Soil Lab Reviewer-quiz For Finals

The correct answer is "dry strength test" because in this experiment, a sample is molded into a 1/8" size ball and allowed to dry. The strength of the dry sample is then tested by crushing it between the fingers. Therefore, the test being performed is specifically focused on measuring the strength of the sample in its dry state. "Dry strength" alone is not a specific enough term to describe the test being conducted, as it does not indicate the method or purpose of the test.

The meniscus correction refers to the difference in height between the top of the meniscus (the curved surface of a liquid in a container) and the level of the solution in the control jar. This correction is typically around +1, indicating that the meniscus is slightly higher than the solution level. This correction is important to consider when accurately measuring the volume of a liquid in a container, as the meniscus can distort the true level of the liquid.

In Experiment 2, the specimen used was a soil passing sieve No. 40. This means that the soil used in the experiment was able to pass through a sieve with a mesh size of No. 40. The sieve number indicates the size of the openings in the sieve, with a higher number indicating smaller openings. Therefore, the soil used in the experiment was relatively fine-grained and able to pass through a sieve with small openings.

In Experiment 9, a filter paper is placed at the bottom of the volume expansion box. This suggests that the purpose of the filter paper is to separate and filter any solid particles or impurities that may be present in the liquid being used in the experiment. The filter paper acts as a barrier, allowing the liquid to pass through while trapping any solid particles, ensuring a clean and clear liquid for accurate measurements and observations during the experiment.

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The height of the point on the cup that comes in contact with the base should rise to a height of 10 mm.

In the Standard Proctor Test, the mold is filled with three equal layers of soil, and each layer is subjected to 25 drops of the hammer. This is because 25 drops is the standard number of drops specified in the test procedure. The purpose of the drops is to compact the soil and simulate the effect of repeated loading on the soil in the field. By subjecting each layer to the same number of drops, it ensures consistency and allows for accurate comparison of different soil samples.

The correct answer is 4. In the Standard Proctor Test, a smaller type of compaction mold is used, which has a diameter of 4 inches and a volume of about 1/30 ft3 (944 cm3). This mold size is commonly used in the test to compact the soil sample and determine its maximum dry density and optimum moisture content.

In this experiment, a soil specimen weighing 5kg was used. The soil specimen was required to pass through a specific sieve number. The correct answer is 4, indicating that the soil specimen used in the experiment passed through sieve number 4.

If the number of drops in Experiment 2 exceeds 50, then the instruction is to skip to step eight without recording the number of drops. However, if the number of drops is 50 or less, then the instruction is to record the number of drops on the data sheet.

The correct answer is plastic limit. In the plastic limit test, the soil is formed into an ellipsoidal mass and then rolled between the palm or fingers and a glass plate. This test is used to determine the moisture content at which the soil transitions from a plastic state to a semi-solid state. Plasticity refers to the ability of a material, in this case, soil, to undergo deformation without breaking or cracking. Plastic is a term used to describe materials that can be easily molded or shaped.

The soil symbol ML refers to silt. Silt is a type of soil particle that is smaller than sand but larger than clay. It has moderate water holding capacity and is known for its smooth, fine texture. Silt soils are fertile and can retain nutrients well, making them suitable for agriculture. They have good drainage properties and are less prone to erosion compared to sandy soils.

The soil symbol CL represents lean clay. Lean clay refers to a type of clay soil that has a low plasticity index and a low clay content. It is characterized by its relatively low strength and high compressibility. Lean clay is often found in areas with poor drainage and can cause stability issues in construction projects.

The symbol MH represents elastic soil. This means that the soil has the property of elasticity, which allows it to deform under stress and then return to its original shape once the stress is removed. Elastic soils can undergo significant changes in volume and shape without undergoing permanent deformation, making them suitable for certain engineering applications.

The soil symbol CH represents fat clay. Fat clay refers to a type of soil that contains a high percentage of clay particles. This type of soil has a high plasticity and can easily be molded when wet, but becomes hard and compact when dry. It has poor drainage and can retain water for long periods of time. Fat clay is often associated with shrinkage and swelling, which can cause structural problems in buildings and infrastructure.

