Tcm 1131 Test 1

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1. If there is a conflict or discrepancy in a subdivision plat which has been incorporated into the legal description of an individual lot, which descriptive device governs?

Explanation

In the context of a subdivision plat, monuments refer to physical markers or objects that are used to identify and define property boundaries. They are typically placed at key points on the land, such as corners or intersections, and are considered the most reliable and accurate method for determining property boundaries. Therefore, if there is a conflict or discrepancy in the subdivision plat that has been incorporated into the legal description of an individual lot, the descriptive device that governs would be monuments.

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About This Quiz
Construction Management Quizzes & Trivia

TCM 1131 Test 1 evaluates knowledge on project manuals, zoning codes, and architectural considerations for building designs. It assesses understanding of components like bidding requirements, contract conditions, and material efficiencies in construction projects.

2. Reinforcing steel is placed in typical concrete slabs to resist

Explanation

Reinforcing steel is placed in typical concrete slabs to resist tensile stresses. Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension. When a load is applied to a concrete slab, it can cause the bottom portion to be compressed and the top portion to be stretched. This creates tensile stresses in the concrete, which can lead to cracking and failure. By adding reinforcing steel, such as rebar, it helps to distribute the tensile stresses and prevent the concrete from cracking, increasing the overall strength and durability of the slab.

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3. The prime meridian designated as 0 degrees longitude passes through what location?

Explanation

The prime meridian, designated as 0 degrees longitude, passes through Greenwich. This location was chosen as the reference point for measuring longitude because it is the site of the Royal Observatory in London, which played a significant role in the development of modern navigation and timekeeping systems. The prime meridian divides the Earth into the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) is based on this meridian. Therefore, Greenwich is the correct answer for the location through which the prime meridian passes.

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4. Sixty to seventy-five percent of the volume of concrete is..

Explanation

The correct answer is aggregate. In concrete, aggregate refers to the mixture of sand, gravel, crushed stone, and other materials that are used to fill up the space between cement particles. It accounts for a significant percentage of the volume of concrete, typically ranging from 60 to 75 percent. Aggregates provide strength and stability to the concrete mixture, making it durable and capable of withstanding loads and stresses.

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5. Which is the more expensive type of column reinforcing ties?

Explanation

Spiral reinforcing ties are typically more expensive than other types of column reinforcing ties. This is because spiral ties are made by winding a continuous steel bar in a helical pattern around the column, which requires more labor and time compared to other types of ties. Additionally, spiral ties provide better structural integrity and load-bearing capacity, making them a preferred choice for high-rise buildings and structures, further contributing to their higher cost.

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6. Select the correct statement comparing factory prefabrication with site fabrication

Explanation

Prefabrication can make greater use of power tools and machinery than site fabrication because in a factory setting, there is more space and resources available to accommodate large machinery and equipment. Additionally, the controlled environment of a factory allows for efficient and continuous use of power tools, leading to faster and more precise construction processes. On the other hand, site fabrication often faces limitations in terms of space and access to resources, making it less conducive to extensive use of power tools and machinery.

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7. Other conditions being constant, what is the relationship between the water-cement ratio and the durability of concrete?

Explanation

As the water-cement ratio increases, the durability of concrete decreases. This is because a higher water-cement ratio results in a more porous concrete structure, which allows for more water to penetrate and damage the concrete over time. The excess water also leads to increased shrinkage and cracking, further reducing the durability of the concrete. Therefore, maintaining a lower water-cement ratio is essential for improving the durability and long-term performance of concrete structures.

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8. When is the compressive strength of concrete typically tested during a construction project?

Explanation

The compressive strength of concrete is typically tested after 7 and 28 days of curing. This is because concrete gains strength over time as it cures and hardens. Testing the compressive strength at these specific time intervals allows engineers to assess the quality and durability of the concrete. The 7-day test provides an early indication of the concrete's strength, while the 28-day test is considered the standard for evaluating its long-term strength. By conducting tests at both time intervals, any potential issues with the concrete can be identified and addressed before further construction takes place.

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9. What is the nominal of a #6 rebar?

Explanation

The nominal size of a #6 rebar is 3/4 inch. Rebar is commonly used in construction for reinforcing concrete structures. The number in the rebar designation refers to the diameter of the rebar in eighths of an inch. Therefore, a #6 rebar has a diameter of 6/8 inch or 3/4 inch.

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10.   Which agency encourages housing production through mortgage insurance and various subsidies?

Explanation

The Department of Housing and Urban Development encourages housing production through mortgage insurance and various subsidies. This agency is responsible for implementing policies and programs that promote affordable housing and urban development in the United States. They provide mortgage insurance to lenders, which encourages them to provide loans for homebuyers with lower down payments and credit scores. Additionally, the department offers subsidies and grants to developers and organizations to support the construction and rehabilitation of affordable housing units.

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11. What is the minimum width of a door for wheel chair accessibility?

Explanation

The minimum width of a door for wheelchair accessibility is 32 inches. This width allows for easy passage of a wheelchair through the door without any obstructions or difficulties. A door with a width less than 32 inches may not provide enough space for a wheelchair to pass through comfortably, potentially causing inconvenience or difficulty for individuals using wheelchairs.

