns took place in Southern states such as Virginia, Tennessee, and Georgia. The North, also known as the Union, fought to preserve the United States and ultimately emerged victorious in 1865.

During the American Civil War, the Union forces, led by General Ulysses S. Grant, won the Vicksburg Siege, Sherman's March, and a series of battles in Virginia. The Union's victory at the Vicksburg Siege in 1863 was a turning point in the war, as it gave the Union control of the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two. Sherman's March, led by General William Tecumseh Sherman, was a devastating military campaign that targeted Confederate infrastructure and resources, further weakening the Confederacy. Grant's series of battles in Virginia, including the Battle of the Wilderness and the Siege of Petersburg, ultimately led to the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee and the end of the war.

During the American Civil War, the Union, which refers to the Northern states, won most of the battles over control of the Mississippi River. The Union's victory in these battles was crucial as it allowed them to gain control over a vital transportation route, splitting the Confederacy in two and limiting their ability to move troops and supplies. This strategic advantage played a significant role in the Union's ultimate victory in the war.

Clara Barton is the correct answer because she was a union nurse during the American Civil War and later founded the American Red Cross. She is known for her humanitarian work and dedication to providing aid and support to those in need. Elenor Roosevelt, Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson, and Florence Nightingale were not directly involved in the founding of the Red Cross.

Abraham Lincoln said this quote. In the quote, Lincoln states that his main objective in the Civil War is to save the Union, rather than to save or destroy slavery. He also mentions his personal belief in the freedom of all men. This quote reflects Lincoln's stance on the war and his commitment to preserving the United States as one nation.

Andersonville was the worst Prisoner of War camp in the Confederacy. This statement is supported by the repetition of the word "Andersonville," indicating that it is the correct answer. Andersonville Prison, officially known as Camp Sumter, was a Confederate-run POW camp during the American Civil War. It gained notoriety for its harsh conditions, overcrowding, and high mortality rate among prisoners. The camp lacked proper sanitation, food, and medical care, leading to the suffering and death of thousands of Union soldiers.

During the time when the draft was in effect, wealthy individuals from the Northern region had the option to pay a sum of $300 or $300.00 in order to avoid being drafted into the military. This payment served as a means for them to exempt themselves from the mandatory conscription process.

"Stonewall" Jackson's military career ended when he was shot by friendly fire during the Battle of Chancellorsville. He was mistakenly shot by his own troops, which resulted in the amputation of his left arm. Unfortunately, he developed pneumonia and passed away a few days later due to complications from the injury.

The Anaconda Plan was the Union's strategy during the American Civil War to cut off the Confederate states from their resources and isolate them. It aimed to block Southern ports, control the Mississippi River, and divide the Confederacy by capturing key cities. The plan was named after the constricting snake, symbolizing the Union's intention to squeeze the South into submission. This strategy was devised by Union General Winfield Scott and was an important factor in ultimately defeating the Confederacy.

Jeb Stuart did not lead the Union cavalry. He was a Confederate general during the American Civil War and is known for his leadership of the Confederate cavalry. Therefore, the statement is false.

The South had exceptional military leaders and a strong military tradition. This is evident from the fact that many of the top military leaders during the American Civil War were from the South, such as Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson. Additionally, the South had a long history of military prowess, with a strong tradition of military education and training. This combination of skilled leaders and a strong military tradition contributed to the South's ability to hold its own against the Union army during the war.

During the Civil War, the Northern economy did indeed prosper. This was primarily due to several factors. Firstly, the Union had a larger population and more industrialized economy compared to the Confederacy, which allowed them to produce and supply goods at a higher capacity. Additionally, the Northern states had control over major ports and transportation networks, enabling them to trade and conduct business more easily. The Union also implemented various economic policies, such as the issuance of greenbacks, which helped stimulate economic growth. Overall, these factors contributed to the prosperity of the Northern economy during the Civil War.

During the Civil War, Jefferson Davis served as the President of the Confederate States of America. He was elected to this position in 1861 and held it until the end of the war in 1865. Davis played a significant role in leading the Confederacy and making decisions during this tumultuous period in American history.

Ulysses S. Grant was not shot accidentally by his own men. Grant was a Union general during the American Civil War and later served as the 18th President of the United States. While he was involved in several battles during the war, there is no record of him being shot by his own soldiers.