The title of Experiment 1 is "moisture content of soil" because the question is asking for the title of the experiment and the given answer directly states the topic being studied in Experiment 1.

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The title of Experiment 3 is "specific gravity of soil".

In the compaction test, the soil needs to be removed from the mold after the test is conducted. To do this, a mechanical extruder is used. The mechanical extruder helps in easily and efficiently removing the compacted soil from the mold. After removing the soil, moisture content samples need to be taken from the top and bottom of the specimen. This is done by filling moisture cans with soil and then determining the water content.

The title of Exp. 4 is "in-place density test" or "in place density test".

If more than half of the coarse fraction in a soil sample is larger than 4.75mm, it is classified as gravelly soil.

The correct answer is "compaction test" because the title of Experiment 5 is referring to the compaction test. This suggests that Experiment 5 is focused on conducting a test to determine the compaction characteristics of a material, which is an important aspect in construction and geotechnical engineering.

The full name of Ma'am Lara is Lara Camille L. Aloot.

The title of Experiment 6 is "sieve analysis."

The correct answer is "hydrometer analysis" because it is the title of Experiment 7.

The title of Experiment 8 is "water repellency test" because it is specifically mentioned in the question.

The title of Experiment 9 is "volume expansion test."

The title of Experiment 10 is "Visual Classification of Soils." This suggests that the experiment involves a method or process of classifying soils based on visual characteristics. It is likely that the experiment focuses on visually identifying and categorizing different types of soils based on their appearance, color, texture, or other observable features.

The full name of Ma'am Shane is Shane L. Alolod.

The correct answer is a list of four different soil particle shapes: angular, subangular, rounded, and subrounded. These terms describe the physical appearance of soil particles and help classify them based on their shape. Angular particles have sharp edges and corners, while subangular particles have slightly rounded edges. Rounded particles are smooth and have no sharp edges, and subrounded particles have slightly rounded edges. These classifications are important in understanding soil properties and behaviors, such as water retention and drainage.

This formula is used to calculate the liquid limit (LL) of a substance. The liquid limit is a property of soil that represents the moisture content at which the soil transitions from a plastic state to a liquid state. This formula helps determine the LL value by considering various factors such as the number of blows required for the soil to flow and the moisture content of the soil sample.

The correct answer for this question is PL, which stands for plastic limit. The term "plastic limit" refers to the moisture content at which a soil becomes plastic and can be molded into different shapes without breaking. This formula is used to determine the plastic limit of a soil sample, which is an important parameter in geotechnical engineering and soil mechanics. By knowing the plastic limit, engineers can assess the soil's behavior and make informed decisions regarding its use in construction projects.

The correct answer is FI, flow index. The formula is used to calculate the flow index, which is a measure of the flowability of a material. The flow index indicates how easily a material can flow under a specific set of conditions.

The formula is for calculating the plasticity index (PI). The plasticity index is a measure of the range of moisture content over which a soil exhibits plastic behavior. It is calculated by subtracting the liquid limit from the plastic limit. This index is important in geotechnical engineering as it helps determine the soil's behavior and suitability for construction purposes.

In Experiment 3, the soil sample was passed through sieve no. 12. This means that the soil was sieved using a sieve with 12 mesh openings per inch. Sieving is a common method used to separate particles of different sizes in soil samples. By using sieve no. 12, the experimenters were able to remove any larger particles from the soil sample, leaving only the finer particles that were able to pass through the sieve. This step is important in order to ensure uniformity and consistency in the soil sample used for further analysis or experimentation.

The given formula is for calculating specific gravity (SG). Specific gravity is a measurement used to compare the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance, usually water. It helps to determine the relative density or heaviness of a substance.

The correct answer is 40. This indicates that the soil specimen used in Experiment 4 was an oven-dried sand that passed through a No. 30 sieve and was retained on a No. 40 sieve. This means that the sand particles were relatively fine, with a particle size between the sizes of the No. 30 and No. 40 sieves.

The correct answer is "standard proctor compaction mold." This type of mold is used in the In-Place Density Test, also known as the Proctor Test. This test is used to determine the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of a soil sample. The standard proctor compaction mold is specifically designed to hold a specific volume of soil and allow for compaction using a hammer. This mold ensures that the soil sample is compacted under controlled conditions, allowing for accurate density measurements.