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12. Under Unified Soil Classification system, which of the following abbreviations stands for "well-graded gravel"?

Explanation

In the Unified Soil Classification system, the abbreviation GW stands for "well-graded gravel." This means that the gravel particles are evenly distributed across a wide range of sizes, resulting in a well-graded mixture. This type of gravel has good drainage properties and is commonly used in construction and civil engineering projects.

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13. Other conditions being constant. what is the relationship between the water-cement ratio and the strength of concrete?

Explanation

As the water-cement ratio increases, the strength of concrete decreases. This is because a higher water-cement ratio means that there is more water in the mixture compared to the amount of cement. This excess water can lead to a weaker and more porous concrete structure, reducing its overall strength. Therefore, it is important to maintain an appropriate water-cement ratio to ensure the desired strength and durability of the concrete.

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14. The chemical reaction between Portland cement and water is know as

Explanation

Hydration is the correct answer because when Portland cement is mixed with water, a chemical reaction occurs where water molecules react with the cement compounds to form new compounds. This reaction is known as hydration and it is responsible for the hardening and setting of the cement mixture, ultimately leading to the formation of a solid and durable material. Consolidation refers to the process of compaction and settlement of soil or sediment layers. Vitrification is the transformation of a substance into a glass-like solid. Coagulation is the process of forming a solid or gel from a liquid.

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15. Identify the concrete surface defect which consists of the breaking away of the hardened concrete surface of a slab to a depth of about 1/16 to 3/16 inch.

Explanation

Scaling is the correct answer because it refers to the breaking away of the hardened concrete surface of a slab to a depth of about 1/16 to 3/16 inch. This defect occurs due to freeze-thaw cycles, the use of improper mix proportions, or inadequate curing. Crazing refers to the formation of shallow cracks on the concrete surface, dusting refers to the formation of a powdery layer on the surface, and chipping refers to the breaking away of larger pieces of concrete.

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16. The first step in finishing a concrete slab after concrete has been placed into the formwork is...

Explanation

Screeding is the initial step in finishing a concrete slab after it has been poured into the formwork. It involves using a straight board or a screed to level the concrete and remove any excess material. By dragging the screed across the surface, the concrete is distributed evenly and any high spots are leveled out. This process ensures that the slab has a smooth and flat surface, providing a solid foundation for further finishing techniques such as floating, darbying, and troweling.

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17. Type II (Moderate) portland cement should be used..

Explanation

Type II (Moderate) portland cement should be used where sulfate concentrations in the groundwater are higher than normal. This is because Type II cement has a lower heat of hydration, which reduces the risk of sulfate attack. Sulfate ions can react with the tricalcium aluminate (C3A) in cement to form expansive compounds, leading to cracking and deterioration of the concrete. Therefore, using Type II cement helps to mitigate the effects of sulfate attack in areas with higher sulfate concentrations in the groundwater.

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18. What proportion is considered to be ideal for rectangular segments of concrete slabs defined by control joints (assuming that the maximum size allowed is not superseded)?

Explanation

The ideal proportion for rectangular segments of concrete slabs defined by control joints is 1:1. This means that the length of the segment is equal to its width. This proportion helps to control cracking and movement in the concrete by providing evenly spaced joints that allow for expansion and contraction.

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19. Compared to buildings with small floor plans, buildings with large floor plans enclose

Explanation

Buildings with large floor plans enclose more space per unit of exterior wall cladding. This means that for every unit of exterior wall cladding, a larger building is able to enclose a greater amount of interior space compared to a smaller building. In other words, the exterior wall of a larger building is able to enclose a larger volume of interior space, making it more efficient in terms of space utilization.

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20. Identify an advantage of prefabrication over site-fabrication

Explanation

Prefabrication offers the advantage of a shorter period of time required for site assembly and construction compared to site-fabrication. This is because prefabricated components are manufactured off-site in controlled environments, allowing for simultaneous construction activities to take place. This reduces the overall construction time as the site assembly can be completed quickly once the prefabricated components are delivered. On the other hand, site-fabrication involves constructing each component on-site, which can be time-consuming and may cause delays due to factors such as weather conditions and labor availability. Therefore, prefabrication is a more efficient method for completing construction projects in a shorter timeframe.

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21. Identify an advantage of site-fabrication over prefabrication

Explanation

Site-fabrication has an advantage over prefabrication in terms of greater acceptance by consumers and builders. This means that consumers and builders are more likely to prefer and embrace site-fabrication as a construction method. This could be due to various reasons such as the ability to customize the construction according to specific requirements, the flexibility to make changes during the construction process, and the perception of higher quality and craftsmanship associated with on-site construction. Ultimately, this acceptance can lead to increased demand for site-fabrication and potentially more business opportunities for builders.

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22. Portland cement is named after..

Explanation

Portland cement is named after the stone of the Isle of Portland. The stone of the Isle of Portland is a type of limestone that was commonly used in the production of cement. This particular type of limestone has unique properties that make it ideal for making cement, such as its high calcium content. Therefore, the cement produced using this stone was named after its source, the Isle of Portland.

