Reading Exercise For TOEFL Test

The word "inhaled" in line 10 means to breathe in. In the context of the passage, it refers to the act of breathing in the poisonous gas that carbon tetrachloride changes into when heated. This is significant because inhaling the gas can cause severe illness or even death. Therefore, "breathed in" is the closest meaning to the word "inhaled" in this context.

The passage describes Truman Capote's book "In Cold Blood" as a well-known example of a "nonfiction novel" where the author attempts to describe the underlying forces, thoughts, and emotions that lead to actual events. The passage also mentions that the book presents a faithful reconstruction of the incident. Therefore, the best description of the tone of the passage is "descriptive," as it focuses on the author's attempt to describe the events and emotions in the book.

The word "banned" in line 6 means prohibited or not allowed. It indicates that the use of carbon tetrachloride for home purposes is not permitted.

The passage discusses a landmark case that went all the way to the U.S Supreme Court regarding the admissibility of confessions obtained under hypnosis. It explains that, up to now, such confessions have not been admitted into evidence by the court in the United States due to concerns about their reliability. This information is relevant to the field of American Law, as it highlights the legal stance on the use of hypnotically obtained confessions in court proceedings. Therefore, the passage would probably be assigned reading in a course on American Law.

The word "revoked" in line 11 could most easily be replaced by "took away". This is because "revoked" means to officially cancel or withdraw something, which is synonymous with "took away". The other options, such as "have", "granted", and "instituted", do not convey the same meaning as "revoked" in the context of the sentence.

The passage discusses Truman Capote's In Cold Blood, which is described as a "nonfiction novel" based on factual events. It explores the underlying forces, thoughts, and emotions that lead to the sadistic murder of a family on a Kansas farm. The passage mentions that Capote interviewed the murderers to research the book, indicating that it is a work of modern American novels rather than criminal law, American history, or literary research.

The purpose of this passage is to discuss an example of a particular literary genre, specifically the "nonfiction novel." It explains how Truman Capote's In Cold Blood is a well-known example of this genre, where the author attempts to describe the underlying forces, thoughts, and emotions that lead to actual events. It also mentions that Capote interviewed the murderers to research the book and presents it as a faithful reconstruction of the incident.

The tone of this passage could be described as informative because it provides factual information and presents a case example to support the statement that confessions obtained from defendants in a hypnotic state are not admitted into evidence in the United States. It explains the reasons why such confessions are considered unreliable and mentions a landmark case that went to the U.S Supreme Court to illustrate this point. The passage does not express outrage or a strong opinion, nor does it solely focus on the judicial or hypnotic aspects.

The main point of this passage is that although carbon tetrachloride can legally be used in industry, it is not allowed in home products. This is because when heated, carbon tetrachloride changes into a poisonous gas that can cause severe illness and even death if inhaled. Due to its dangerous characteristic, the United States revoked permission for its home use in 1970.

The word "widely" in line 3 could most easily be replaced by "extensively" because it conveys the same meaning. Both words indicate that carbon tetrachloride is used extensively in industry.

Before 1970, carbon tetrachloride was often used as a component of cleaning products. It was a common ingredient in cleaning compounds that were used throughout the home. However, it was found to be dangerous when heated, as it changes into a poisonous gas that can cause severe illness and even death if inhaled. Due to this dangerous characteristic, the United States revoked permission for the home use of carbon tetrachloride in 1970.

The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses the banning of various chemical compounds by the U.S government. This can be inferred from the statement that "The United States has taken similar action with various other chemical compounds." This suggests that the paragraph will discuss the actions taken by the U.S government to ban other chemical compounds similar to carbon tetrachloride.

The passage states that when carbon tetrachloride is heated, it changes into a poisonous gas that can cause severe illness and even death if inhaled. This indicates that it becomes harmful when heated.

The author's purpose in this passage is to explain the legal status of hypnotically induced confessions. The passage provides information about a landmark case that went to the U.S Supreme Court, where the court ruled that confessions obtained under hypnosis are invalid. The author also mentions that experts in the field of hypnosis have found that many confessions obtained in a hypnotic state are not completely reliable. This information supports the idea that the legal status of hypnotically induced confessions is questionable and not admissible as evidence in court.

The passage states that the United States government revoked permission for the home use of carbon tetrachloride due to its dangerous characteristics. This suggests that one role of the U.S. government is to regulate product safety, ensuring that potentially harmful substances are not used in consumer products. Therefore, the correct answer is "regulate product safety."