In a compaction test, the compactive effort refers to the amount of mechanical energy that is applied to the soil mass. This energy is used to compact the soil and increase its density. The compactive effort can be controlled by adjusting factors such as the weight of the compaction equipment, the number of passes made over the soil, and the speed of the equipment. By applying the appropriate compactive effort, the soil can be compacted to achieve the desired level of density and strength.

A hydrometer is a device used to measure the specific gravity or density of a liquid. It is typically made of glass and has a cylindrical stem with a bulb at the bottom. The bulb is weighted with mercury or lead shot to make it float upright in the liquid being measured. By measuring the depth to which the hydrometer sinks, the density of the liquid can be determined.

The dispersing agent used in Hydrometer Analysis is water or H2O. In this experiment, a hydrometer is used to measure the particle size distribution of a soil sample. Water is added to the soil sample to create a suspension, allowing the particles to separate and settle according to their sizes. The hydrometer then measures the settling rate of the particles, which can be used to determine the particle size distribution. Water acts as a dispersing agent in this process, ensuring that the particles are evenly suspended and allowing for accurate measurements.

In the given question, it is stated that the sieves need to be assembled in ascending order of sieve number. The No. 4 sieve is mentioned to be at the top. Therefore, the bottom sieve should have a higher sieve number than the No. 4 sieve. The only option that satisfies this condition is 200, which is why it is the correct answer.

The soil specimen used in Experiment 7 was a 50 grams of oven dried soil passing sieve no. 200. This means that the soil sample was dried in an oven to remove any moisture and then passed through a sieve with a mesh size of 200. The purpose of passing the soil through the sieve is to ensure that only particles smaller than the sieve size are included in the specimen. This helps to standardize the size and composition of the soil sample for accurate testing and analysis.

The correct answer for this question is "standard proctor." This suggests that in Experiment 5, the type of compaction test used was the standard proctor test. The standard proctor test is a common method used to determine the maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of a soil sample, which is important in construction and engineering projects. This test involves compacting the soil at various moisture levels and measuring the resulting density to determine the moisture content that yields the highest density.

In Experiment 2, participants are instructed to practice using the cup and find the appropriate rate at which to rotate the crank. The goal is to make the cup drop approximately two times per second. This suggests that the correct answer to the question is 2, as "two" is the word that represents the numerical value of 2.

The correct answer is "volume expansion test" because the given explanation states that the test is for determining the free swell of a disturbed soil on wetting. This implies that the test is specifically designed to measure the volume expansion of the soil when it becomes wet. Therefore, "volume expansion test" is the appropriate term to describe this procedure. "Volume expansion" alone is not as specific and does not convey that it is a test or a procedure.

In Experiment 9, the soil specimen used was required to be at least 1 kg of soil passing sieve no. 40. This means that the soil used in the experiment should have particles that are small enough to pass through sieve no. 40, which has openings of a specific size. The size of the sieve indicates the maximum particle size that can pass through it. Therefore, using soil passing sieve no. 40 ensures that the soil used in the experiment meets the required particle size criteria.

In the volume expansion test, the soil is placed in a pan along with the volume expansion boxes. Water is then added to the soil, but only up to a certain height. The correct answer is 75%, indicating that the water should be added until it reaches 75% of the height of the boxes. This ensures that there is enough water to accurately measure the volume expansion of the soil, but also leaves some space for the soil to expand without overflowing the boxes.

The correct answer is water content, moisture content. Water content and moisture content both refer to the ratio of the mass of water in a given mass of soil to the mass of the dry soil solids. It is expressed as a percentage and represents the amount of water present in the soil.

The correct answer for determining the specific gravity of soil in Exp. 3 is the pycnometer or pycnometer jar. The pycnometer is a small glass container with a known volume that is used to measure the density of a substance. In this case, it is used to measure the density of the soil sample. By comparing the weight of the pycnometer with and without the soil sample, the specific gravity of the soil can be calculated.

