The Nature Of Enzymes Quiz! Trivia

Enzymes accelerate the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy of the substrate. Activation energy is the minimum amount of energy required for a chemical reaction to occur. By lowering the activation energy, enzymes make it easier for the substrate molecules to reach the transition state and undergo the reaction. This allows the reaction to occur more quickly, increasing the rate of the reaction.

Enzymes are biological molecules that act as catalysts in various biochemical reactions. They are typically proteins, which are made up of amino acids and have a complex three-dimensional structure. Proteins are known for their ability to bind to other molecules and facilitate chemical reactions, which makes them ideal for enzyme activity. Carbohydrates and lipids do not have the necessary properties to act as enzymes. Therefore, the correct answer is protein.

Isozymes are enzymes that have different amino acid sequences but catalyze the same reaction. This means that they have different structures but perform the same function. Isozymes can be found in different tissues or organs within the same organism or in different species. They are important because they allow for fine-tuning of enzymatic activity in specific tissues or under specific conditions. Therefore, the statement "The enzyme that differs in amino acid sequence but catalyzes the same reaction is called 'Isozymes'" is true.

In competitive inhibition, the inhibitor molecule is analog to the structure of substrate. This means that the inhibitor molecule has a similar structure to the substrate molecule that the enzyme normally binds to. As a result, the inhibitor molecule can bind to the active site of the enzyme, preventing the substrate from binding and inhibiting the enzyme's activity. This type of inhibition can be overcome by increasing the concentration of the substrate, as it can outcompete the inhibitor for binding to the enzyme's active site.

Enzyme kinases are a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group from a donor molecule, such as ATP, to a specific substrate molecule. This transfer of phosphate groups is an example of a transferase reaction, which involves the transfer of functional groups from one molecule to another. Therefore, the correct answer is "Transferases."

Enzymes are classified into six major classes based on the type of reaction they catalyze. This means that enzymes with similar catalytic functions are grouped together. The classification is not based on the type of substrate involved in the reaction, the type of bond formation in the reaction, or the type of product formed. Instead, it focuses on the specific type of chemical reaction that the enzyme facilitates. This classification system helps to categorize enzymes and understand their specific roles and functions in biochemical reactions.

The correct answer is Daniel Koshland. Koshland proposed the induced fit theory, which states that the enzyme undergoes a conformational change upon binding to the substrate. This change allows the enzyme to better fit and interact with the substrate, enhancing the catalytic activity. The induced fit theory is in contrast to the lock and key model, which suggests that the enzyme and substrate have a rigid, complementary shape that allows them to fit together perfectly. Koshland's theory provides a more dynamic and flexible understanding of enzyme-substrate interactions.

Co-enzymes are non-protein organic molecules that are essential for the activity of certain enzymes. They bind to the enzyme and help facilitate the enzymatic reaction by transferring chemical groups or electrons. Unlike co-factors, which can be inorganic or organic, co-enzymes are always organic molecules. Therefore, co-enzyme is the correct answer as it refers to the non-protein organic part of an enzyme.

The EC number stands for Enzyme Commission number. This number is a unique identifier assigned to each enzyme by the Enzyme Commission, an organization that classifies and names enzymes based on their catalytic properties. The EC number consists of four digits separated by periods, indicating the enzyme's classification within a hierarchical system. This system helps researchers and scientists to identify and categorize enzymes based on their specific biochemical functions.