TOEFL Mini-test (Skills 30-32)

The word “being” is incorrect because it follows the auxiliary verb “has,” which requires the past participle “been.” The correct structure is “has been translated.” Present perfect passive constructions must follow the pattern “has/have been + past participle.” Using a gerund instead of a past participle breaks grammatical rules and results in an incorrect sentence.

The word “establish” is incorrect because passive voice requires the past participle form “established.” The structure “was + past participle” is necessary for passive sentences. Using the base verb instead of the past participle creates a grammatical error. Correct verb form ensures clarity and proper sentence structure in passive constructions.

The phrase “would has” is incorrect because modal verbs must be followed by the base form “have.” The correct phrase is “would have.” Modal constructions follow strict patterns, and using the wrong verb form disrupts tense consistency. This correction ensures proper grammatical structure in conditional or reported statements.

The word “came” is incorrect because it follows “were,” which requires a present participle in continuous tense. The correct form is “were coming.” Mixing verb forms incorrectly leads to grammatical inconsistency. Proper tense agreement is essential to clearly express ongoing past actions in English.

The word “wins” is incorrect because it follows “has,” which requires the past participle “won.” Present perfect tense uses “has/have + past participle.” Using a present tense verb instead creates a grammatical error. Correct tense usage ensures accurate expression of completed actions.

The word “held” is incorrect because it follows the modal “could,” which must be followed by the base form “hold.” Modal verbs do not take past tense forms directly. Using the wrong verb form breaks grammatical rules. Correct usage ensures clarity and proper sentence construction.

The word “be” is incorrect because present perfect passive requires “been.” The correct structure is “has been developed.” Auxiliary verbs must be followed by the correct participle form. Using the base verb instead of the past participle creates a grammatical error in passive constructions.

The word “make” is incorrect because passive voice requires the past participle “made.” The structure “are + past participle” must be used. Using the base verb instead of the past participle disrupts the passive construction, leading to incorrect grammar.

The word “had” is incorrect because modal verbs like “may” must be followed by the base form “have.” The correct phrase is “may have.” Using a past tense verb instead of the base form violates modal verb rules and results in incorrect sentence structure.

The word “tries” is incorrect because passive voice requires the past participle “tried.” The structure “was + past participle” must be followed. Using present tense instead of past participle creates a grammatical error and disrupts sentence clarity.