Structure And Function Of Plants

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  • 1/10 Questions

    Which of the following is primarily responsible for fruit ripening in plants?

    • Ethylene
    • Auxin
    • Gibberellins
    • Abscisic acid
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About This Quiz

This quiz will cover the main concepts learned from Chapters 35 and 36.

Botany Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    Hydrogen bonding plays a particularly important role in which plant process?

    • Pressure-flow hypothesis

    • Mutualistic relationships

    • Attraction of the sperm and egg.

    • The transpiration-cohesion-tension mechanism

    Correct Answer
    A. The transpiration-cohesion-tension mechanism
    Explanation
    The transpiration-cohesion-tension mechanism is a plant process that relies on the cohesive properties of water and the tension created by transpiration to transport water and nutrients from the roots to the leaves. Hydrogen bonding between water molecules is a crucial component of this mechanism as it allows for the cohesion of water molecules, enabling them to be pulled up through the plant's xylem vessels against gravity. Therefore, hydrogen bonding plays a particularly important role in the transpiration-cohesion-tension mechanism.

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  • 3. 

    Inhibits growth; closes stomata during drought:

    • Abscisic acid

    • Auxin

    • Cytokinins

    • Ethylene

    • Gibberellins

    Correct Answer
    A. Abscisic acid
    Explanation
    Abscisic acid is the correct answer because it is a plant hormone that inhibits growth and plays a role in closing stomata during drought. Stomata are small openings on the surface of leaves that allow for gas exchange, including water vapor. During drought conditions, plants need to conserve water, so abscisic acid is produced to close the stomata and reduce water loss through transpiration. This hormone also inhibits cell division and growth, helping the plant to conserve energy and resources during periods of water scarcity.

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  • 4. 

    The driving force for the movement of materials in the xylem of plants is

    • Gravity

    • Root pressure

    • Transpiration

    • Osmosis

    Correct Answer
    A. Transpiration
    Explanation
    Transpiration is the process by which water is evaporated from the leaves of plants. This creates a negative pressure or tension in the xylem, causing water to be pulled up from the roots to the leaves. This upward movement of water, along with dissolved minerals, is known as the transpiration pull. Therefore, transpiration is the driving force for the movement of materials in the xylem of plants.

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  • 5. 

    This hormone is lacking in dwarf varieties of plants:

    • Abscisic acid

    • Auxin

    • Cytokinins

    • Ethylene

    • Gibberellins

    Correct Answer
    A. Gibberellins
    Explanation
    Gibberellins are a group of hormones that promote plant growth and development. They are responsible for regulating various processes such as stem elongation, seed germination, and flowering. In dwarf varieties of plants, there is a deficiency of gibberellins, which leads to stunted growth and shorter stems. This hormone is crucial for the normal growth and development of plants, and its absence in dwarf varieties is the reason behind their reduced size.

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  • 6. 

    Act with auxins to promote cell division and differentiation:

    • Abscisic acid

    • Auxin

    • Cytokinins

    • Ethylene

    • Gibberellins

    Correct Answer
    A. Cytokinins
    Explanation
    Cytokinins act with auxins to promote cell division and differentiation. Cytokinins are a class of plant hormones that regulate cell division and growth. They work in conjunction with auxins, another class of plant hormones, to stimulate cell division and promote the development of specialized cells. This interaction between cytokinins and auxins is essential for proper plant growth and development.

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  • 7. 

    In plants, translocation occurs as a result of 

    • A difference in water potential between a sugar source and a sugar sink.

    • Transpiration

    • Cohesion-adhesion

    • Active transport by sieve-tube members

    Correct Answer
    A. A difference in water potential between a sugar source and a sugar sink.
    Explanation
    Translocation in plants refers to the movement of sugars from the source (where they are produced, such as leaves) to the sink (where they are utilized, such as roots or fruits). This movement occurs due to a difference in water potential between the sugar source and sugar sink. Water potential is affected by the concentration of solutes, including sugars. The higher concentration of sugars in the source creates a lower water potential, causing water to move from the sugar sink to the sugar source. This creates a pressure gradient that allows the sugars to be transported through the phloem.

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  • 8. 

    Primary hormone involved with phototropism and gravitropism:

    • Abscisic acid

    • Auxin

    • Cytokinins

    • Ethylene

    • Gibberellins

    Correct Answer
    A. Auxin
    Explanation
    Auxin is the primary hormone involved in both phototropism and gravitropism. Phototropism is the growth or movement of a plant in response to light, and auxin helps to regulate this process by promoting elongation of cells on the shaded side of the plant, causing it to bend towards the light source. Gravitropism is the growth or movement of a plant in response to gravity, and auxin also plays a crucial role in this process by redistributing within the plant to cause differential growth rates, resulting in either upward or downward bending of the plant.

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  • 9. 

    Which of the following processes is responsible for the bending of the stem of a plant toward a light source?

    • The amount of chlorophyll produced on the side facing the light increases.

    • The rate of cell division on the side facing the light increases.

    • The rate of cell division on the side away from the light increases.

    • The cells on the side of the stem away from the light elongate.

    Correct Answer
    A. The cells on the side of the stem away from the light elongate.
    Explanation
    When a plant stem bends towards a light source, it is due to a process called phototropism. Phototropism is the growth or movement of a plant in response to light. In this case, the cells on the side of the stem away from the light elongate, causing the stem to bend towards the light. This elongation of cells is a result of an uneven distribution of auxin, a hormone that regulates plant growth. The side of the stem away from the light receives more auxin, which stimulates cell elongation and causes the bending towards the light source.

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  • 10. 

    This hormone is used at high concentrations as an herbicide:

    • Abscisic acid

    • Auxin

    • Cytokinins

    • Ethylene

    • Gibberellins

    Correct Answer
    A. Auxin
    Explanation
    Auxin is a hormone that is commonly used as an herbicide at high concentrations. It is a plant growth regulator that controls various aspects of plant development, including cell elongation and root formation. When applied in high concentrations, auxin disrupts the normal growth patterns of plants, leading to stunted growth and ultimately killing the plant. This makes it an effective herbicide for controlling unwanted plant growth in agricultural and horticultural settings.

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 21, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Jul 18, 2011
    Quiz Created by
    Euroaccent
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