Unit 8 - Chemical Solutions Test
Chemical solutions are homogenous mixtures composed of two or more substances. This usually involves a solute being dissolved into another. Think you know all there is to know about chemical solutions? Try your hand at this scientific quiz!
- 1.
In a solution, the substance that is being dissolved is the _____.
- A.
Solute
- B.
Solvent
- C.
Liquid
- D.
Gas
Correct Answer
A. SoluteExplanation
In a solution, the solute is the substance that is being dissolved. The solute is typically present in a smaller quantity compared to the solvent. The solvent is the substance in which the solute is dissolved. In this case, the correct answer is solute because it accurately identifies the substance that is being dissolved in a solution.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The air that you breathe is an example of a(n) ____.
- A.
Gas
- B.
Solid
- C.
Liquid
- D.
Amalgam
Correct Answer
A. GasExplanation
The air that you breathe consists of a mixture of gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and others. It is not a solid or a liquid because it does not have a fixed shape or volume. Therefore, the correct answer is gas.Rate this question:
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- 3.
In soda pop, the solvent would be the _____.
- A.
Water
- B.
Carbon dioxide
- C.
Sugar
- D.
Flavoring
Correct Answer
A. WaterExplanation
In soda pop, the solvent refers to the substance that dissolves the other components. In this case, water is the most common solvent used in soda pop. It dissolves the sugar, flavoring, and other ingredients to create the drink. Carbon dioxide, on the other hand, is the gas that gives soda its fizziness and is not considered the solvent.Rate this question:
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- 4.
A substance that does not conduct an electric current when it forms a solution is a(n) _____.
- A.
Electrolyte
- B.
Nonelectrolyte
- C.
Polar substance
- D.
Salt
Correct Answer
B. NonelectrolyteExplanation
A substance that does not conduct an electric current when it forms a solution is called a nonelectrolyte. This means that when the substance dissolves in a solution, it does not produce ions that can carry an electric charge. Unlike electrolytes, which do conduct electricity due to the presence of ions, nonelectrolytes do not dissociate into ions and therefore do not allow for the flow of electric current.Rate this question:
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- 5.
A solution that contains all of the solute it can normally hold at a given temperature is _____.
- A.
Dilute
- B.
Unsaturated
- C.
Supersaturated
- D.
Saturated
Correct Answer
D. SaturatedExplanation
A solution that contains all of the solute it can normally hold at a given temperature is saturated. This means that the solution is at its maximum capacity to dissolve the solute, and any additional solute added will not dissolve and will instead form a precipitate.Rate this question:
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- 6.
The process by which the particles in a crystal are separated and drawn into solution by water is called _____.
- A.
Ionization
- B.
Dissociation
- C.
Polarity
- D.
Saturation
Correct Answer
B. DissociationExplanation
Dissociation refers to the process where the particles in a crystal separate and dissolve in water. When a crystal is added to water, the water molecules surround the crystal particles and pull them apart, resulting in the formation of individual ions. This process is commonly observed with ionic compounds, where the positive and negative ions dissociate and become surrounded by water molecules. Therefore, dissociation is the correct term to describe the separation of crystal particles in water.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Increasing the surface area of a solid _____.
- A.
Slows the speed of dissolving
- B.
Has no effect on the speed of dissolving
- C.
Increases the speed of dissolving
- D.
Causes the solid to ionize
Correct Answer
C. Increases the speed of dissolvingExplanation
Increasing the surface area of a solid increases the speed of dissolving because it exposes more surface area of the solid to the solvent. This allows for more solvent molecules to come into contact with the solid, leading to a faster dissolution process. The increased surface area provides more sites for solvent-solute interactions, facilitating the breaking down of the solid into individual particles and enhancing the rate at which the solid dissolves.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The solubility of gas in a liquid occurs faster if the liquid is ______.
- A.
Heated
- B.
Cold
- C.
Under low pressure
- D.
An electrolyte
Correct Answer
B. ColdExplanation
The solubility of gas in a liquid occurs faster if the liquid is cold. This is because at lower temperatures, the molecules of the liquid have less kinetic energy, causing them to move slower and be closer together. This allows the gas molecules to interact more easily with the liquid molecules and dissolve faster. On the other hand, heating the liquid increases the kinetic energy of the molecules, causing them to move faster and become more spaced out, which reduces the solubility of the gas.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the the following types of solutes dissolves well in water?
- A.
Hydrocarbons
- B.
Polar molecules
- C.
Nonpolar molecules
- D.
Oil
Correct Answer
B. Polar moleculesExplanation
Polar molecules dissolve well in water because water is a polar molecule itself. Polar molecules have a slightly positive and negative charge distribution, which allows them to interact with the positive and negative charges on water molecules. This interaction leads to the formation of hydrogen bonds between the polar solute and water molecules, resulting in the solute dissolving in water. In contrast, hydrocarbons and nonpolar molecules do not have a charge distribution and cannot form hydrogen bonds with water, making them insoluble in water. Oil, which is composed of nonpolar molecules, is also insoluble in water for the same reason.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The concentration of a solution that contains a large amount of solute in the solvent could be described as _____.