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23. Why was the Metes and Bounds system of surveying replaced by the Rectangular System in the westward expansion after the Revolutionary War?

Explanation

The Metes and Bounds system of surveying relied heavily on natural monuments, such as trees or rocks, to mark property boundaries. However, in the undeveloped lands of the westward expansion after the Revolutionary War, there was a shortage of these natural monuments. This made it difficult to accurately survey and establish property boundaries using the Metes and Bounds system. As a result, the Rectangular System, which used a grid pattern based on meridians and parallels, was introduced as a more practical and efficient method of surveying in these areas.

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24. For a given water cement ratio, what happens to the amount of portland cement required in a mix as the maximum size of well graded coarse aggregate increases?

Explanation

As the maximum size of well graded coarse aggregate increases, the amount of portland cement required in a mix decreases. This is because larger aggregate particles take up more space, reducing the amount of cement needed to fill in the gaps and achieve the desired water-cement ratio. Therefore, as the aggregate size increases, less cement is required to achieve the desired mix proportions.

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25. Identify a common choice for control joints in exposed aggregate concrete slabs

Explanation

Sawing is a common choice for control joints in exposed aggregate concrete slabs. Control joints are used to allow for the natural expansion and contraction of the concrete, preventing cracks and damage. Sawing is a precise method that involves cutting straight lines into the concrete surface using a saw. This helps to control where the cracks will occur and allows for better control over the appearance of the exposed aggregate. By creating control joints through sawing, the concrete slab can maintain its structural integrity while also achieving a visually appealing finish.

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26. Who produces project manual?

Explanation

The project designer produces the project manual. This manual contains all the necessary information and instructions for the construction project, including design specifications, materials, and construction techniques. The project designer is responsible for creating and documenting the design concept and ensuring that it is properly communicated to the project contractor and other stakeholders. The project manual serves as a guide for the construction process and helps ensure that the project is executed according to the designer's vision and specifications.

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27. Compared to single story buildings, multi-story buildings require:

Explanation

Multi-story buildings require less foundation wall and less roofing material per unit of enclosed space compared to single-story buildings. This is because multi-story buildings can utilize vertical space more efficiently, allowing for more units of enclosed space to be built on a smaller footprint. The vertical design reduces the need for additional foundation walls and roofing material, resulting in cost and material savings.

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28. What is the maximum slope appropriate for ramp designed for wheelchair accessibility

Explanation

The maximum slope appropriate for a ramp designed for wheelchair accessibility is 1:12. This means that for every 12 units of horizontal distance, the ramp should only rise 1 unit vertically. This slope is recommended to ensure that wheelchair users can safely and comfortably navigate the ramp without excessive effort or risk of tipping over. A steeper slope could pose challenges and potential hazards for wheelchair users.

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29. What is the relationship between maximum size aggregate and the total air content of a concrete mix?

Explanation

As the maximum aggregate size increases, the total percent of air allowed in a concrete mix must decrease. This is because larger aggregate particles take up more space in the mix, leaving less room for air voids. Therefore, in order to maintain the desired air content, the percentage of air allowed must be reduced.

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30. How should cement and aggregate be measured when proportioning for a mix of concrete?

Explanation

Cement and aggregate should be measured by weight when proportioning for a mix of concrete. This is because the strength and durability of concrete depend on the precise ratio of cement to aggregate. By measuring them by weight, we ensure that the correct proportions are maintained, resulting in a consistent and reliable concrete mix. Measuring by volume, shovel, or wheelbarrow may introduce inaccuracies and variations in the mix, leading to potential issues with the quality of the concrete.

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31. When placing concrete for a wall, what is the proper order of placement?

Explanation

When placing concrete for a wall, it is recommended to start by placing concrete at the ends of the wall first and then progress toward the center. This order of placement helps to ensure that the concrete is evenly distributed and properly compacted throughout the wall. Starting at the ends allows for better control and prevents the concrete from drying out too quickly, which can lead to weak spots or cracks. Gradually moving towards the center helps to achieve a uniform and structurally sound wall.

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32. Identify the item which is considered to be a part of the dead load on a building

Explanation

Floor joists are considered to be a part of the dead load on a building. Dead load refers to the permanent weight of the building components that do not change over time, such as the structural elements like floor joists. These elements contribute to the overall weight of the building and are designed to support the weight of the building itself, as well as any additional loads that may be placed on it. Therefore, floor joists are considered as a part of the dead load on a building.

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33. A detailed, precise description of a product or practice is a:

Explanation

A specification is a detailed and precise description of a product or practice. It outlines the specific requirements and characteristics that the product or practice must meet. It provides clear instructions and guidelines for the development, production, or implementation of the product or practice. A specification helps ensure consistency and quality by defining the necessary features, dimensions, materials, performance criteria, and other relevant details. It serves as a reference document for designers, engineers, manufacturers, and other stakeholders involved in the development or implementation process.

