TRY OUT 2 UN KIMIA 2012

1.

1

2

3

4

5

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Explanation

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2.

I

II

III

IV

V

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Explanation

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3. Untuk menggeser kesetimbangan reaksi

ke arah kanan dapat dilakukan dengan ....

memperbesar volume

menaikkan tekanan

menurunka suhu

menambahkan katalis

memperkecil volume

Lowering the temperature can shift the equilibrium of a reaction to the right because it causes the reaction to favor the formation of products. According to Le Chatelier's principle, when the temperature is decreased, the reaction will try to counteract the change by producing more heat, which is achieved by favoring the exothermic reaction (the reaction that releases heat). This results in an increase in the concentration of products and a decrease in the concentration of reactants, shifting the equilibrium to the right.

Explanation

Lowering the temperature can shift the equilibrium of a reaction to the right because it causes the reaction to favor the formation of products. According to Le Chatelier's principle, when the temperature is decreased, the reaction will try to counteract the change by producing more heat, which is achieved by favoring the exothermic reaction (the reaction that releases heat). This results in an increase in the concentration of products and a decrease in the concentration of reactants, shifting the equilibrium to the right.

4.

1

2

3

4

5

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Explanation

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5. Berikut ini adalah beberapa sifat makromolekul : 1. Tidak tahan pada suhu tinggi 2. Tidak tahan pada perubahan pH yang ekstrim 3. Memiliki ion zwitter; dan 4. Tersusun atas beberapa asam amino Senyawa makromolekul yang cocok dengan sifat tersebut adalah ….

lipid

selulosa

protein

karet alam

amilum

Protein adalah senyawa makromolekul yang cocok dengan sifat-sifat yang diberikan. Protein tidak tahan pada suhu tinggi dan perubahan pH yang ekstrim. Selain itu, protein tersusun atas beberapa asam amino dan memiliki ion zwitter, yaitu memiliki muatan positif dan negatif pada bagian yang berbeda dalam molekul yang sama. Oleh karena itu, protein adalah pilihan yang tepat berdasarkan sifat-sifat yang diberikan.

Explanation

Protein adalah senyawa makromolekul yang cocok dengan sifat-sifat yang diberikan. Protein tidak tahan pada suhu tinggi dan perubahan pH yang ekstrim. Selain itu, protein tersusun atas beberapa asam amino dan memiliki ion zwitter, yaitu memiliki muatan positif dan negatif pada bagian yang berbeda dalam molekul yang sama. Oleh karena itu, protein adalah pilihan yang tepat berdasarkan sifat-sifat yang diberikan.

6.

P dan R

P dan Q

S dan T

Q dan S

R dan Q

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Explanation

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7. 4 mol SO3 dimasukkan dalam bejana 5 liter, dan terurai menurut reaksi 2SO₃ _(g)↔ 2SO _2(g)+ O_2(g). Jika pada saat kesetimbangan tercapai masih ada 1 mol SO₃ harga tetapan kesetimbangan adalah . . .

0,5

2,7

5,4

10,8

13,5

The equilibrium constant (Kc) for the given reaction can be calculated using the formula: Kc = [SO2]^2 * [O2] / [SO3]^2.

Since 4 moles of SO3 are initially present in a 5-liter container, the initial concentration of SO3 is 4/5 = 0.8 M. At equilibrium, 1 mole of SO3 is still present, so the equilibrium concentration of SO3 is 1/5 = 0.2 M.

Assuming the equilibrium concentrations of SO2 and O2 are x M, the equilibrium constant can be expressed as: Kc = (x^2)(x) / (0.2^2).

Simplifying the equation, we get: Kc = x^3 / 0.04.

Given that the equilibrium constant is 2.7, we can substitute it into the equation and solve for x: 2.7 = x^3 / 0.04.

Multiplying both sides by 0.04 and taking the cube root, we find that x ≈ 2.7^(1/3) ≈ 1.3 M.

Therefore, the equilibrium concentrations of SO2 and O2 are approximately 1.3 M, and the correct answer is 2.7.

Explanation

The equilibrium constant (Kc) for the given reaction can be calculated using the formula: Kc = [SO2]^2 * [O2] / [SO3]^2.

Since 4 moles of SO3 are initially present in a 5-liter container, the initial concentration of SO3 is 4/5 = 0.8 M. At equilibrium, 1 mole of SO3 is still present, so the equilibrium concentration of SO3 is 1/5 = 0.2 M.

Assuming the equilibrium concentrations of SO2 and O2 are x M, the equilibrium constant can be expressed as: Kc = (x^2)(x) / (0.2^2).

Simplifying the equation, we get: Kc = x^3 / 0.04.

Given that the equilibrium constant is 2.7, we can substitute it into the equation and solve for x: 2.7 = x^3 / 0.04.

Multiplying both sides by 0.04 and taking the cube root, we find that x ≈ 2.7^(1/3) ≈ 1.3 M.

Therefore, the equilibrium concentrations of SO2 and O2 are approximately 1.3 M, and the correct answer is 2.7.