- A.
Unsaturated
- B.
Polar
- C.
Concentrated
- D.
Dilute
Correct Answer
C. ConcentratedExplanation
A solution that contains a large amount of solute in the solvent can be described as concentrated. This means that there is a high proportion of solute particles compared to the amount of solvent present. The concentration is high, indicating a strong presence of the solute in the solution.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following would dissolve in iodine?
- A.
Water
- B.
Ethanol
- C.
Polar solvent
- D.
Vinegar
Correct Answer
B. EthanolExplanation
Ethanol would dissolve in iodine because both substances are polar. Polar substances have a positive and negative end, which allows them to form intermolecular bonds with other polar substances. Iodine is also polar, so it can form bonds with ethanol molecules, causing it to dissolve. Water, vinegar, and polar solvent may also dissolve in iodine because they are also polar substances. However, the question specifically asks for one substance, and ethanol is the only option that is a specific substance.Rate this question:
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- 12.
An alloy is an example of a _____ solution.
- A.
Gaseous
- B.
Liquid
- C.
Solid
- D.
Dilute
Correct Answer
C. SolidExplanation
An alloy is an example of a solid solution because it is a mixture of two or more metals or a metal and a non-metal that is solid at room temperature. In an alloy, the atoms of the different elements are evenly distributed throughout the solid, forming a homogeneous mixture. This is in contrast to gaseous or liquid solutions, where the particles are not held together in a solid structure. Dilute refers to the concentration of a solution, so it is not the correct answer in this context.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Adding more solute to a solvent _____.
- A.
Raises its freezing point
- B.
Lowers its boiling point
- C.
Raises its boiling point
- D.
Does not affect its boiling point
Correct Answer
C. Raises its boiling pointExplanation
When more solute is added to a solvent, it increases the boiling point of the solution. This is because the presence of solute particles disrupts the intermolecular forces between solvent molecules, making it harder for them to escape into the vapor phase. As a result, the solution requires a higher temperature to reach its boiling point compared to the pure solvent.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What is the first step of the dissolving process?
- A.
The molecules of the solvent pull the molecules of the solute into solution.
- B.
The molecules of the solute pull the molecules of the solvent into solution.
- C.
The moving molecules of the solvent spread the molecules of the solute equally throughout the solution.
- D.
The moving molecules of the solvent surround the molecules of the solute.
Correct Answer
D. The moving molecules of the solvent surround the molecules of the solute.Explanation
The first step of the dissolving process is when the moving molecules of the solvent surround the molecules of the solute. This occurs because the solvent molecules are in constant motion and collide with the solute molecules, causing them to become surrounded and dispersed throughout the solution. This process is known as solvation or hydration, depending on whether the solvent is a liquid or water.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following combination would increase the solubility of a gas in a liquid?
- A.
Increase the pressure and decrease the temperature
- B.
Increase the pressure and temperature
- C.
Decrease the pressure and temperature
- D.
Decrease the pressure and increase the temperature
Correct Answer
A. Increase the pressure and decrease the temperatureExplanation
Increasing the pressure and decreasing the temperature would increase the solubility of a gas in a liquid. This is because according to Henry's law, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas above the liquid. By increasing the pressure, more gas molecules are forced into the liquid, increasing its solubility. Additionally, decreasing the temperature also increases the solubility of gases in liquids, as lower temperatures reduce the kinetic energy of the gas molecules, allowing them to be more easily trapped and dissolved in the liquid.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following will speed up the dissolving of a solid solute in water?
- A.
Stir the solution
- B.
Cool the solution
- C.
Grind up the solvent
- D.
Freeze the solute
Correct Answer
A. Stir the solutionExplanation
Stirring the solution will speed up the dissolving of a solid solute in water because it increases the contact between the solute particles and the solvent molecules. This allows for a more efficient and faster mixing process, resulting in a quicker dissolution of the solute.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Water is sometimes referred to as the universal solvent because _____.
- A.
It has no separated positive and negative areas
- B.
It is a small molecule and can fit easily among the molecules of many solutes
- C.
It has a polar and nonpolar end
- D.
Its molecules can slip easily among molecules of a nonpolar solvent
Correct Answer
B. It is a small molecule and can fit easily among the molecules of many solutesExplanation
Water is sometimes referred to as the universal solvent because it is a small molecule and can fit easily among the molecules of many solutes. This means that water has the ability to dissolve a wide range of substances, making it an effective solvent for many chemical reactions and biological processes. Due to its small size, water molecules can surround and interact with solute molecules, breaking them apart and forming new bonds. This property of water allows it to dissolve and transport nutrients, minerals, and other substances in living organisms.Rate this question:
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- 18.
