Side-effects Of Neuroleptic Medication Vs. Allergic Reactions
Neuroleptics are a class of medication ordered to help relieve signs and symptoms of psychosis. Unfortunately, there are some side effects that may appear that are significant. However, one needs to know the difference between side-effects and an allergic reaction. This competency will test your skill in this area.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The resident comes up to you and said he thinks his medication is bothering him. You look at him and he is shifting his weight from one foot to the other. He can’t seem to stand still. Is this a side-effect of neuroleptic medication or is it more a symptom of his illness?
- A.
Side-effect of neuroleptic medication
- B.
A symptom of his illness
Correct Answer
A. Side-effect of neuroleptic medicationExplanation
The resident's inability to stand still and constant shifting of weight indicates a symptom known as akathisia, which is a common side-effect of neuroleptic medication. This side-effect causes restlessness and an uncontrollable urge to move. Therefore, it is likely that the resident's behavior is a result of the medication rather than a symptom of his illness.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A resident is on a neuroleptic and he complains of stiffness in his neck. You noticed that his head is turned to one side. He is exhibiting which side-effect?
- A.
Tortellini
- B.
Neck tortion
- C.
Cystectocolostitis
- D.
Torticollis
Correct Answer
D. TorticollisExplanation
Torticollis is the correct answer because it refers to the condition where the head is turned to one side due to muscle stiffness or spasm in the neck. This is a known side effect of neuroleptic medications, which are commonly used to treat psychiatric conditions. The complaint of stiffness in the neck and the observation of the head turned to one side are consistent with the symptoms of torticollis.Rate this question:
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- 3.
If a resident has been ordered a new anti-psychotic medication. He seems unusually sleepy. Your initial course of action (if you are not a nurse or doctor) is:
- A.
Notify the nurse immediately!
- B.
Have the resident do some exercise to get him moving.
- C.
Keep the resident safe – prevent falls.
- D.
See if the resident can count to 100 by 5’s.
Correct Answer
C. Keep the resident safe – prevent falls.Explanation
There is no need to notify the nurse. The nurse already knows the person will be sedated, but that usually means the person will be sleeping. If the person is "fighting" the effects of the medication, they may be unsteady on their feet. Your first priority is to keep that person from falling down and getting hurt. If you leave them to get the nurse, the person may get injured or worse in that short frame of time.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The resident starts clapping his hands every time he has to go off of the unit. This is a side effect of anti-psychotic medication.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Clapping the hands each time the resident is to leave their unit is a symptom of behavior or behavior disorder, not a side-effect.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Match the following term with the MOST appropriate answer:Akathisia
- A.
Hypotension
- B.
Tardive Dyskinesia
- C.
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
- D.
The person’s eyes roll up and they can’t stop it.
- E.
The person can’t sit or stand still
Correct Answer
E. The person can’t sit or stand stillExplanation
Akathisia is a term used to describe a condition where a person experiences an inability to sit or stand still. This is characterized by restlessness, fidgeting, and a constant need to move. It is often a side effect of certain medications, particularly antipsychotic drugs. The person may feel an intense urge to keep moving their legs or pacing. It can be quite distressing and uncomfortable for the individual experiencing it.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Match the following term with the MOST appropriate answer:Oculogyric crisis
- A.
Hypotension
- B.
Tardive Dyskinesia
- C.
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
- D.
The person’s eyes roll up and they can’t stop it.
- E.
The person can’t sit or stand still
Correct Answer
D. The person’s eyes roll up and they can’t stop it.Explanation
Oculogyric crisis refers to a condition where a person's eyes roll upwards and they are unable to control or stop this movement. This symptom is commonly associated with certain medications or medical conditions.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Match the following term with the MOST appropriate answer:Low blood pressure
- A.
Hypotension
- B.
Tardive Dyskinesia
- C.
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
- D.
The person’s eyes roll up and they can’t stop it.
- E.
The person can’t sit or stand still
Correct Answer
A. HypotensionExplanation
Hypotension is the most appropriate term to match with the given answer. Low blood pressure can cause symptoms such as dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting. These symptoms can be associated with the person's eyes rolling up, as indicated in the answer choice. Hypotension is a medical condition characterized by abnormally low blood pressure, which can lead to these symptoms. Tardive Dyskinesia and Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome are unrelated conditions and do not match the given answer.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Match the following term with the MOST appropriate answer:A serious, but not lethal, side-effect of anti-psychotic medications.
- A.
Hypotension
- B.
Tardive Dyskinesia
- C.
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
- D.
The person’s eyes roll up and they can’t stop it.
- E.
The person can’t sit or stand still
Correct Answer
B. Tardive DyskinesiaExplanation
Tardive Dyskinesia is a serious side-effect of anti-psychotic medications that is characterized by involuntary movements, such as the rolling up of the person's eyes, which they are unable to control or stop. It is not lethal, but it can significantly impact the quality of life for individuals taking these medications.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A life-threatening side effect of anti-psychotic medications.
- A.
Hypotension
- B.
Tardive Dyskinesia
- C.
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
- D.
The person’s eyes roll up and they can’t stop it.
- E.