8.

I

II

III

IV

V

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

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9. 1. C H3 – CH 2 – CH3 + Br2 ----> H3C – CH2 – CH2Br + HBr 2. CH3 – CH2 – OH -----> CH2 = CH2 + H2O Jenis reaksi yang terdapat pada persamaan reaksi nomor 1dan 2 berturut-turut adalah ....

adisi dan substitusi

substitusi dan eliminasi

substitusi dan adisi

eliminasi substitusi

adisi dan eliminasi

The reaction in equation 1 involves the substitution of a hydrogen atom (H) in the CH3-CH2-CH3 molecule with a bromine atom (Br) to form H3C-CH2-CH2Br. This is an example of a substitution reaction, where one atom or group is replaced by another.

The reaction in equation 2 involves the elimination of a water molecule (H2O) from the CH3-CH2-OH molecule to form CH2=CH2. This is an example of an elimination reaction, where a small molecule is removed from a larger molecule.

Therefore, the correct answer is "substitusi dan eliminasi" (substitution and elimination).

Explanation

The reaction in equation 1 involves the substitution of a hydrogen atom (H) in the CH3-CH2-CH3 molecule with a bromine atom (Br) to form H3C-CH2-CH2Br. This is an example of a substitution reaction, where one atom or group is replaced by another.

The reaction in equation 2 involves the elimination of a water molecule (H2O) from the CH3-CH2-OH molecule to form CH2=CH2. This is an example of an elimination reaction, where a small molecule is removed from a larger molecule.

Therefore, the correct answer is "substitusi dan eliminasi" (substitution and elimination).

10. Diketahui bahwa jika suhu dinaikan 20^oC, laju reaksi akan menjadi tiga kali lipat dari laju semula. Jika pada suhu t ^oC reaksi berlangsung selama 27 menit, pada suhu (t +60)^oC reaksi akan berlangsung selama ....

9 menit

3 menit

2 menit

1,5 menit

1 menit

Based on the given information, we know that if the temperature is increased by 20oC, the reaction rate will become three times faster. Therefore, if the reaction takes 27 minutes at temperature t oC, it will take one-third of that time, which is 9 minutes, at a temperature of (t + 60) oC. Thus, the correct answer is 9 minutes, not 1 minute.

Explanation

Based on the given information, we know that if the temperature is increased by 20oC, the reaction rate will become three times faster. Therefore, if the reaction takes 27 minutes at temperature t oC, it will take one-third of that time, which is 9 minutes, at a temperature of (t + 60) oC. Thus, the correct answer is 9 minutes, not 1 minute.

11.

Yang merupakan gugus asam alkanoat adalah

1

2

3

4

5

Gugus asam alkanoat adalah gugus fungsional yang terdiri dari rantai karbon alifatik yang dihubungkan dengan gugus karboksilat. Dalam pilihan yang diberikan, hanya pilihan 2 yang merupakan gugus asam alkanoat.

Explanation

Gugus asam alkanoat adalah gugus fungsional yang terdiri dari rantai karbon alifatik yang dihubungkan dengan gugus karboksilat. Dalam pilihan yang diberikan, hanya pilihan 2 yang merupakan gugus asam alkanoat.

12.

Endoterm sebab H awal > H akhir dan ∆H positif

Endoterm sebab H awal < H akhir dan ∆H positif

Endoterm sebab H awal < H akhir dan ∆H negatif

Eksoterm sebab H awal > H akhir dan ∆H negatif

Eksoterm sebab H awal < H akhir dan ∆H positif

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

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13. Larutan H₂SO₄ sebanyak 10 ml dititrasi dengan larutan NaOH 0,1 M. Jika larutan NaOH yang digunakan untuk sampai titik ekivalen adalah 25 ml maka konsentrasi H₂SO₄ tersebut adalah ....

2,5 M

1,25 M

0,25 M

0,125 M

0,061 M

The given question involves a titration between a 10 ml solution of H2SO4 and a 0.1 M solution of NaOH. It is stated that it takes 25 ml of the NaOH solution to reach the equivalence point. The equivalence point is reached when the moles of acid and base are equal. From the balanced chemical equation, we know that the ratio between H2SO4 and NaOH is 1:2. Therefore, since it takes 25 ml of 0.1 M NaOH to reach the equivalence point, it means that there were 0.025 moles of NaOH used. Since the ratio is 1:2, it means there were 0.0125 moles of H2SO4 used. Finally, dividing the moles of H2SO4 by the volume of the solution (0.01 L), we can calculate the concentration to be 0.125 M.

Explanation

The given question involves a titration between a 10 ml solution of H2SO4 and a 0.1 M solution of NaOH. It is stated that it takes 25 ml of the NaOH solution to reach the equivalence point. The equivalence point is reached when the moles of acid and base are equal. From the balanced chemical equation, we know that the ratio between H2SO4 and NaOH is 1:2. Therefore, since it takes 25 ml of 0.1 M NaOH to reach the equivalence point, it means that there were 0.025 moles of NaOH used. Since the ratio is 1:2, it means there were 0.0125 moles of H2SO4 used. Finally, dividing the moles of H2SO4 by the volume of the solution (0.01 L), we can calculate the concentration to be 0.125 M.

