What Is The Main Cause Of Seizures And Epilepsy?

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| By Ellis018
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Ellis018
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  • 1/21 Questions

    Type of partial seizure where patient is alert during seizure

    • Simple
    • Complex
    • Secondarily Generalized
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What Is The Main Cause Of Seizures And Epilepsy? - Quiz

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  • 2. 

    Type of seizure where pt has a change in awareness

    • Simple

    • Complex

    • Secondarily generalized

    Correct Answer
    A. Complex
    Explanation
    A complex seizure is a type of seizure where the individual experiences a change in awareness. During a complex seizure, the person may exhibit altered consciousness, confusion, and may engage in automatic behaviors such as lip smacking or repetitive movements. These seizures typically last longer than simple seizures and can involve both sides of the brain. Complex seizures are often associated with a loss of memory or awareness of the event afterwards.

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  • 3. 

    Seizures are....

    • Diseases

    • Symptoms

    • Allergic reactions

    Correct Answer
    A. Symptoms
    Explanation
    Seizures are not diseases themselves but rather symptoms of an underlying condition. They are caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain and can be a result of various factors such as epilepsy, head injuries, infections, or certain medications. Seizures can manifest in different ways, including convulsions, loss of consciousness, or abnormal sensations. Therefore, considering seizures as symptoms is an accurate explanation.

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  • 4. 

    A seizure that occurs at the time or briefly following a recoent brain disorder

    • Acute Symptomatic seizure

    • Unprovoked seizure

    • Chronic seizure

    Correct Answer
    A. Acute Symptomatic seizure
    Explanation
    An acute symptomatic seizure refers to a seizure that occurs as a direct result of a recent brain disorder or injury. This means that there is a clear and identifiable cause for the seizure, such as a stroke, infection, or head trauma. The seizure happens either at the time of the brain disorder or shortly afterwards. It is different from an unprovoked seizure, which occurs without any apparent cause, and a chronic seizure, which refers to seizures that occur repeatedly over a long period of time.

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  • 5. 

    Seizure where the pt goes stiff and falls followed by convulsion

    • Absence

    • Tonic-clonic

    • Tonic

    • Atonic

    Correct Answer
    A. Tonic-clonic
    Explanation
    The given correct answer, tonic-clonic, is the most appropriate explanation for the described seizure where the patient goes stiff and falls followed by convulsions. A tonic-clonic seizure, also known as a grand mal seizure, is a type of seizure characterized by a sudden loss of consciousness, muscle stiffness (tonic phase), and subsequent rhythmic jerking movements (clonic phase). This seizure type fits the description provided, making tonic-clonic the correct answer.

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  • 6. 

    What are the 2 major classes of seizures?

    • Generalized onset

    • Partial onset

    • Absence onset

    • Tonic onset

    • Acute onset

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Generalized onset
    A. Partial onset
    Explanation
    The correct answer is generalized onset and partial onset. Seizures can be categorized into two major classes based on their onset patterns. Generalized onset seizures involve abnormal electrical activity throughout the brain from the beginning, resulting in loss of consciousness and convulsions. On the other hand, partial onset seizures start in a specific area of the brain and may or may not involve loss of consciousness. These two classes encompass the majority of seizure types and help in understanding and diagnosing different forms of epilepsy.

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  • 7. 

    Type of generalized seizure where there is staring and blinking

    • Absence

    • Tonic-clonic

    • Myoclonic

    • Atonic

    Correct Answer
    A. Absence
    Explanation
    Absence seizures, also known as petit mal seizures, are a type of generalized seizure characterized by brief episodes of staring and blinking. During an absence seizure, the person may appear to be daydreaming or "zoning out" for a few seconds. These seizures typically begin and end abruptly, and the person may not have any memory of the episode afterwards. Absence seizures are most commonly seen in children and can occur multiple times throughout the day. They are caused by abnormal electrical activity in the brain and can be treated with anti-seizure medications.

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  • 8. 

    When do you do a CT scan in regards to seizures?

