Chapter 9 Tax Quiz

Personal-use property refers to property that is owned and used by the taxpayer for their own enjoyment or personal purposes. This can include items such as a personal residence, a vacation home, a personal vehicle, or personal belongings. The taxpayer derives personal satisfaction or enjoyment from these properties, rather than using them for business or investment purposes. Therefore, the statement that personal-use property refers to property held for the taxpayer's own enjoyment is correct.

Assets that are utilized for more than a year generally must be capitalized and their cost is then recovered over the estimated life of the asset. This means that if an asset is used for a period longer than a year, its cost cannot be fully expensed in the year it was purchased. Instead, the cost is spread out over the useful life of the asset through depreciation or amortization. This allows for a more accurate representation of the asset's value and helps to match expenses with the revenue generated by the asset over its lifetime.

The basis of property acquired by gift is generally the basis of the donor. This means that when someone receives a gift, the value of the property for tax purposes is based on the original cost or basis of the property for the person who gave the gift. This is true in most cases, although there may be exceptions or special circumstances that could affect the basis of the gifted property.

The explanation for the given correct answer is that adjusted basis or tax basis refers to the remaining amount of an asset's cost that still needs to be recovered. This means that the asset's cost has not been fully depreciated or deducted for tax purposes. Therefore, the statement that adjusted basis or net book value is the amount of the asset's cost that has yet to be recovered is true.

When multiple assets are purchased together at a "bargain price," the total cost must be allocated according to the relative fair market value of each property. Fair market value is the price at which the property would be exchanged between a willing buyer and a willing seller, both having reasonable knowledge of the relevant facts. Allocating the cost based on fair market value ensures that each property is accounted for accurately and fairly, reflecting its individual worth in the overall purchase.

The correct answer is "Personal." Depreciation is a cost recovery system that applies to both personal property (such as equipment) and real property (such as buildings, excluding land).

The correct answer is "Intangible." Amortization is the process of allocating the cost of intangible assets over their useful life. Intangible assets are non-physical assets that lack a physical substance but have value, such as patents, trademarks, copyrights, and goodwill. Start-up costs and goodwill are examples of intangible assets that may be subject to amortization.

Land and personal-use assets are not depreciable.

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Depletion refers to the reduction or exhaustion of resources. In this context, the resources being referred to are natural resources such as timber, coal, oil, and gas. These resources are finite and can be depleted over time through extraction and consumption.

Personal property refers to the movable nature of the property, not the immovable nature. Immovable property, also known as real property, refers to land and any permanent structures attached to it. Personal property, on the other hand, includes movable assets such as furniture, vehicles, and personal belongings. Therefore, the statement that personal property is immovable is false.

When calculating MACRS (Modified Accelerated Cost Recovery System) depreciation rates, salvage value is not considered. MACRS is a depreciation method used for tax purposes in the United States, and it assumes that the asset being depreciated has no salvage value at the end of its useful life. Therefore, the depreciation rates are determined based on the cost of the asset and its assigned recovery period, without taking into account any potential salvage value.

Straight-line is required for amortization.

Computer 5000 x 20% = 1,000
Furniture 7000 x 14.29% = 1,000.30
Truck 10,000 x 20% = 2,000
Building (270,000/39) x (2.5/12) = 1,442
Total $5,442

When minor or routine maintenance is performed on capitalized assets, the cost of the maintenance is expensed, meaning it is recorded as an expense in the accounting records. This is because the maintenance is considered a normal operating cost and does not increase the value or extend the useful life of the asset. By expensing the cost, it is immediately recognized as an expense on the income statement, rather than being added to the asset's value on the balance sheet.

The mid-quarter convention applies when more than 40% of personal property cost is placed in service during the last quarter. This means that if a taxpayer places more than 40% of their personal property cost in service during the last quarter of the year, they must use the mid-quarter convention for depreciation purposes. This convention requires the taxpayer to treat all property placed in service during the year as if it was placed in service in the middle of the quarter in which it was actually placed in service.

$3,060 for both. Year 1 luxury automobile maximum $3,060 deduction allowed

The basis of property acquired by inheritance is generally the Fair Market Value (FMV) at the decedent's death. This means that when someone inherits property from a deceased person, the value of the property for tax purposes is determined based on its FMV at the time of the decedent's death. This is important for calculating any potential capital gains or losses when the property is later sold.

The convention that applies to PERSONAL property is half-year. This convention means that the property is assumed to be acquired or disposed of halfway through the year for depreciation or tax purposes. It allows for a more accurate calculation of the property's value and depreciation over time.