The Anaconda Plan was a strategy developed by the Union during the American Civil War. It aimed to defeat the Confederacy by implementing a naval blockade, capturing the Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia, and gaining control of the Mississippi River. The plan did not include setting fire to farms and private homes in Georgia. This answer is correct because it accurately identifies the element that was not part of the Anaconda Plan.

After the Civil War ended, Jefferson Davis, the President of the Confederate States of America, was indeed arrested in Georgia. He was accused of treason and held in prison for two years without trial. However, he was eventually released without being formally charged or tried.

Dissent refers to a difference of opinion or disagreement among individuals or groups. It implies a lack of agreement or consensus on a particular matter. Therefore, the correct answer for this question is "disagreement".

The correct answer is "moral ... war". This is because the Union viewed emancipation not only as a controversial issue but also as a moral imperative. Emancipation became a weapon of war for the Union, as they believed that freeing the slaves would weaken the Confederate forces and undermine their ability to continue the war. By framing emancipation as a moral cause, the Union sought to gain support both domestically and internationally for their war efforts.

Habeas corpus is a legal principle that ensures a person cannot be held in jail without being brought before a judge first. This means that before someone can be detained, they have the right to challenge the legality of their imprisonment in court. This protection is important in safeguarding individual rights and preventing unlawful detention by the government.

Annex means to add on to, such as a piece of land. This term is commonly used to describe the act of incorporating additional territory into an existing country or state. It involves the extension of borders or boundaries to include the annexed area. This can occur through various means, such as treaties, agreements, or forceful acquisition. Annexation is often motivated by political, strategic, or economic reasons, allowing the annexing entity to gain control and authority over the annexed territory.

The given statement is "The Battle of Gettysburg began when the Confederates were trying to steal weapons." The correct answer is False. The Battle of Gettysburg did not begin because the Confederates were trying to steal weapons. It was a major battle fought during the American Civil War in 1863 between the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, commanded by General Robert E. Lee, and the Union Army of the Potomac, commanded by General George G. Meade. The battle was fought primarily because the Confederates were attempting to invade the North and gain a strategic advantage.

The correct answer is Gettysburg. Gettysburg is a battle that took place in Pennsylvania during the American Civil War. It was a significant battle and considered a turning point in the war. The battle lasted for three days, from July 1 to July 3, 1863, and resulted in a Union victory. It is known for being one of the bloodiest battles in American history, with a high number of casualties on both sides. The outcome of the Battle of Gettysburg had a significant impact on the overall outcome of the Civil War.

President Lincoln was not a northern Democrat. He was a member of the Republican Party. Lincoln was elected as the 16th President of the United States in 1860 as a Republican candidate. He played a crucial role in the abolition of slavery and the preservation of the Union during the American Civil War. His presidency is often associated with the Republican Party's rise to prominence and the advancement of their political agenda. Therefore, the statement that President Lincoln was a northern Democrat is false.

"Stonewall" Jackson was not a Union general because he was a Confederate general during the American Civil War. He was known for his tactical brilliance and aggressive fighting style, earning his nickname "Stonewall" for his steadfastness in battle. He played a significant role in several Confederate victories before his untimely death in 1863.

During the Civil War, the South believed that their cotton trade would be influential enough to persuade Britain to support them. However, Britain had alternative options and did not acknowledge the Confederacy as an independent nation. This suggests that although cotton played a significant role in commerce, it did not have the power to dictate Britain's actions or secure their alliance.

Copperheads were Democrats who advocated peace with the South. This is because the term "Copperheads" refers to a faction of Democrats in the Northern states during the American Civil War who opposed the war and sought a negotiated settlement with the South. Therefore, the correct answer is "Northern ... South".

Approximately 92% of the 2 million who served in the Union army were volunteers. This means that the majority of individuals who joined the Union army did so willingly and were not conscripted or forced into service. This high percentage of volunteers reflects the strong support and dedication to the Union cause during the American Civil War.

During the Civil War, General William Tecumseh Sherman led a march of destruction known as the "March to the Sea" through three southern states, Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina. This military campaign aimed to break the will of the Confederate states and bring an end to the war. Sherman's troops destroyed infrastructure, confiscated supplies, and disrupted the Confederate economy, causing significant damage and demoralizing the southern population. This march played a crucial role in hastening the end of the Civil War.