    • You don't. There is only MRI

    • CT is preferred

    • When you suspect trauma

    Correct Answer
    A. When you suspect trauma
    Explanation
    When a patient presents with seizures and there is a suspicion of trauma, a CT scan is performed. This is because a CT scan is better suited for detecting acute traumatic injuries such as bleeding or fractures, which may be the cause of the seizures. MRI, on the other hand, is more commonly used for evaluating chronic or structural causes of seizures. Therefore, in cases where trauma is suspected, a CT scan is preferred over an MRI.

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  • 9. 

    What is epilepsy characterized by?

    • 4 unprovoked seizures at least 42 hours apart

    • 2 provoked seizures within 48 hours

    • 2 unprovoked seizures at least 24 hours apart

    Correct Answer
    A. 2 unprovoked seizures at least 24 hours apart
    Explanation
    Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent, unprovoked seizures. These seizures occur spontaneously and are not triggered by any specific external factors. The answer choice "2 unprovoked seizures at least 24 hours apart" accurately describes the frequency and nature of seizures in epilepsy. The requirement of at least two seizures helps to differentiate epilepsy from isolated or provoked seizures, which may occur due to temporary factors such as fever or drug withdrawal. The minimum time gap of 24 hours ensures that the seizures are not part of a single prolonged event.

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  • 10. 

    For epileptic seizures what is favored?

    • Excitatory

    • Inhibitory

    Correct Answer
    A. Excitatory
    Explanation
    Epileptic seizures are caused by abnormal and excessive electrical activity in the brain. Excitatory neurotransmitters, such as glutamate, play a key role in promoting this excessive activity and triggering seizures. Therefore, it is favored that epileptic seizures are associated with excitatory processes rather than inhibitory ones.

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  • 11. 

    A normal EEG rules out the diagnosis of epilepsy

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    A normal EEG does not rule out the diagnosis of epilepsy because epilepsy can still be present even if the EEG does not show any abnormalities. An EEG is a test that measures the electrical activity in the brain, and while it can be helpful in diagnosing epilepsy, it is not definitive. Other diagnostic tests and evaluations, such as a thorough medical history, physical examination, and observation of seizures, are also necessary to accurately diagnose epilepsy. Therefore, the statement that a normal EEG rules out the diagnosis of epilepsy is false.

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  • 12. 

    Seizure where pt falls limply to the ground

    • Absence

    • Tonic-clonic

    • Myoclonic

    • Atonic

    Correct Answer
    A. Atonic
    Explanation
    Atonic seizures are characterized by a sudden loss of muscle tone, causing the individual to fall limp to the ground. This type of seizure is often referred to as a "drop attack" due to the sudden collapse. During an atonic seizure, there is a temporary loss of consciousness, but the person typically recovers quickly once the seizure ends.

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  • 13. 

    How many major classes of seizures are there?

    • 1

    • 2

    • 3

    • 4

    Correct Answer
    A. 2
    Explanation
    There are two major classes of seizures.

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  • 14. 

    Temporal lobe is the most common site for this seizure followed by the frontal lobe

    • Simple

    • Complex

    • Secondarily generalized

    Correct Answer
    A. Complex
    Explanation
    Complex seizures are characterized by impaired consciousness and can involve various regions of the brain. The temporal lobe is the most common site for complex seizures, followed by the frontal lobe. This means that seizures originating in the temporal lobe are more likely to result in impaired consciousness compared to seizures originating in other regions.

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  • 15. 

    The 2nd highest incidence of epileptic seizures occurs when?

    • 0-1yrs

    • 20-30yrs

    • 55-65

    • 65-older

    Correct Answer
    A. 0-1yrs
    Explanation
    The 2nd highest incidence of epileptic seizures occurs in infants aged 0-1 years. This age group experiences a high incidence of seizures due to factors such as genetic predisposition, birth complications, and developmental abnormalities. The immature brain and nervous system of infants make them more susceptible to seizures. However, it is important to note that the highest incidence of epileptic seizures occurs in the elderly population.

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  • 16. 

    When does an acute symptomatic seizure occur?