14.

1,825 gram

3,65 gram

7,3 gram

14,6 gram

21,9 gram

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

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15.

1

2

3

4

5

not-available-via-ai

Explanation

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16.

12 M/dt

24 M/dt

36 M/dt

48 M/dt

60 M/dt

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Explanation

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17. Untuk memurnikan koloid dari ion pengganggu dapat dilakukan dengan proses dialisis. Proses dialisis tersebut dapat dijumpai pada ....

Pengendapan lumpur dengan tawas

Pemutihan gula pasir

Pencucian darah pada penderita gagal ginjal

Pemberian norit pada penderita sakit perut

Pembuatan serum dari darah

Dialysis is a process used to purify colloids from interfering ions. In the case of kidney failure patients, their blood needs to be cleansed and purified through dialysis since their kidneys are unable to perform this function properly. Therefore, the process of blood washing in patients with kidney failure is a form of dialysis, making it the correct answer.

Explanation

Dialysis is a process used to purify colloids from interfering ions. In the case of kidney failure patients, their blood needs to be cleansed and purified through dialysis since their kidneys are unable to perform this function properly. Therefore, the process of blood washing in patients with kidney failure is a form of dialysis, making it the correct answer.

18. Isomer fungsi dari gambar berikut ini adalah ....

eti propil eter

2-etoksi propana

2-pentanol

3-heksanol

dietil eter

The correct answer is 2-pentanol. Isomer fungsi adalah senyawa yang memiliki rumus molekul yang sama tetapi memiliki susunan atom yang berbeda. Dalam gambar tersebut, 2-pentanol memiliki rumus molekul yang sama dengan senyawa lainnya, tetapi memiliki susunan atom yang berbeda.

Explanation

The correct answer is 2-pentanol. Isomer fungsi adalah senyawa yang memiliki rumus molekul yang sama tetapi memiliki susunan atom yang berbeda. Dalam gambar tersebut, 2-pentanol memiliki rumus molekul yang sama dengan senyawa lainnya, tetapi memiliki susunan atom yang berbeda.

19. JIka diketahui Ksp PbSO₄ = 1,6 x 10^-8 maka kelarutannya dalam larutan Pb(NO₃)₂ 0,1 M adalah ….

1,6 x 10^-9
1,6 x 10^-7
3,2 x 10^-8
4,0 x 10^-4
1,6 x 10^-4

I

II

III

IV

V

The correct answer is II because the solubility product constant (Ksp) is a measure of the solubility of a compound in a saturated solution. In this case, the Ksp of PbSO4 is given as 1.6 x 10-8. When Pb(NO3)2 is added to the solution, it will dissociate into Pb2+ ions. Since the concentration of Pb(NO3)2 is given as 0.1 M, the concentration of Pb2+ ions will also be 0.1 M. Therefore, the solubility of PbSO4 in this solution will be equal to the concentration of Pb2+ ions, which is 0.1 M.

Explanation

The correct answer is II because the solubility product constant (Ksp) is a measure of the solubility of a compound in a saturated solution. In this case, the Ksp of PbSO4 is given as 1.6 x 10-8. When Pb(NO3)2 is added to the solution, it will dissociate into Pb2+ ions. Since the concentration of Pb(NO3)2 is given as 0.1 M, the concentration of Pb2+ ions will also be 0.1 M. Therefore, the solubility of PbSO4 in this solution will be equal to the concentration of Pb2+ ions, which is 0.1 M.

20. Jika pada suhu tertentu diketahui Ksp AgCl = 4 x 10^-8 paka pada pencampuran 100 ml larutan AgNO₃ 0,0004 M dan 100 ml larutan HCl 0,0002 M yang terjadi adalah ….

Terjadi endapan
Larutan tepat jenuh
Belum terbentuk endapan
Konsentrasi ion Ag⁺bertambah
Konsentrasi ion Cl^- bertambah

I

II

III

IV

V

When 100 ml of 0.0004 M AgNO3 solution is mixed with 100 ml of 0.0002 M HCl solution, there will be no precipitation or formation of a solid. This is because the concentrations of Ag+ and Cl- ions in the solution are not high enough to exceed the solubility product constant (Ksp) of AgCl. Therefore, the correct answer is "Belum terbentuk endapan" which means "No precipitation has occurred".

Explanation

When 100 ml of 0.0004 M AgNO3 solution is mixed with 100 ml of 0.0002 M HCl solution, there will be no precipitation or formation of a solid. This is because the concentrations of Ag+ and Cl- ions in the solution are not high enough to exceed the solubility product constant (Ksp) of AgCl. Therefore, the correct answer is "Belum terbentuk endapan" which means "No precipitation has occurred".

Try Out 2 Un Kimia 2012