TOEIC Grammar & Vocabulary Practice

"Ahead of" is the correct phrase here because it expresses that something existed or occurred earlier than something else. "Until" implies duration, "due to" signals cause, and "despite" introduces contrast — none of which convey the chronological precedence intended in this sentence.

"Both" sets up the paired conjunction "both...and," connecting two required items. "As well as" can connect items but does not pair with "and" in this construction. "As soon as" introduces a time clause, and "compared to" signals a comparison — neither fits here.

An adverb is needed to modify the verb "contribute." "Regularly" correctly indicates that the action happens on a consistent, recurring basis. "Regularity" and "regularities" are nouns, and "regularize" is a verb — none of which can modify another verb in this position.

"Attend" is the correct verb because it takes a direct object without a preposition. "Participate" requires "in," "perform" means to carry out or execute, and "admit" means to acknowledge or grant entry — none of which fit naturally here.

An adjective is needed to modify the noun "scenery." "Attractive" correctly describes something visually appealing. "Attracts" and "attracting" are verb forms, and "attraction" is a noun — none of which can function as an adjective modifier before a noun.

The time marker "last Friday" indicates a specific point in the past, requiring the simple past tense. "Announced" is the correct form. "Announcing" is a participle, "announces" is present tense, and "have announced" is present perfect — none of which agree with a specific past time reference.

"Everyone" is correct because the sentence describes a universal requirement — all people must evacuate. "No one" is the opposite, "another" refers to an additional individual, and "anyone" implies optionality rather than obligation.

"In order to" correctly introduces a purpose infinitive clause, explaining why the company made the decision. "Because" requires a full clause, "in regard to" means concerning a topic, and "in the order of" refers to approximate quantity — none of which express purpose in this construction.

"Being considered" is a passive gerund phrase that correctly modifies "candidates," indicating they are under review. "Consideration" is a noun and cannot modify a noun phrase here, "considering" implies the candidates are doing the evaluating, and bare "consider" has no grammatical role in this position.

A noun is needed after the adjective "scheduled." "Construction" correctly refers to the work being carried out. "Constructs" is a verb, "constructive" is an adjective meaning helpful or positive, and "constructed" is a past participle — none of which function as a noun here.

"Unfamiliar" is correct because it collocates with "with" to mean not having knowledge or experience of something. "Difficult" describes a challenge rather than a state of awareness, "completed" is a past participle unrelated to the context, and "lucrative" means financially rewarding — none of which describe a person's familiarity with something.

A present tense verb is needed for the singular subject "The Central Housing Authority." "Expects" correctly agrees with a third-person singular subject. "Expectation" is a noun, "expected" is past tense, and "expectant" is an adjective — none of which function as the main verb in this sentence.

"Across" is the correct preposition because it indicates coverage of a wide geographic area — firms spread throughout Southeast Asia. "At" refers to a specific point, "by" indicates proximity or an agent, and "during" refers to time — none of which convey the broad geographic distribution intended here.

"Record" refers to a documented account of expenses. "Qualification" refers to credentials, "regulation" refers to a rule or policy, and "instruction" refers to a directive or guide — none of which describe a log of financial transactions.

After the linking verb "become," an adjective is required to describe the subject. "Competitive" correctly describes the nature of the event. "Competitions" is a noun, "compete" is a verb, and "competitively" is an adverb — none of which can follow a linking verb as a subject complement.

The comparative form "bolder" is required here because the sentence draws a direct comparison between the new director and her predecessor using "than." "Boldest" is superlative and requires "the," "bold" is the base form, and "boldly" is an adverb that cannot modify the noun "approach."

"Locate" means to find or identify the position of something, which is exactly what tourists need help with. "Remind" means to bring something back to memory, "guide" means to lead or direct, and "advance" means to move forward or promote — none of which capture the act of finding a specific place.

"Product" refers to something that results from a process — in this case, years of effort. "Producer" refers to a person or entity that makes something, "producing" is a gerund or participle, and "produced" is a past participle — none of which can serve as the subject complement after "is" in this construction.

"Without" is the correct preposition because it indicates the absence of something — in this case, the required documents. "Among" indicates a position within a group, "usually" is an adverb of frequency, and "already" refers to something done before a certain time — none of which fit here.

An adverb is required here to modify the verb "reviewed." "Carefully" correctly describes how the review was conducted. "Careful" is an adjective, "care" is a noun or verb, and "caring" refers to showing concern for others — none of which can modify a verb in this position.