One commonly used precise way to describe concentrations of solutions is to state _____.
- A.
That the solution is dilute or concentrated
- B.
The percentage by area of the solute
- C.
The percentage by volume of the solute
- D.
The percentage by volume of the solvent
Correct Answer
C. The percentage by volume of the soluteExplanation
One commonly used precise way to describe concentrations of solutions is to state the percentage by volume of the solute. This measurement indicates the proportion of the solution that is made up of the solute, providing a clear indication of its concentration. It is a widely accepted method for expressing concentration and allows for easy comparison between different solutions.Rate this question:
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- 19.
A molecule with a positive and negative area is ___.
- A.
Polar
- B.
Nonpolar
- C.
Ionic
- D.
Radioactive
Correct Answer
A. PolarExplanation
A molecule with a positive and negative area is considered polar. Polar molecules have an uneven distribution of charge, with one side being more positive and the other side being more negative. This occurs when there is a difference in electronegativity between the atoms in the molecule, causing the electrons to be pulled towards one side more than the other.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent is its ______.
- A.
Concentration
- B.
Density
- C.
Solubility
- D.
Dilution
Correct Answer
C. SolubilityExplanation
Solubility refers to the maximum amount of a solute that can be dissolved in a given amount of solvent. It is a measure of how well a solute can dissolve in a solvent. Concentration, on the other hand, refers to the amount of solute present in a given amount of solution. Density is the mass per unit volume of a substance. Dilution is the process of reducing the concentration of a solute in a solution by adding more solvent. Therefore, solubility is the correct answer in this context.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Soap has a(n) ______ end that will dissolve in water and has a long hydrocarbon proton that will dissolve in oily dirt.
- A.
Ethanol
- B.
Dry
- C.
Toxic
- D.
Ionic
Correct Answer
D. IonicExplanation
Soap has an ionic end that will dissolve in water and a long hydrocarbon proton that will dissolve in oily dirt. This is because soap molecules are made up of a polar, hydrophilic (water-loving) head and a nonpolar, hydrophobic (water-fearing) tail. The ionic end of soap is attracted to water molecules, allowing it to dissolve in water. The hydrocarbon tail is attracted to oily substances, allowing it to dissolve in oily dirt. This property of soap makes it effective in removing dirt and oil from surfaces.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Adding a solute to a solvent raises the freezing point of the solvent.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
It lowers the freezing point.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Adding a solute to a solvent raises the boiling point of a solvent.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
When a solute is added to a solvent, it disrupts the attractive forces between the solvent molecules, making it harder for them to escape into the gas phase. As a result, more heat energy is required to raise the temperature of the solution to its boiling point. Therefore, adding a solute to a solvent increases the boiling point of the solvent.Rate this question:
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- 24.
A substance that produces ions in water is a nonelectrolyte.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
electrolyteRate this question:
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- 25.
The ocean is a solution because it is a mixture of salts and water.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
The explanation for the given correct answer is that the ocean is indeed a solution because it contains a mixture of salts and water. A solution is a homogeneous mixture where one substance (the solute) is dissolved in another substance (the solvent) at a molecular level. In the case of the ocean, the salts, such as sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and calcium carbonate, are dissolved in the water, making it a solution. This is evident from the fact that seawater has a salty taste and can be separated into its components through processes like evaporation.Rate this question:
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- 26.
A gas dissolves in a liquid most rapidly when under low pressure.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
highRate this question:
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- 27.
Adding antifreeze to a car radiator increases the boiling point of the water in the radiator.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Adding antifreeze to a car radiator increases the boiling point of the water in the radiator. Antifreeze contains chemicals, such as ethylene glycol, that raise the boiling point of the liquid in the radiator. This is important because it helps prevent the water from boiling and evaporating at high temperatures, which can lead to engine overheating and damage. By increasing the boiling point, antifreeze allows the engine to operate at higher temperatures without the risk of coolant loss or overheating.Rate this question:
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- 28.
A general statement that describes which substances dissolve which is "like dissolves unlike."
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
likeRate this question:
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- 29.
Because grease is nonpolar, it cannot be dissolved in water.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Grease is a nonpolar substance, meaning it lacks a charge and does not have the ability to form hydrogen bonds with water molecules. Since water is a polar solvent, it can only dissolve polar substances. Therefore, grease cannot be dissolved in water, making the statement true.Rate this question:
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- 30.
An alloy is a solid solution.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
An alloy is a solid solution because it is a mixture of two or more metals or a metal and a non-metal. In an alloy, the atoms of the different elements are uniformly distributed throughout the solid, forming a single phase. This results in the properties of the alloy being different from those of the individual elements, making it a solid solution.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The process called dissociation separates ionic crystals into ions.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
ionizationRate this question:
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Jan 10, 2013Quiz Created by
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