In the experiment of sieve analysis, the sieve stack is placed in a mechanical shaker and shaken for a specific amount of time. The correct answer is 10 minutes, indicating that the sieve stack should be shaken for 10 minutes in the mechanical shaker. This duration ensures that the particles in the sample are properly separated and classified according to their size. Alternatively, the stack can also be shaken manually, but it needs to be done carefully to achieve accurate results.

In Sieve Analysis, percent passing refers to the percentage of particles that are smaller than a particular sieve size. It represents the proportion of material that passes through the sieve and is commonly known as "percent finer". This term is used to describe the size distribution of particles in a soil sample, indicating the amount of fine particles present in relation to the total sample.

The correct answer is "compaction test, compaction." In this experiment, the researcher is trying to understand the connection between the moisture content and the dry density of a soil under a specific compactive effort. The term "compaction test" refers to the specific procedure used to measure the compaction characteristics of the soil, while "compaction" is the general process of increasing the density of the soil by applying pressure. Both terms are relevant to the experiment and its objective.

Water repellency can be identified through a simple water drop penetration test. This test involves placing a drop of water on a surface and observing how it behaves. If the water beads up and rolls off the surface, it indicates water repellency. On the other hand, if the water quickly absorbs into the surface, it indicates a lack of water repellency. Therefore, the correct answer is water repellency.

The correct answer is 3. This suggests that in the Compaction Test, the water content for the first test should be 3%.

The correct answer for the container used for the Volume Expansion Test is both the volume expansion box and styrofoam cups. These containers are commonly used in experiments to measure the expansion of liquids when heated. The volume expansion box is designed specifically for this purpose, while styrofoam cups are also suitable due to their insulating properties and ability to withstand temperature changes. Both containers provide a controlled environment for the test and ensure accurate measurements of volume expansion.

In the Plastic Limit Test, it is important to apply sufficient pressure to roll the mass into a thread of uniform diameter. This can be achieved by using about 90 strokes per minute. The strokes help to compact and shape the soil sample, ensuring that it reaches its plastic limit. Using the correct number of strokes per minute is crucial in obtaining accurate and reliable results in this test.

Sieve analysis is a method used to determine the particle size distribution of a granular material. It involves passing the material through a series of sieves with different sized openings, and measuring the amount of material retained on each sieve. This analysis provides valuable information about the particle size distribution, which is important for various applications such as construction, agriculture, and pharmaceuticals.

Sieve analysis is a test used to determine the particle size distribution of a granular material. It involves passing the material through a series of sieves with progressively smaller openings and measuring the amount of material retained on each sieve. This process helps to classify the material based on its particle size distribution, which is also known as gradation. Therefore, the correct answer for this question is gradation.

Cc stands for coefficient of curvature in sieve analysis. It is a measure of the shape of the particle size distribution curve. It indicates the degree of curvature of the curve, which can be used to determine the uniformity of the soil or aggregate sample. A higher value of Cc indicates a more uniform particle size distribution, while a lower value indicates a wider range of particle sizes.

The given answer lists several different methods used to compact soil in the field, which include tamping, kneading, vibration, and static load compaction. These methods involve applying pressure or force to the soil to reduce its volume and increase its density. Tamping involves repeatedly striking the soil surface with a tamper or compactor to compress it. Kneading involves using a roller or similar equipment to knead and press the soil. Vibration involves using vibrating equipment to shake and compact the soil. Static load compaction involves applying a static load or weight on the soil for a certain period to achieve compaction.

In Experiment 7, when conducting a Hydrometer Analysis, it is necessary to take a sample of fine soil weighing at least 50g. This soil sample is then placed into a beaker. The next step is to add 125 mL of the dispersing agent or water to the beaker. This is done to ensure that the soil particles are properly dispersed and separated before conducting the analysis.

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In the plastic limit test, the thread is subjected to deformation until its diameter reaches 3.2 mm (1/8 inch), and this should be done within a maximum time of two minutes. This specific diameter is chosen as it indicates the point at which the soil transitions from a plastic to a semi-solid state. The time limit ensures that the test is conducted efficiently and consistently.

If more than half of the coarse fraction in a soil sample is smaller than 4.75mm, it indicates that the soil has a significant amount of fine particles. This suggests that the soil is sandy, as sandy soils have a high proportion of sand-sized particles.