"Analysis" is the correct noun here because it refers to a detailed examination of data — in this case, customer feedback. "Opportunity" means a favorable circumstance, "contract" is a legal agreement, and "summary" implies a brief overview rather than an in-depth examination.

"Specific" means clearly defined or particular, which fits the context of detailed packing guidelines. "Occupied" means in use or busy, "predictable" means easy to foresee, and "accountable" means responsible — none of which describe guidelines in this context.

An adverb of frequency is needed to modify the verb "experience," describing how often the power outages occur. "Frequently" correctly means happening often. "Approximately" refers to estimation, "enthusiastically" refers to eagerness, and "rigidly" means in a strict or inflexible manner — none of which describe the recurrence of an event.

An adverb is needed to modify the verb "complete." "Effectively" describes how the action is carried out. "Effective" is an adjective, "effect" is a noun or verb, and "effectiveness" is a noun — none of which can modify a verb.

"Entrusted" is correct because it collocates with "with" to mean assigning responsibility to someone. "Demonstrated" means to show or prove, "selected" means to choose, and "participated" means to take part — none of which convey the delegation of a specific responsibility.

A possessive pronoun is needed before the noun "designs" to indicate ownership. "Their" correctly attributes the designs to Hartfield Motors. "They" is a subject pronoun, "them" is an object pronoun, and "theirs" is a standalone possessive that cannot precede a noun.

The structure "as...as" is used to make equal comparisons. The second "as" completes the comparison between two publications. "In," "at," and "among" are prepositions that do not complete this comparative structure.

"At" is the correct preposition when referring to a specific location or source. "On" typically refers to a surface or platform, "below" indicates a lower position, and "by" indicates proximity or an agent — none of which naturally collocate with retrieving information from an institute.

"Market" is the correct noun here because it refers to the commercial demand for a product or service — in this case, sustainable packaging. "Revision" means a correction or update, "model" refers to a representation or design, and "hotel" is entirely unrelated to the context.

"Whereas" correctly introduces a contrasting clause, highlighting the difference between the two companies' performances. "What" is a relative pronoun, "then" indicates sequence, and "despite" is a preposition that must be followed by a noun or gerund — not a full clause.

A noun is required after the preposition "for." "Enthusiasts" correctly refers to people who are passionate about a particular activity. "Enthused" is a verb or adjective, "enthusiastic" is an adjective, and "enthusiastically" is an adverb — none of which can function as the object of a preposition.

"In honor of" is a fixed prepositional phrase used to express tribute or recognition toward someone. "To honor" would require a restructured sentence, "honoring" functions as a participle and changes the meaning, and bare "honor" cannot follow "of" in this construction.

An adverb is needed to modify the adjective "detailed." "Extensively" means in a thorough and wide-ranging manner, which fits the context of a comprehensive report. "Immediately" relates to time, "eventually" means at some point in the future, and "immensely" means to a very great degree — while grammatically possible, "immensely detailed" is less precise and natural than "extensively detailed" in a professional context.

An adjective is needed before the noun "performance." "Optimal" correctly means best possible or most favorable. "Optimizing" and "optimize" are verb forms, and "optimally" is an adverb — none of which can precede a noun as a modifier.

After the preposition "before," a gerund (verb + ing) is required. "Exiting" correctly follows this rule. "Exit" is the base form, "exited" is past tense, and "exits" is the third-person singular present — none of which can follow a preposition.

"Allow" is correct because it fits the structure "allow someone to do something," meaning to give permission or make something possible. "Prevent" means to stop, "provide" requires a different structure (provide someone with something), and "show" does not convey the idea of granting access.

"If" correctly introduces a conditional clause, indicating that contacting the compliance office depends on witnessing misconduct. "Which" is a relative pronoun, "until" expresses duration, and "despite" signals contrast — none of which introduce a conditional clause.

"Initial" correctly means first or early-stage, describing results from the beginning of the trial. "Ahead" and "forward" are directional terms that do not modify nouns in this way, and "optimal" means best possible — which contradicts the need for further testing.

"Advancement" correctly refers to the process of being promoted to a higher position. "Openings" refers to available positions, "vacancy" refers to an unfilled post, and "challenges" refers to difficulties — none of which describe the act of moving someone up within an organization.

"Exhibition" is the correct word because it refers to a public display of art or artifacts. "Creativity" is an abstract quality, "record" refers to documented information, and "appointment" refers to a scheduled meeting — none of which fit the context of a museum event.