Quiz On Life Sciences

Mitochondria are considered the powerhouses of the cell because they are responsible for producing the majority of the cell's energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration. They have their own DNA and can self-replicate, suggesting an evolutionary origin from a symbiotic relationship with bacteria. Mitochondria have a double membrane structure and contain enzymes and proteins that play a crucial role in the production of ATP, which is essential for various cellular processes and activities.

The term "aromatic" refers to a substance or compound that has a pleasant and distinctive smell, commonly known as fragrance. It does not necessarily imply any of the other options provided in the question, such as being cyclic, planar, conjugated, or specifically related to benzene. Aromatic compounds are often used in perfumes, essential oils, and other scented products due to their pleasant odor.

Robert Boyle is considered one of the founders of modern chemistry and made significant contributions to the field of organic chemistry. He conducted experiments and observations on the properties and behavior of various compounds, including organic compounds. His work laid the foundation for the study of organic chemistry and helped establish it as a distinct branch of chemistry.

There are five different types of immunoglobulins (also known as antibodies) present in the human body: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE. Each type has a specific function in the immune response. IgG is the most abundant and provides long-term protection against infections. IgA is found in mucosal areas and helps to prevent pathogens from entering the body. IgM is the first antibody produced during an infection. IgD is involved in the activation of B cells. IgE is associated with allergic reactions. Therefore, the correct answer is 5.

Fructose sugar is commonly known as sweet sugar because it is a naturally occurring sugar found in fruits and honey, which gives them their sweet taste. It is sweeter than regular table sugar (sucrose) and is often used as a sweetener in processed foods and beverages.

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Glycolysis is also known as the Hexosesdiphosphate pathway. This pathway involves the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP and NADH in the process. It is the first step in cellular respiration and occurs in the cytoplasm of cells. The term "Hexosesdiphosphate pathway" refers to the fact that hexose sugars, such as glucose, are converted into diphosphate molecules during this process.

There are a total of 118 elements in the periodic table, out of which 90 are naturally occurring. This means that these elements are found in nature without being synthesized or artificially created. The other 28 elements are either synthetic or have been created in laboratories. Therefore, the correct answer is 90, as it represents the number of naturally occurring elements in the periodic table.

Selman Waksman is credited with coining the term "antibiotic." He was a Ukrainian-American biochemist and microbiologist who discovered several important antibiotics, including streptomycin. Waksman's research and discoveries revolutionized the field of medicine by providing effective treatments for bacterial infections. His work earned him the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1952.