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34. A slump test measures

Explanation

A slump test is a method used to measure the consistency of freshly mixed concrete. It determines the degree of flowability and workability of the concrete mixture. By measuring the slump, which is the amount of vertical settlement that the concrete undergoes after a slump cone is removed, the test provides an indication of the water content and workability of the concrete. Therefore, the correct answer is consistency, as the slump test is specifically used to measure the consistency of the concrete mixture.

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35. Which slab on grade contains WWF but does not contain reinforcing bars except in localized areas

Explanation

Slab II on grade contains WWF (Welded Wire Fabric) but does not contain reinforcing bars except in localized areas. This means that the slab has a layer of WWF throughout its surface, providing additional strength and support. However, it does not have a continuous placement of reinforcing bars, except in specific areas where additional reinforcement may be required due to localized stress or load conditions.

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36. What material is typically used for bearing pads under precast beams, girders, and tees?

Explanation

Synthetic rubber is typically used for bearing pads under precast beams, girders, and tees. This material is chosen because it offers excellent durability and resilience, allowing it to effectively absorb and distribute the load from the beams and girders. Synthetic rubber is also resistant to wear and tear, providing long-lasting support for the precast elements. Additionally, it has good friction properties, ensuring stability and preventing slippage between the beams and the pads.

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37. "General Business" is categorized into which International Zoning Code zone?

Explanation

"General Business" is categorized into the "commercial" zone in the International Zoning Code. This means that the area designated as "General Business" is intended for commercial activities such as retail stores, offices, and other commercial establishments. It is not categorized as agricultural, residential, or institutional, which have their own specific purposes and regulations within the zoning code.

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38. Which slab-on-grade types are separated from the elements that support the superstructure?

Explanation

Slab-on-grade types I and II are separated from the elements that support the superstructure.

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39. Identify the concrete slab joint which typically occurs around the base of a column

Explanation

The correct answer is "isolation." Isolation joints are typically used around the base of a column in a concrete slab. These joints are designed to separate the column from the surrounding slab, allowing for independent movement and preventing cracks or damage that could occur due to the settlement or expansion of the column. By isolating the column, any movement or shifting that may happen will not affect the slab, ensuring its stability and durability.

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40. Identify the agency that tests components and devices for purposes of fire and electrical safety and whose "label" on products verifies their having met required standards.

Explanation

Underwriters Laboratories is the agency that tests components and devices for purposes of fire and electrical safety. Their "label" on products verifies that they have met the required standards.

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41. The horizontal members that supports the sheet piles are usually called:

Explanation

Walers are the horizontal members that support the sheet piles. They provide additional stability and prevent the sheet piles from bending or buckling under the pressure of the soil or water. Walers are typically installed parallel to the sheet piles and are used to distribute the loads evenly across the entire wall. They help to maintain the alignment and position of the sheet piles, ensuring that they remain in place and perform their intended function effectively.

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42. In what kinds of concrete is air-entrainment essential?

Explanation

Air-entrainment is essential in concrete exposed to freeze-thaw cycles because when water freezes, it expands and exerts pressure on the concrete. This can lead to cracking and deterioration of the structure. By incorporating air-entraining agents, tiny air bubbles are introduced into the concrete mix, which act as pressure relief valves when water freezes and expands. These air voids accommodate the expansion, reducing the risk of cracking and increasing the durability of the concrete in freeze-thaw conditions.

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43. Identify the appropriate materials for the tool used to float concrete

Explanation

The appropriate materials for the tool used to float concrete are aluminum or magnesium. These materials are commonly used for concrete floats because they are lightweight and have a smooth surface that allows for easy and effective smoothing and leveling of the concrete surface. They are also durable and resistant to corrosion, making them suitable for use in wet environments. Wood and steel, on the other hand, may not be as effective or practical for this purpose.

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44. The rule of thumb for footing design calls for the thickness of the footing to be equal to...

Explanation

The correct answer is "the thickness of the foundation wall." This is because the footing is designed to distribute the load of the structure evenly to the soil. By having the footing thickness equal to the foundation wall thickness, it ensures that the load is evenly distributed and prevents any uneven settlement or structural issues.

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45. Which is the following is not one of the three basic project delivery systems in today's construction industry?

Explanation

The correct answer is "fast-tract." This is not one of the three basic project delivery systems in today's construction industry. The three basic project delivery systems are design-bid-build, construction management, and design build. Fast-tract is not commonly used as a project delivery system in the construction industry.

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46. Which glazing is not appropriate for doors and sidelights?

Explanation

Annealed glass is not appropriate for doors and sidelights because it is a type of regular glass that has not been treated for strength or safety. It is more prone to breakage and can shatter into large, sharp pieces when broken, posing a safety risk. In contrast, tempered glass is specifically designed to be stronger and safer, as it undergoes a heating and cooling process that increases its strength and causes it to break into small, dull pieces. Laminated glass is also a safer option as it consists of two or more layers of glass with an interlayer that holds the glass together when broken. Plastic is another suitable alternative as it is lightweight and impact-resistant.

