Basic State Tested Nursing Assistant Quiz

As people age, it is common for them to experience certain physical changes. Gray hair is a natural sign of aging as the pigment cells in the hair follicles gradually die. Bladder leaks, also known as urinary incontinence, can occur due to weakened pelvic floor muscles and decreased bladder control. Decreased muscle tone is a result of age-related muscle loss, known as sarcopenia. This can lead to a decrease in strength and overall muscle function. A slower gait, or walking speed, is often seen in older adults due to changes in muscle strength, balance, and coordination. These signs collectively indicate the normal aging process.

Congestive heart failure is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump blood effectively, leading to fluid buildup in the lungs and other parts of the body. Tremors are not a common symptom of congestive heart failure. Therefore, the statement that Mr. Jones will have signs of tremors is false.

A trochanter roll is used to keep the hips from rotating out externally. It is a cylindrical cushion placed along the side of the patient's hip and thigh to prevent the leg from turning outward. This helps maintain proper alignment of the hip joint and prevents external rotation, which can lead to hip dislocation or other complications.

White blood cells (WBCs) are a crucial part of the immune system and play a vital role in fighting against infections. They are responsible for identifying and destroying pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, that enter the body. WBCs are produced in the bone marrow and are distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream. They are able to recognize foreign substances and initiate an immune response, which includes engulfing and destroying the invading pathogens. Therefore, the correct answer is "Fight infection."

A heart rate of 120 is commonly associated with high blood pressure. High blood pressure, also known as hypertension, is a condition where the force of blood against the artery walls is consistently too high. This can cause the heart to work harder, leading to an increased heart rate. Therefore, a heart rate of 120 suggests that the individual may have high blood pressure.