In Experiment 1, a total of 6 moisture cans were used.

Specific gravity is a measurement that compares the density of a substance to the density of water. It indicates whether a material is heavier or lighter than water. If the specific gravity is less than 1, the material is lighter than water, while a specific gravity greater than 1 means the material is heavier. Therefore, the correct answer, specific gravity, accurately describes the concept of comparing the weight of a material to water.

In Experiment 6, the process of sieve analysis is being conducted. This involves calculating the percent retained on each sieve. To do this, the weight retained on each sieve is divided by the original sample mass. This calculation helps determine the amount of material that is retained on each sieve, giving an indication of the particle size distribution of the sample.

A hydrometer is a device that is used to measure the specific gravity or relative density of liquids. It does this by comparing the density of the liquid to the density of water. By measuring the specific gravity, the hydrometer can provide information about the concentration or purity of a liquid.

In Exp. 7 Hydrometer Analysis, a reading less than zero is recorded as a negative (-) correction and a reading between zero and sixty is recorded as a positive (+) correction. This reading is called the zero correction.

The correct answer is dilatancy test. In this test, a sample of soft putty consistency is made in the palm and then observed during shaking, squeezing, and vigorous tapping. Dilatancy refers to the property of a material to increase in volume when subjected to shear stress. Therefore, by observing the reaction of the putty during these actions, one can determine if it exhibits dilatancy or not.

A grooving tool is a tool that is specifically designed to cut clean and straight grooves. In Experiment 2, the grooving tool was used to create a groove down the center of the cup. This tool would have a sharp cutting edge that can easily penetrate the material of the cup and create a precise groove. By using a grooving tool, the experimenter would be able to achieve a clean and straight groove in the cup, which would be important for the experiment.

The correct answer is 500 because the question states to fill the jar with distilled water to the mark, and the mark indicates a volume of 500 ml.

The sand cone method is a commonly used procedure for determining the field unit weight of compaction. In this method, a hole is dug in the soil and filled with dry sand of known weight. The volume of the hole is then determined by measuring the amount of sand required to fill it. By comparing the weight of the sand to the volume of the hole, the unit weight of the soil can be calculated. This method is widely used in construction and geotechnical engineering to assess the compaction characteristics of soils.

The correct answer is liquid limit and plastic limit. These two properties are important in soil classification as they help determine the behavior and characteristics of the soil. The liquid limit represents the moisture content at which the soil transitions from a plastic state to a liquid state, indicating its ability to flow. On the other hand, the plastic limit represents the moisture content at which the soil transitions from a plastic state to a semisolid state, indicating its ability to be molded. Both the liquid limit and plastic limit are crucial in understanding the consistency and plasticity of the soil.

The correct answer for the apparatus used for liquid limit test is the Casagrande apparatus, Casagrande's cup, and Casagrande. These three options are all related to the same apparatus. The Casagrande apparatus is a device used to determine the liquid limit of a soil sample. It consists of a brass cup (Casagrande's cup) that is filled with the soil sample and a mechanism to measure the number of blows required to close a groove made in the soil. Casagrande refers to the inventor of this apparatus, Arthur Casagrande.

Dry strength refers to the ability of a soil to maintain its structure and resist deformation when it is dry. It is a measure of the character and quantity of the colloidal fraction, which consists of fine particles suspended in water, contained in the soil. The colloidal fraction plays a crucial role in determining the soil's physical properties, such as its ability to retain water and nutrients, as well as its overall stability. Therefore, dry strength is an important indicator of a soil's quality and its suitability for various applications, such as construction or agriculture.

In the compaction test, a smooth curve is drawn connecting the plotted points to represent the relationship between the dry density and moisture content of the soil. On the same graph, a curve of complete saturation or "zero air voids curve" is drawn to represent the maximum density that can be achieved when there are no air voids present in the soil. This curve helps to determine the optimum moisture content for compaction and ensures that the soil is compacted to its maximum potential.