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47. Compared with excavating cohesive soils such as clay, the angle of excavation for excavating cohesionless soil such as sand should be:

Explanation

When excavating cohesive soils like clay, the angle of excavation needs to be deeper to prevent collapse. However, when excavating cohesionless soil like sand, the angle of excavation can be shallower because sand has a lower cohesive strength and is less likely to collapse. Therefore, the correct answer is "Shallower."

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48. Roman cement containing puzzolana was different from the lime based cements in that..

Explanation

Roman cement containing puzzolana was different from lime-based cements because it had the unique property of being able to set underwater. Unlike lime-based cements, which require a dry environment to set and harden, the inclusion of puzzolana in Roman cement allowed it to react with water and form a solid mass even when submerged. This made it a valuable material for constructing structures such as harbors, bridges, and aqueducts that needed to withstand water pressure and remain stable underwater.

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49. Pozzolans should not be used in concrete...

Explanation

Pozzolans should not be used in concrete where high early strength is needed. This is because pozzolans, such as fly ash or silica fume, are supplementary cementitious materials that react slowly with water to form cementitious compounds. These compounds contribute to the strength and durability of concrete over time. However, they do not provide rapid strength development, which is crucial in applications where high early strength is required, such as in construction projects that need quick load-bearing capacity or in situations where formwork needs to be removed early. In such cases, other cementitious materials or additives that promote faster strength gain should be used instead.

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50. Which kind of formwork is assembled in large sections and after use lifted by crane without dismantling for use in another location

Explanation

Flying forms are a type of formwork that is assembled in large sections and can be lifted by a crane without the need for dismantling. This allows the formwork to be easily transported and used in another location, saving time and effort. Flying forms are commonly used in construction projects where repetitive structures, such as walls or columns, need to be built. The ability to quickly and efficiently move the formwork to different areas of the construction site makes flying forms a practical and cost-effective solution.

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51. If the clear space between steel reinforcing bars in a certain beam is allowed to be as small as 1 in, why would the space between the steel and the formwork be required to be no less than 1-1/2

Explanation

The reason why the space between the steel and the formwork needs to be no less than 1-1/2 inches, even though the clear space between steel reinforcing bars can be as small as 1 inch, is because the clear space nearest the surface of the beam is governed by a different criterion than that of the bars in the center of the beam. This means that different spacing requirements apply to the outermost layer of steel bars compared to the bars in the middle of the beam. Therefore, while the clear space between reinforcing bars can be smaller, the space between the steel and the formwork needs to be larger to meet the specific criterion for the outer layer of bars.

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52. What is the relationship between moisture and curing concrete

Explanation

The correct answer is that concrete should be kept moist throughout the curing phase. This is because moisture is essential for the proper curing of concrete. Keeping the concrete moist helps to prevent it from drying out too quickly, which can lead to cracking and reduced strength. Moisture allows the concrete to hydrate and form strong bonds, resulting in a durable and long-lasting structure.

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53. Concrete should be vibrated with the vibrator...

Explanation

Concrete should be vibrated with the vibrator in a vertical direction. This is because vertical vibration helps to remove air bubbles and excess water from the concrete mixture, ensuring that it becomes more dense and stronger. Vibrating the concrete vertically also helps in achieving better compaction and uniform distribution of the mixture within the formwork. Horizontal or angled vibration may not provide the same level of effectiveness in removing air voids and achieving proper compaction.

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54. The rule of thumb for footing design calls for the width of the footing to be equal to...

Explanation

The rule of thumb for footing design states that the width of the footing should be twice the thickness of the foundation wall. This is because the footing provides support and stability to the foundation wall, and a wider footing helps distribute the load evenly and prevent settlement or failure. By having a wider footing, it increases the surface area in contact with the soil, which improves the load-bearing capacity and reduces the risk of excessive settlement or structural damage. Therefore, the width of the footing being twice the thickness of the foundation wall is a recommended guideline for proper footing design.

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55. Identify the two types of form ties.

Explanation

The correct answer is snap ties and screw ties. Snap ties are used to hold the forms together during the concrete pouring process, and they can be easily snapped off or removed after the concrete has set. Screw ties, on the other hand, are threaded rods that are screwed into the forms to provide additional support and stability. Both types of ties are commonly used in construction to ensure the integrity and strength of concrete structures.

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56. Why are correction lines a standard component of the Rectangular System of surveying?

Explanation

Correction lines are a standard component of the Rectangular System of surveying because the meridians, which are the lines of longitude, are not parallel. This means that as one moves north or south, the distance between the meridians changes. In order to maintain accuracy and consistency in surveying measurements, correction lines are used to account for this variation and ensure that the grid system remains accurate. Without correction lines, the measurements taken using the Rectangular System would be distorted and unreliable.

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57. During a slump test the mold is removed and the concrete sags. The new height of the concrete mass after the mold is removed is 8 in. What is the slump of the concrete mix?

Explanation

During a slump test, the mold is removed and the concrete sags. The new height of the concrete mass after the mold is removed is 8 in. Since the question asks for the slump of the concrete mix, which is the difference in height between the initial and final positions, we can subtract the new height (8 in) from the initial height (which is not given) to determine the slump. Therefore, the slump of the concrete mix is 4 in.

