Soal-soal Ips Ekonomi Kelas X Bab II

Pembelian makanan adalah contoh biaya sehari-hari karena ini adalah salah satu kebutuhan dasar yang harus dibeli setiap hari. Makanan adalah kebutuhan penting yang harus dipenuhi untuk mempertahankan kesehatan dan kehidupan sehari-hari. Pembelian makanan termasuk dalam pengeluaran rutin yang harus dilakukan setiap hari atau setiap beberapa hari.

This answer is correct because it follows the logical order of understanding the aspects of modern economics. First, we need to understand "what" the problem is, then we need to understand "how" it is affecting the economy, and finally, we need to consider "for whom" the problem is impacting. This sequence allows for a comprehensive analysis of the economic issue at hand.

The correct answer explains that the difference between classical economic problems and modern economic problems lies in their scope. Classical economic problems encompass all aspects of economic activities, while modern economic problems focus only on the aspect of production. This means that classical economic problems consider a broader range of factors and considerations in the economy, while modern economic problems are more specific and limited in their scope.

The given statement is correct because the current economic system used in Indonesia is indeed a people's economy system, also known as a populist economic system. This system aims to prioritize the welfare and well-being of the people by promoting economic activities that benefit the majority of the population. It emphasizes the role of small and medium-sized enterprises, cooperatives, and community-based economic initiatives. This approach is in line with the government's efforts to reduce inequality and promote inclusive economic growth in the country.

The given answer, "memperoleh laba yang sebesar-besarnya dari orang lain" (obtaining the maximum profit from others), does not align with the objectives of an economic system. The main goals of an economic system are to create prosperity and welfare for society, develop and grow economic activities, establish effective and efficient coordination of economic actions, and ensure equal rights and income distribution. However, seeking maximum profit from others does not reflect the broader objectives of an economic system, which are focused on the overall well-being of society rather than individual gains at the expense of others.

The correct answer is "semua sumber ekonomi dikuasai oleh pemerintah atas nama rakyat." This statement is not a advantage of a market economic system. In a market economic system, resources are not controlled by the government on behalf of the people, but rather by individuals and businesses who make their own economic decisions. This allows for competition, innovation, and individual freedom in economic activities.

The given statement is incorrect. The term "sistem ekonomi pasar" refers to a market economic system, whereas "sistem ekonomi terpusat" refers to a centrally planned economic system. These are two different types of economic systems with contrasting characteristics. In a market economic system, resources are allocated based on the forces of supply and demand, while in a centrally planned economic system, the government controls the allocation of resources. Therefore, the correct answer is "Salah" (False).

This example best represents the concept of opportunity cost because the employee had to choose between buying both shoes and an office bag or just buying the shoes. Due to limited funds, the employee had to forego buying the office bag and choose the option with the highest value for them, which was buying the shoes. Therefore, the cost of buying the office bag is the opportunity cost in this situation.

The correct answer is masyarakat aktif dalam kegiatan ekonomi, sedangkan pemerintah menciptakan iklim ekonomi yang sehat. This answer suggests that in a system of people's economy, the community actively participates in economic activities while the government creates a healthy economic climate. This means that the community plays a crucial role in driving economic growth through their active involvement, while the government ensures a conducive environment for economic development.

The given answer, "sering terjadi krisis ekonomi" (often experiencing economic crises), does not fit the characteristics of a traditional economic system. Traditional economic systems are based on customs, traditions, and beliefs, where the livelihood of the community is determined by traditions, and people work to meet their basic needs. The occurrence of economic crises is more common in market or mixed economic systems, where factors such as market fluctuations and external influences play a significant role.

The correct answer is "sistem ekonomi pasar dan sistem ekonomi komando." A mixed economic system is a combination of a market economy and a command economy. In a market economy, the allocation of resources is determined by the forces of supply and demand, while in a command economy, the government controls the allocation of resources. A mixed economic system incorporates elements of both systems, allowing for some government intervention while still allowing market forces to play a role in resource allocation.

The given statement is incorrect. The command economy system is not based on the teachings of Adam Smith. Adam Smith is known for his ideas on free market capitalism, which is the opposite of a command economy. In a command economy, the government has control over the production and allocation of resources, while in a free market system, individuals and businesses have the freedom to make economic decisions. Therefore, the correct answer is "Salah" (False).

The correct answer is "pengeluaran untuk memperoleh barang atau jasa." This answer accurately defines biaya as the expenditure or cost incurred in order to obtain goods or services. It emphasizes the concept of spending money in exchange for acquiring something.

The correct answer is "orde baru". The economic democracy system was implemented by Indonesia during the "orde baru" era. This era, which lasted from the 1960s to the late 1990s, was characterized by the economic policies of President Suharto. During this time, the government implemented various measures to promote economic development and reduce poverty. This included the establishment of state-owned enterprises, economic deregulation, and attracting foreign investment. The goal was to create a more equitable distribution of wealth and improve the overall economic well-being of the country.

The factors that influence the differences in economic systems in each country include ideology, culture, politics, system of government, and the economic systems of other countries. Devisa, or foreign exchange, is not a factor that directly affects the differences in economic systems. While foreign exchange can have an impact on a country's economy, it is not a determining factor in the variation of economic systems between countries.

The given answer, "adanya eksploitasi oleh para pemilik modal" (exploitation by the owners of capital), is not a disadvantage of the command economic system. The command economic system is characterized by central planning and government control over the allocation of resources. The other options listed, such as "produktivitas kurang terjamin" (productivity is not guaranteed) and "sering terjadi monopoli" (monopolies often occur), highlight some of the shortcomings of a command economic system. However, exploitation by the owners of capital is more commonly associated with a capitalist or market-based economic system.

The negative impact of economic democracy includes the emergence of free fight liberalism, the emergence of an etatist system, and the emergence of unhealthy competition that will harm society. However, the answer "the emergence of large-scale exploitation" is not a negative impact of economic democracy.

The given answer correctly states that a system of economics encompasses all aspects that are closely related to the economic patterns of a country, both in material and abstract terms. It implies that a system of economics involves not only tangible elements such as resources, production, and distribution but also intangible factors like economic policies, institutions, and ideologies. This comprehensive understanding of a system of economics helps in achieving the economic well-being and prosperity of the society as a whole.