The correct answer explains that the Siege of Vicksburg resulted in Union control of the Mississippi River. Additionally, it states that Grant and Sherman converged on Richmond from different directions, causing destruction along the way. Union ships also blocked ports, and battles in cities like New Orleans and Savannah led to their fall. This combination of military actions and strategic control of key waterways and cities demonstrates how the goals of the Anaconda Plan were accomplished.

During the Civil War, Union soldiers reached North Carolina and began handing out food and supplies. This suggests that they believed the war was almost over and wanted to provide assistance to the people in need. The distribution of food and supplies indicates a gesture of goodwill and support, potentially indicating that the Union soldiers were confident in their victory and wanted to help the state recover from the war's impact.

During the Civil War, the suspension of habeas corpus allowed dissenters to be held in jail without trials. This was done to suppress opposition and maintain control over individuals who were critical of the government or the war effort. By suspending habeas corpus, the authorities could detain individuals indefinitely without providing them the right to challenge their imprisonment in court. This action was seen as necessary to maintain order and ensure the stability of the Union during a time of intense conflict and political division.

The Emancipation Proclamation did not actually free slaves in the Union. It was a presidential proclamation issued by Abraham Lincoln during the American Civil War, which declared that all slaves in Confederate territory were to be set free. However, it did not apply to the states that were loyal to the Union. The proclamation was a significant step towards the abolition of slavery, but it did not immediately free all slaves in the Union.

Britain did not recognize the Confederacy as a separate nation during the American Civil War. Despite sympathizing with the Confederacy and relying on Southern cotton for their textile industry, Britain ultimately decided to remain neutral and not officially recognize the Confederacy. This decision was influenced by several factors, including the Union's naval blockade of Southern ports, the Emancipation Proclamation, and the potential risks of supporting a secessionist movement.

The statement "Draft riots occurred primarily in the rural South" is false. Draft riots actually occurred primarily in the urban areas of the Northern states during the American Civil War. These riots were sparked by opposition to the military draft and were fueled by factors such as economic grievances and racial tensions. The most notable draft riot took place in New York City in 1863, where it resulted in widespread violence and destruction.

Following the Civil War, Jefferson Davis, the President of the Confederate States of America, was imprisoned without trial. After two years of imprisonment, he was released and retired to live off of charity. During this time, he wrote his memoirs, reflecting on his experiences and the events of the war. This period of imprisonment and retirement marked a significant change in Davis's life, as he transitioned from a prominent political figure to a more secluded existence.

General McClellan was fired after the Battle of Antietam for hesitating. Antietam was a crucial battle in the American Civil War, and McClellan's hesitation and cautious approach during the battle drew criticism from President Lincoln. Despite having numerical superiority, McClellan failed to fully exploit the opportunities presented to him, allowing Confederate forces to escape and prolonging the war. This hesitation and lack of decisive action led to his dismissal from command.

The correct answer is poor Southerners who were angry about the draft. This is indicated by the statement "It's a 'rich man's war and poor man's fight'", which suggests that the poor Southerners were frustrated and resentful about being forced to fight in a war that primarily benefited the wealthy.

Conscription refers to the practice of requiring individuals to serve in the military, usually during times of war or national emergency. It is a system where individuals are selected or drafted into military service, regardless of their willingness to serve. This can involve compulsory enlistment, training, and deployment in the armed forces. The term "draft" is commonly used to describe this process, where eligible individuals are chosen or assigned to serve in the military.

The correct answer is Kentucky, Maryland, Delaware, and Missouri. These four states were known as the border states during the American Civil War. They were located on the border between the Union (Northern states) and the Confederacy (Southern states). These states were crucial because they had significant slave populations but chose to remain in the Union. Their loyalty to the Union provided a strategic advantage to the Northern states during the war.

The Union army was particularly brutal in South Carolina because this is where the Civil War began. As the first state to secede from the Union and the location of the attack on Fort Sumter, South Carolina was seen as the starting point of the conflict. The Union army sought to assert its dominance and send a message by being harsh and punitive towards the state that initiated the war.