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58. What soil description is defined as imprinted easily with fingers for the consistency of undisturbed cohesive soils?

Explanation

Medium soil description is defined as imprinted easily with fingers for the consistency of undisturbed cohesive soils. This means that when the soil is touched, it leaves an impression easily, indicating that it is not too stiff or hard, but also not very soft. The term "medium" suggests a balance between the extremes of stiffness and softness, making it an appropriate description for soils that can be imprinted with fingers.

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59. Which slab on grade does not contain steel fabric or reinforcing bars except in localized areas

Explanation

Slab on grade refers to a concrete slab that is directly poured onto the ground, without any basement or crawl space beneath it. In this context, "steel fabric" or "reinforcing bars" are used to reinforce the concrete and provide additional strength. The answer "I" suggests that slab on grade I does not contain steel fabric or reinforcing bars, except in localized areas. This means that slab on grade I may have minimal or localized reinforcement, but it is not uniformly distributed throughout the entire slab.

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60. A zoning code established requirements for

Explanation

A zoning code is a set of regulations that dictate how land can be used in a particular area. It establishes specific requirements and restrictions for different types of land use, such as residential, commercial, or industrial. It determines what types of buildings can be constructed, how they can be used, and what activities are allowed on the property. By enforcing these regulations, zoning codes aim to promote orderly development, protect property values, and maintain the overall character and function of a community. Therefore, the correct answer is land use.

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61. The last step of finishing a concrete slab which will not be textured is...

Explanation

Troweling is the final step in finishing a concrete slab that will not be textured. During troweling, a steel trowel is used to smooth and level the surface of the concrete, creating a polished and glossy finish. This process helps to eliminate any imperfections and achieve a smooth and even surface. Troweling is typically done after the concrete has been screeded and floated, ensuring a high-quality and professional-looking result.

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62. What is the smallest statutory division of regular sections in the Rec. survey system

Explanation

The smallest statutory division of regular sections in the Rec. survey system is 40 acres. This means that within each regular section, which is a square area of land, it is further divided into smaller units called 40-acre tracts. These tracts are used for various purposes such as land ownership, zoning, and property taxation.

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63. Which precast concrete structural component is typically used for the longest spans?

Explanation

Single tees are typically used for the longest spans in precast concrete construction. Single tees are structural components that have a T-shaped cross-section, with a wide top flange and a narrower stem. This design allows for a greater load-bearing capacity and longer spans compared to other options. Solid flat slab panels, hollow-core flat slab panels, and double tees are also commonly used in precast concrete construction but may not have the same span capabilities as single tees.

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64. Identify the three major national model building codes which have been replaced by the International Building Code.

Explanation

The International Building Code (IBC) is a comprehensive set of regulations that govern the construction of buildings. It has replaced three major national model building codes, namely the national building code, uniform building code, and standard building code. These three codes were widely used in the United States before the introduction of the IBC. The replacement of these codes by the IBC has allowed for a more standardized and consistent approach to building regulations across different jurisdictions.

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65. What is not one of the basic types of construction cost agreement used in the industry?

Explanation

"Pay as go" is not one of the basic types of construction cost agreement used in the industry. The other options mentioned - fixed price stipulated sum, unit price, guaranteed maximum price, and cost plus fee - are commonly used types of construction cost agreements.

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66. The concrete finish achieved by moistening new smooth concrete within one day after form removal and rubbing it with an abrasive is...

Explanation

The process described in the question involves moistening new smooth concrete and rubbing it with an abrasive. This process is known as "rubbing" the concrete, which helps to smooth out any imperfections and create a polished surface. Therefore, the correct answer is "smooth rubbed finish."

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67. The D/B ratio for shallow foundation should be

Explanation

The D/B ratio for shallow foundation should be equal to 1. This means that the depth of the foundation (D) should be equal to the width of the foundation (B). This ratio is important because it helps to ensure the stability and load-bearing capacity of the foundation. When the D/B ratio is equal to 1, it indicates that the foundation is well-proportioned and able to effectively distribute the load from the structure above.

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68. What is the purpose of welded wire fabric in a concrete slab-on-grade?

Explanation

Welded wire fabric in a concrete slab-on-grade is used to maintain tightness in cracks from shrinkage and contraction. When concrete shrinks or contracts, it tends to crack. The welded wire fabric helps to control and limit the width of these cracks, preventing them from becoming wider and causing further damage. By providing reinforcement, the wire fabric helps to distribute the tensile stresses caused by shrinkage and contraction, minimizing the potential for extensive cracking and maintaining the overall integrity of the concrete slab.

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69. When placing concrete for a level slab, what is the proper order of placement?

Explanation

The correct answer is to start at the far side and progress toward the near side when placing concrete for a level slab. This ensures that the concrete is evenly distributed and allows for proper consolidation and leveling of the slab. Starting from the far side also minimizes the risk of stepping on freshly poured concrete, reducing the chances of causing damage or leaving footprints. Progressing toward the near side allows for easier access to the forms and ensures that the concrete is properly placed and finished before reaching the edge.

