The Skeletal System Chapter 6: Questions and Terms

The skeletal system is composed of 206 bones. This is the correct answer because the human body typically has 206 bones. The skeletal system provides support, protection, and movement for the body. It includes bones of different shapes and sizes, such as long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. These bones work together to form the framework of the body and allow for various functions, including walking, running, and lifting.

The correct answer is axial and appendicular. The skeletal system is divided into two main divisions: the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton includes the bones of the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage, which provide support and protection for the vital organs. The appendicular skeleton includes the bones of the upper and lower limbs, as well as the pectoral and pelvic girdles, which are involved in movement and locomotion.

Tibia, femur, and thigh bone are classified as long bones. Long bones are characterized by their elongated shape, with a shaft and two ends. They provide support, mobility, and strength to the body. Tibia, femur, and thigh bone are all major bones in the human body, and they fit the criteria of long bones with their elongated structure and functions in weight-bearing and movement.

The classification "sutural or wormian" refers to the bones that are found within the sutures or joints between the bones of the skull. These bones are small and irregularly shaped, and they are not present in every individual. They are considered accessory bones and are formed due to the incomplete fusion of the skull bones.

The correct answer is kneecap, patella. The bone classification Sesamoid refers to small, round bones that are embedded within tendons or joint capsules. The patella, also known as the kneecap, is a sesamoid bone located in the front of the knee joint. It acts as a protective shield for the knee joint and helps in the transmission of forces between the thigh and leg muscles.

Vertebrae and ossicles of the ear are classified as irregular bones because they do not fit into any other category of bone classification. Irregular bones have complex shapes with varying sizes and do not have a consistent shape or structure. They often have multiple processes and functions, such as protecting vital organs and providing attachment points for muscles.

Carpals and tarsals are classified as short bones because they are approximately equal in length and width. Short bones provide stability and support, and they are found in areas where fine movements are required, such as the wrists and ankles. They are composed of a thin layer of compact bone surrounding a spongy, trabecular bone. The shape and structure of short bones allow for a greater range of motion and flexibility compared to other bone classifications.

The term "head" refers to the rounded end of a bone. In anatomy, the head is a prominent, rounded, or expanded part of a bone that usually articulates with another bone. It can also refer to the rounded portion at the top of the femur bone, which fits into the hip socket. The head of a bone often allows for movement and plays a crucial role in joint function.

Sinus refers to the air cavity within certain bones. It is a hollow space found in the bones of the skull and face, such as the frontal, ethmoid, and maxillary bones. These sinuses are lined with mucous membranes and are connected to the nasal passages. The purpose of the sinuses is to lighten the weight of the skull, provide resonance to the voice, and produce mucus to help moisten and filter the air we breathe.

A tubercle is a small rounded process on a bone. It is a small bump or projection that serves as an attachment point for ligaments or tendons. It is different from a tuberosity, which is a larger, rougher projection on a bone. A sulcus is a groove or furrow on a bone, while a trochanter is a large, prominent process found only on the femur bone. Therefore, the correct answer is tubercle, as it fits the description of a small rounded process.

Ribs, shoulder blades, and parts of the pelvic girdle are classified as flat bones. Flat bones are thin, flat, and often curved bones that provide protection for underlying organs and serve as attachment sites for muscles. Examples of flat bones include the skull, sternum, and scapula.

The word "spine" is the correct answer because it is the only word in the list that is related to the head. The other words, "pointed," "sharp," "slender," "process," "sulcus," and "fissure," do not specifically pertain to the head.

Process refers to a bony projection or prominence that serves as an attachment site for muscles, tendons, or ligaments. It can also be a part of a bone that forms a joint with another bone. This explanation aligns with the given correct answer, which is "process".

The term "crest" refers to a ridge on a bone. This ridge is a prominent, elevated area on the surface of the bone. It can serve as an attachment point for muscles, tendons, and ligaments. The crest provides structural support and stability to the bone.

A foramen is an opening in the bone that allows for the passage of blood vessels, ligaments, and nerves. It serves as a pathway for these structures to travel through the bone and reach different parts of the body.

A fossa is a shallow depression in or on a bone. It is a term used in anatomy to describe a concave or hollow area on the surface of a bone. Fossae can be found in various parts of the body, such as the skull, pelvis, or shoulder. They serve as attachment sites for muscles, tendons, or ligaments, and can also provide space for blood vessels or nerves to pass through. Overall, a fossa is a specific anatomical feature that helps to identify and describe the structure and function of bones in the body.

The trochanter is a boney projection found either below the neck or the femur. It is a large, roughened prominence that serves as an attachment point for muscles. The other options, meatus, tuberosity, and tubercle, do not accurately describe the boney projections below the neck or femur. A meatus refers to a canal or opening, while a tuberosity is a rounded prominence and a tubercle is a small, rounded projection. Therefore, the correct answer is trochanter.

A sulcus is a groove or depression, often found in the brain or on the surface of an organ. It is a narrow, elongated furrow that separates parts of an organ or structure. In this context, the term "sulcus" is being used to describe a specific type of groove or depression.

A fissure is a narrow opening or crack between two bones. It is a natural separation or division that can be found in various parts of the body, such as the brain or the lungs. This term is commonly used in anatomy to describe a deep and elongated groove or cleft. In this context, a fissure can be seen as a slit-like opening between two bones, making it the correct answer.

A condyle is a rounded projection that enters into the formation of a joint or articulation. It is a specific anatomical structure that is often found on the ends of long bones, such as the femur or the mandible. The condyle helps to facilitate movement and stability within the joint, allowing for smooth and controlled motion.

A tuberosity is a large rounded process on a bone where muscles and tendons attach. It serves as an attachment point for muscles, providing stability and strength to the bone. This structure is typically larger and more prominent compared to other processes on the bone. Therefore, the correct answer is tuberosity.