Computer 5000 x 32% = 1,600
Furniture 7000 x 24.49% = 1,714.30
Truck 10,000 x 32% = 3,200
Building (270,000/39) = 6,923
Total $13,437

The basis of property is reduced by cost recovered every year. This means that the cost of the property is gradually decreasing over time as the cost is being recovered annually. This could be due to depreciation or other factors that result in the reduction of the property's value.

3060 Auto Depreciation Limit + 8,000 monus depreciation

The straight line method of declining balance applies to the 27.5 and 39-year classes of property. This method assumes that the asset depreciates evenly over its useful life, resulting in an equal amount of depreciation expense each year. It does not take into account the asset's salvage value or the rate of decline. Therefore, the straight line method is the correct answer for this question.

Real property refers to immovable property, such as land and any structures or improvements permanently attached to it. Land, building, land improvements, and building improvements all fall under this category as they cannot be easily moved or removed. Equipment and office equipment, on the other hand, are considered personal property as they are movable and not permanently attached to the land. Therefore, the correct answer includes land, building, land improvements, and building improvements.

The declining balance of 150% applies to 15-year and 20-year classes of property. This means that the asset's value will be depreciated by 150% of its straight-line depreciation rate each year. This method allows for a faster depreciation in the early years of the asset's life, gradually slowing down over time.

Only new property

The decision to use an accelerated method or SL applies to all types of property, including personal, real, and personal-use property. This means that regardless of the type of property, the taxpayer can choose to use either an accelerated method or the straight-line method for depreciation purposes.

The adjusted basis for assets acquired through a nontaxable exchange is generally the same as the basis of the property transferred. This means that the basis of the acquired assets will be equal to the basis of the property that was exchanged for them. This ensures that the tax consequences of the exchange are neutral, as the taxpayer will not experience a gain or loss due to the exchange itself.

You can change from straight-line (SL) depreciation to accelerated depreciation for future year's acquisitions even after choosing a method. This means that if you initially choose to use the SL method for depreciation, you can later decide to switch to an accelerated method such as the double declining balance or sum-of-the-years' digits method. Therefore, the statement "You cannot change from SL to accelerated for future year's acquisitions once you choose a method" is false.

The mid-month convention is a convention that applies to real property. According to this convention, it is assumed that the property was placed in service or disposed of in the middle of the month, regardless of the actual date. This convention is used for calculating depreciation and determining the number of months that the property is considered to be in service for tax purposes.

The declining balance of 200% applies to 3-year, 5-year, 7-year, and 10-year classes of property. This means that the asset will be depreciated at a rate of 200% of its straight-line depreciation rate each year. This method allows for a faster depreciation of the asset in the early years, gradually decreasing over time.

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All of it was new property which was eligible for the 100% bonus depreciation rate.

The statement suggests that additional costs that significantly extend an asset's useful life and generate a new asset are not expensed. However, this is incorrect. In accounting, these additional costs are capitalized and added to the cost of the original asset, increasing its value. This is done to reflect the increased usefulness and value of the asset. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

Qualified property (535,000) - 179 expense (500,000) x bonus depreciation rate (100%) = $35,000

Daelynn's year 1 cost recovery for each asset is $5,519. This is calculated by multiplying the cost basis of each asset by the applicable recovery percentage for each asset. The recovery percentages for the assets are as follows: computer equipment (20%), furniture (14.29%), pickup truck (20%), and commercial building (2.564%). By multiplying the cost basis of each asset by its respective recovery percentage and summing up the results, we get a total year 1 cost recovery of $5,519.

10,000 x 24.49% = 2449
x 50%
1225

The items that are added to the cost on the date of acquisition to calculate adjusted basis are the cost of improvements (not routine repair or maintenance), buying expenses including commissions, legal, title search, surveys, and appraisal fees paid at the date of the original purchase, and capital gain on destruction casualties. These items increase the initial cost of the asset and are taken into account when determining the adjusted basis for tax purposes.

The correct answer is a combination of different percentages for different time periods. The bonus depreciation is dependent on the date of purchase. Purchases made before September 9, 2010, qualify for a 50% bonus depreciation. Purchases made after September 8, 2010, but before January 1, 2012, qualify for a 100% bonus depreciation. After December 31, 2011, and before January 1, 2013, qualifying property will receive a 50% bonus depreciation. This explanation outlines the various conditions and percentages that determine the magnitude of the bonus depreciation based on the date of purchase.