The person can’t sit or stand still
Correct Answer
C. Neuroleptic Malignant SyndromeExplanation
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome is a life-threatening side effect of anti-psychotic medications. It is characterized by symptoms such as high fever, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction. This condition can be fatal if not recognized and treated promptly. The symptoms mentioned in the question, such as the person's eyes rolling up and their inability to stop it, are consistent with the symptoms of Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Please Read Carefully!!! The following is either a side-effect of the neuroleptic medication, an allergic reaction, or maybe both. Check which one it is after the question.The person complains of muscle stiffness and dry-mouth
- A.
Side-Effect
- B.
Allergic Reaction
- C.
Both
Correct Answer
A. Side-EffectExplanation
The person is experiencing muscle stiffness and dry mouth, which are common side-effects of neuroleptic medication. These medications can cause extrapyramidal symptoms, such as muscle stiffness, due to their effects on dopamine receptors in the brain. Dry mouth, also known as xerostomia, is another common side-effect of many medications, including neuroleptics. Therefore, it is likely that the person's symptoms are a side-effect of the neuroleptic medication they are taking.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Please Read Carefully!!! The following is either a side-effect of the neuroleptic medication, an allergic reaction, or maybe both. Check which one it is after the question.The person has complains of breathing difficulty and is wheezing
- A.
Side-effect
- B.
Allergic Reaction
- C.
Both
Correct Answer
B. Allergic ReactionExplanation
The person experiencing breathing difficulty and wheezing is most likely having an allergic reaction. These symptoms are commonly associated with allergic reactions, such as asthma or anaphylaxis. Neuroleptic medications typically do not cause these specific symptoms as side effects, making an allergic reaction the more plausible explanation.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Please Read Carefully!!! The following is either a side-effect of the neuroleptic medication, an allergic reaction, or maybe both. Check which one it is after the question.The person feels dizzy when standing up from their chair
- A.
Side-effect
- B.
Allergic Reaction
- C.
Both
Correct Answer
C. BothExplanation
The medication may cause hypotension, or low blood prressure, which can make one dizzy when they stand. However, if the person is going into shock, the blood pressure can drop dangerously low and the person will get dizzy upon standing, and will eventually go unconscious if the situation is not corrected.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Please Read Carefully!!! The following is either a side-effect of the neuroleptic medication, an allergic reaction, or maybe both. Check which one it is after the question.The person is found unconscious on the floor, blood pressure is dangerously low. Their eyes are “puffy”.
- A.
Side-effect
- B.
Allergic Reaction
- C.
Both
Correct Answer
B. Allergic ReactionExplanation
The given answer suggests that the person's unconsciousness, dangerously low blood pressure, and puffy eyes are all symptoms of an allergic reaction. This explanation implies that the neuroleptic medication has caused an allergic reaction in the person, leading to these symptoms.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Please Read Carefully!!! The following is either a side-effect of the neuroleptic medication, an allergic reaction, or maybe both. Check which one it is after the question.The person’s Haldol dosage is raised and the person starts to have spastic movements of their right arm. They are very distressed by this.
- A.
Side-effect
- B.
Allergic Reaction
- C.
Both
Correct Answer
A. Side-effectExplanation
The person's spastic movements of their right arm after an increase in Haldol dosage suggests a side-effect of the medication. This is because Haldol is a neuroleptic medication commonly used to treat conditions such as schizophrenia, and one of the known side-effects of this medication is the development of involuntary muscle movements, including spasticity. The person's distress further supports the idea that this is a side-effect, as they are experiencing negative symptoms as a result of the medication.Rate this question:
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- 15.
If a person has a mild allergic reaction to a new medication, it is perfectly fine to give them another dose after the symptoms go away. This is because their body should adapt to it by then. Is this statement true or false?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
False. Giving a person another dose of a medication after a mild allergic reaction is not recommended. Allergic reactions can worsen with subsequent exposure to the allergen, and it is important to consult a healthcare professional before continuing the medication. The body may not necessarily adapt to the medication, and it is crucial to ensure the person's safety and well-being by seeking proper medical advice.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What should you do for anybody having a severe allergic reaction?
- A.
Call for help. Stay with that person and keep them calm. This will help them and possibly be enough to stop the reaction.
- B.
Call for help. Stay with the person until medical help can arrive. Strike their chest with your fist repeatedly if they go into cardiovascular crisis.
- C.
Call for help. Give excellent directions for the rescue personnel and leave - you don't need to be in the way.
- D.
Call for help! Immediately perform CPR if you know it.
- E.
Call for help. Stay with the person and try to keep them calm. If they have an epinephrine pen, assist them in its administration if you are certified to do so. Prepare to perform CPR if needed.
Correct Answer
E. Call for help. Stay with the person and try to keep them calm. If they have an epinephrine pen, assist them in its administration if you are certified to do so. Prepare to perform CPR if needed.Explanation
In the event of a severe allergic reaction, the correct course of action is to call for help and stay with the person, keeping them calm. If the person has an epinephrine pen, assist them in its administration if you are certified to do so. Additionally, be prepared to perform CPR if necessary. This response emphasizes the importance of immediate medical assistance, providing support to the person experiencing the reaction, and taking appropriate actions based on the individual's condition and available resources.Rate this question:
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