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70. Which of the following loads is a type of dead loads

Explanation

Dead loads are permanent or stationary loads that remain constant over time, such as the weight of the structure itself or any fixed elements like walls, floors, and roofs. Building occupants' weight, furniture weight, and wind load are considered live loads as they can vary or move. Therefore, the correct answer is structural wall's weight, as it is a type of dead load that contributes to the overall weight and stability of the building.

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71. Which of the following indices measures the amount of moisture present when the soil changes from a plastic to a liquid state?

Explanation

The correct answer is LL. LL stands for Liquid Limit, which is a measure of the moisture content at which a soil transitions from a plastic to a liquid state. It represents the point at which the soil loses its ability to retain its shape when molded and begins to flow like a liquid. LL is an important parameter in soil mechanics and is used to classify soils and determine their engineering properties.

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72.  The texture produced by throwing mortar onto an uncured concrete slab with a stiff bristled brush and then troweling the surface after the mortar partially sets...

Explanation

The keystone finish is achieved by throwing mortar onto an uncured concrete slab with a stiff bristled brush and then troweling the surface after the mortar partially sets. This technique creates a textured surface with a unique pattern resembling the shape of a keystone.

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73. Which concrete slab joint can be sawed?

Explanation

Control joints are sawed into concrete slabs to control cracking caused by drying shrinkage and temperature changes. These joints are intentionally placed at specific locations to create weakened areas in the concrete, allowing it to crack in a controlled manner along these joints rather than randomly throughout the slab. By sawing control joints, the concrete is able to expand and contract without causing significant cracks, ensuring the durability and longevity of the slab.

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74. The most versatile method of obtaining soil tests samples and determining bearing capacities is by

Explanation

Soil borings are the most versatile method of obtaining soil test samples and determining bearing capacities because they allow for a more comprehensive analysis of the soil composition and properties. By drilling into the ground and extracting soil samples at different depths, engineers and geotechnical experts can assess the soil's strength, density, moisture content, and other relevant factors. This method provides a more accurate understanding of the soil's characteristics, allowing for better design and construction decisions. Digging soil test pits, using soil sonar equipment, and driving soil sounding rods may also provide valuable information, but they are generally more limited in scope and applicability compared to soil borings.

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75. Manganese oxide and what other ingredient are omitted from the standard ingredients to make white cement?

Explanation

Iron is omitted from the standard ingredients to make white cement. This is because iron impurities can cause the cement to have a gray or yellowish color, which is undesirable for white cement. By omitting iron, the cement can achieve a pure white color.

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76. Identify a negative result which can occur is a concrete mix contains excessive portland cement

Explanation

When a concrete mix contains excessive Portland cement, it can lead to increased drying shrinkage. This means that as the concrete dries, it will shrink more than usual. This can cause cracks and damage to the concrete structure. The excessive cement content causes the concrete to have a higher water demand, leading to a higher shrinkage potential. Therefore, increased drying shrinkage is a negative result that can occur when there is an excess of Portland cement in the concrete mix.

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77. If you were at a job site observing the performance of a slump test, you would recognize the correct mold for the test as being

Explanation

The correct mold for the slump test is a cone-shaped mold. The height of the mold should be 12 inches, the top diameter should be 4 inches, and the bottom diameter should be 8 inches. This is because the slump test measures the consistency and workability of concrete, and the cone-shaped mold allows for the concrete to be easily molded and compacted. The specific dimensions of the mold are important to ensure accurate and consistent test results.

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78. What is the likely detrimental result if concrete is allowed to drop freely for more than 4 feet into place?

Explanation

When concrete is allowed to drop freely for more than 4 feet into place, the likely detrimental result is that the aggregate separates from the paste. This occurs because the force of the free fall causes the aggregate to separate from the cement paste, leading to an uneven distribution of the aggregate throughout the concrete mixture. This can result in weakened concrete with reduced structural integrity.

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79. What type of foundation is commonly used when the soil bearing capacity is insufficient to support the loads imposed by a building?

Explanation

When the soil bearing capacity is insufficient to support the loads imposed by a building, a pile foundation is commonly used. Pile foundations are deep foundations that transfer the load of the building to a deeper, more stable layer of soil or rock. Piles are long, slender columns made of materials such as concrete or steel that are driven into the ground. This type of foundation increases the surface area in contact with the soil, distributing the load more effectively and preventing settlement or structural failure.

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80. 1.      What typical components are included in the project manual?

Explanation

The project manual typically includes bidding requirements and forms, conditions of the contract, specifications, information about alternates, and allowances. These components are important for the successful completion of a construction project. Bidding requirements and forms provide instructions for potential contractors to submit their bids. Conditions of the contract outline the rights and responsibilities of both the owner and the contractor. Specifications detail the technical requirements for materials and workmanship. Information about alternates allows for flexibility in selecting different options for certain project elements. Allowances provide a budget for items that are not yet specified.

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81. A coarse grained soil with a relative density of 70% is defined as?