The correct answer is fine-grained soil because the consistency limits test, also known as the Atterberg limits test, is used to determine the moisture content at different stages of soil consistency. This test is typically performed on fine-grained soils such as clay or silt, as these soils have a higher water-holding capacity and can exhibit different states of consistency (liquid, plastic, and solid) depending on their moisture content. Coarse-grained soils, on the other hand, have larger particle sizes and do not undergo significant changes in consistency with varying moisture content, making them unsuitable for this test.

The hydrometer method is used to determine the distribution of the finer particles. This method involves measuring the settling velocity of particles in a liquid medium. Finer particles have a slower settling velocity compared to coarse particles, allowing them to stay suspended in the liquid for a longer time. By measuring the settling velocity, the hydrometer method can provide information about the size distribution of the finer particles in a sample.

The given correct answer for this question is "plasticity test, toughness test, plasticity, toughness". In this test, the samples are rolled into a thread about 1/8" in diameter and then folded and rerolled repeatedly until the thread crumbles at the same diameter. This process is used to measure both the plasticity and toughness of the material being tested. Plasticity refers to the ability of a material to undergo permanent deformation without breaking, while toughness refers to the ability of a material to absorb energy and resist fracture. Therefore, this test assesses both the plasticity and toughness properties of the material.

The formula for moisture content is Ww/Ws, where Ww represents the weight of water and Ws represents the weight of solid material. This formula is commonly used to calculate the amount of water present in a substance, such as soil or food, by comparing it to the weight of the dry material. By dividing the weight of water by the weight of solid material, we can determine the proportion of moisture in the substance.

If the major soil constituent in Experiment 10 are fines, it is necessary to perform the dry strength test, dilatancy test, and plasticity test. This is because fines have a significant impact on the behavior and properties of the soil, such as its strength, volume change, and plasticity. By conducting these tests, we can accurately assess and understand the characteristics and behavior of the soil in Experiment 10. Therefore, the statement "True" is correct.

The correct answer is undisturbed soil. In Experiment 8, the Water Repellency Test, undisturbed soil specimens were used. This means that the soil samples were not disturbed or altered in any way before conducting the test. Using undisturbed soil allows for a more accurate representation of the natural soil conditions and properties, which is essential for obtaining reliable test results.

Well-graded soil refers to soil that contains a wide range of particle sizes. This means that the soil consists of both large and small particles, resulting in a balanced distribution. Well-graded soil is desirable because it allows for good drainage and reduces the risk of soil erosion. On the other hand, poorly graded soil refers to soil that contains a narrow range of particle sizes, either mostly large or mostly small particles. Poorly graded soil can have negative effects such as poor drainage and instability. Therefore, the correct answer is well-graded.

A soil water repellency determination test measures the time it takes for water to penetrate the soil. If the time is less than 1 second, it means that the soil is not significantly water repellent. This suggests that the soil has a high level of water absorption and does not resist water penetration. Therefore, it can be concluded that the water repellency of the soil is not significant.

The correct answer is "Expanded Soil/Residual Soil". This formula represents the percentage of volume expansion of the soil. By dividing the volume of the expanded soil by the volume of the residual soil, we can determine the percentage increase in volume. This formula is commonly used in geotechnical engineering to assess the potential for soil expansion and its effects on structures.

Increasing plasticity refers to increasing the ability of a material to be molded or shaped without breaking. When a material has higher plasticity, it means that it can withstand more stress and strain before it breaks. Therefore, it is logical to conclude that the dry strength of a material would increase with increasing plasticity, as it would be able to withstand more force and pressure without breaking. Therefore, the statement "The dry strength increases with increasing plasticity" is true.

A soil water repellency determination test measures the ability of soil to repel water. If the test result falls within the range of 10-50 seconds, it indicates low water repellence. This means that the soil has some degree of resistance to water infiltration, but it is not highly repellent. It suggests that the soil may have some hydrophobic properties, but water can still penetrate to some extent.

Lean clay (CL) is not a high plasticity clay. Lean clay refers to a type of clay soil that has a relatively low plasticity index. Plasticity index is a measure of the ability of the soil to change shape and retain its shape after deformation. A high plasticity clay would have a high plasticity index, indicating that it is more malleable and can be easily molded. Therefore, the statement that lean clay is a high plasticity clay is false.