    • Within 2 weeks of brain insult

    • Within 1 year of brain insult

    • Within 1 week of brain insult

    • Within 1 day of brain insult

    Correct Answer
    A. Within 1 week of brain insult
    Explanation
    An acute symptomatic seizure refers to a seizure that occurs as a direct result of a specific brain insult or injury. This can include conditions such as trauma, infection, stroke, or metabolic abnormalities. The correct answer states that an acute symptomatic seizure typically occurs within 1 week of the brain insult. This timeframe is significant because it suggests that the seizure is directly related to the recent insult and helps guide medical professionals in diagnosing and treating the underlying cause of the seizure.

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  • 17. 

    What are the causes of generalized onset seizures?

    • Abnormal thalmocortical interactions

    • Altered ion channels

    • Genetic mechanisms

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Abnormal thalmocortical interactions
    A. Altered ion channels
    A. Genetic mechanisms
    Explanation
    Generalized onset seizures can be caused by abnormal thalamocortical interactions, altered ion channels, and genetic mechanisms. Abnormal thalamocortical interactions refer to the dysfunction in the communication between the thalamus and the cerebral cortex, which can lead to abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Altered ion channels can disrupt the balance of ions, such as sodium, potassium, and calcium, in the neurons, affecting their ability to generate and transmit electrical signals. Genetic mechanisms can also play a role in generalized onset seizures, as certain genetic mutations can predispose individuals to seizure activity.

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  • 18. 

    Seizures that show with automatisms such as lip smacking, chewing, and picking

    • Secondarily generalized seizures

    • Temporal lobe complex partial seizures

    • Frontal lobe complex partial seizures

    • Complex partial seizures

    Correct Answer
    A. Temporal lobe complex partial seizures
    Explanation
    Temporal lobe complex partial seizures are characterized by automatisms such as lip smacking, chewing, and picking. These seizures originate in the temporal lobe of the brain and can spread to involve other areas, leading to secondary generalization. Frontal lobe complex partial seizures may also present with automatisms, but they typically have a different pattern of symptoms. Complex partial seizures is a broader term that encompasses seizures with impaired consciousness and various types of automatisms, but temporal lobe complex partial seizures specifically match the given symptoms. Therefore, the correct answer is temporal lobe complex partial seizures.

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  • 19. 

    These seizures may look like temporal lobe seizure and pt cannot control their motor functions

    • Frontal lobe complex partial seizure

    • Temporal lobe complex partial seizure

    • Secodarily generalized seiuzures

    • Complex partial seizures

    Correct Answer
    A. Frontal lobe complex partial seizure
    Explanation
    This type of seizure is characterized by abnormal electrical activity in the frontal lobe of the brain. It can cause a variety of symptoms, including impaired motor control, such as the inability to control one's movements. This is different from temporal lobe seizures, which primarily affect the temporal lobe and may have different symptoms. Additionally, the term "complex partial seizure" refers to a type of seizure that affects a specific area of the brain and can cause altered consciousness or unusual behaviors.

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  • 20. 

    When is the highest incidence of epileptic seizures?

    • 0-1yrs

    • 20-30yrs

    • 55-65yrs

    • 65-older

    Correct Answer
    A. 65-older
    Explanation
    The highest incidence of epileptic seizures is typically seen in individuals who are 65 years old or older. This age group is more prone to developing epilepsy due to factors such as age-related brain changes, underlying health conditions, and medication interactions. Additionally, older adults may have a higher risk of falls or injuries during seizures, making it crucial to manage their condition effectively.

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  • 21. 

    Auras occur before this type of seizure?

    • Simple partial

    • Complex partial

    • Secondarily generalized partial

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Simple partial
    A. Complex partial
    A. Secondarily generalized partial
    Explanation
    Auras occur before all three types of seizures mentioned in the options: simple partial, complex partial, and secondarily generalized partial. Auras are warning signs or symptoms that some individuals experience before a seizure. They can vary from person to person but often include sensory disturbances, such as visual or auditory hallucinations, strange smells or tastes, or a feeling of déjà vu. Therefore, all three options are correct.

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Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 22, 2023 +

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 22, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Mar 22, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Ellis018
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