Explanation

A coarse grained soil with a relative density of 70% is defined as "dense." Relative density is a measure of how compacted the soil is compared to its natural state. In this case, with a relative density of 70%, the soil is considered to be densely packed or compacted.

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82.  Identify the agency that sponsors the production of certain specialized "codes" which are appropriate for adoption as law by states and communities. (These codes of more narrow scope are distinguished from the broader International Codes).

Explanation

The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) sponsors the production of certain specialized "codes" that are appropriate for adoption as law by states and communities. These codes are more narrow in scope and are distinguished from the broader International Codes. The NFPA is recognized as a leading authority on fire prevention and safety, and their codes are widely used to establish regulations and standards for fire protection measures in various settings.

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83. Which soil type has size limits of its particles smaller than 0.002 mm diameter?

Explanation

Clay is the correct answer because it is a type of soil that has particles smaller than 0.002 mm in diameter. Clay particles are very fine and compact, which gives clay soil its unique properties such as high water-holding capacity and stickiness when wet. Gravel, sand, and silts have larger particle sizes and do not fall within the size limits specified in the question.

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84. For what is oil, lacquer, or emulsified stearate used in concrete work?

Explanation

Oil, lacquer, or emulsified stearate is used in concrete work to facilitate the removal of forms from the concrete. These substances are applied to the forms before pouring the concrete, creating a barrier that prevents the concrete from sticking to the forms. This makes it easier to remove the forms once the concrete has set and hardened.

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85. When should retempering of concrete be done?

Explanation

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86. Which aggregate condition results in the most economical?

Explanation

The most economical aggregate condition would be to use all sizes of large aggregate and all sizes of fine aggregate. This allows for a more efficient packing of the aggregates, resulting in a lower void content and a higher density of the concrete mixture. By utilizing all sizes of aggregates, it ensures that the voids between the particles are minimized, leading to a stronger and more economical concrete mix.

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87. Which two organizations collaborate on the production of the MasterFormat?

Explanation

CSI (Construction Specifications Institute) and CSC (Construction Specifications Canada) collaborate on the production of the MasterFormat. The MasterFormat is a standard for organizing and presenting construction information, such as specifications, in a consistent and logical manner. CSI and CSC work together to update and maintain the MasterFormat, ensuring that it remains relevant and useful in the construction industry.

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88. Identify the concrete slab join which occurs between segments of slabs poured on different days?

Explanation

The correct answer is "construction." Construction joints are used to separate slabs poured on different days. These joints allow for the natural expansion and contraction of the concrete without causing cracks or damage. They are typically created by placing a form or keyway between the two sections of concrete, providing a clean break between the segments.

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89. Which slab on grade type does not depend on the soil for support once the concrete is cured

Explanation

Slab on grade type IV does not depend on the soil for support once the concrete is cured. This means that it is a rigid slab that is designed to be self-supporting, without requiring any additional support from the soil. This type of slab is typically used in areas where the soil conditions are poor or unstable, as it provides a stable and durable foundation for the structure.

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90. Identify the steel placed in a one way concrete slab perpendicular to the span to resists cracks from hydration shrinkage and temperature changes

Explanation

The steel placed in a one way concrete slab perpendicular to the span to resist cracks from hydration shrinkage and temperature changes is known as temperature steel. This steel helps to control the expansion and contraction of the concrete due to temperature variations, preventing cracks from forming.

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  ...
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Identify an advantage of site-fabrication over prefabrication
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Who produces project manual?
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A slump test measures
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Identify the appropriate materials for the tool used to float concrete
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Pozzolans should not be used in concrete...
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If the clear space between steel reinforcing bars in a certain beam is...
What is the relationship between moisture and curing concrete
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The rule of thumb for footing design calls for the width of the...
Identify the two types of form ties.
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During a slump test the mold is removed and the concrete sags. The new...
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Which slab on grade does not contain steel fabric or reinforcing bars...
A zoning code established requirements for
The last step of finishing a concrete slab which will not be textured...
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Which precast concrete structural component is typically used for the...
Identify the three major national model building ...
What is not one of the basic types of construction cost agreement used...
The ...
The D/B ratio for shallow foundation should be
What is the purpose of welded wire fabric in a concrete slab-on-grade?
When placing concrete for a level slab, what is the proper order of...
Which of the following loads is a type of dead loads
Which of the following indices measures the amount of moisture present...
 The ...
Which concrete slab joint can be sawed?
The most versatile method of obtaining soil tests samples and...
Manganese oxide and what other ingredient are omitted from the...
Identify a negative result which can occur is a concrete mix contains...
If you were at a job site observing the performance of a slump test,...
What ...
What ...
1.      ...
A coarse grained soil with a relative density of 70% is defined as?
 Identify the agency that sponsors the production ...
Which soil type has size limits of its particles smaller than 0.002 mm...
For ...
When should retempering of concrete be done?
Which aggregate condition results in the most economical?
Which two organizations collaborate on the production of the...
Identify the concrete slab join which occurs between segments of slabs...
Which slab on grade type does not depend on the soil for support once...
Identify the steel placed in a one way concrete slab perpendicular to...
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