Quiz # 2 Matter

Explanation
The statement is true because matter is defined as anything that has mass. Mass is a fundamental property of matter and is a measure of the amount of material present in an object. Therefore, anything that possesses mass is considered to be matter.

Explanation
This statement is false because even though a spaceship may not have weight in space due to the absence of gravity, it still matters as it serves a purpose and has significance in terms of space exploration, transportation, and research.

Explanation
Air can be weighed because it has mass. While air may seem weightless, it is made up of various gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide, which have mass. We can measure the mass of air using instruments like a balance or scale. However, it is important to note that the weight of air can vary depending on factors such as temperature, humidity, and altitude.

Explanation
The correct answer is "is not" because a mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined. In a mixture, the substances retain their individual properties and can be separated through physical means, whereas in a chemically combined substance, the elements or compounds are bonded together in a fixed ratio and cannot be easily separated.

Explanation
In a compound, the atoms are chemically combined so that the elements that make up the compound lose their identities and take on a new set of properties. This means that the atoms undergo a chemical reaction and form new chemical bonds, resulting in a compound with different properties than the individual elements. The statement implies that the atoms lose their original characteristics and become part of a new substance with its own unique properties.

Explanation
An atom is the smallest identifiable unit of an element. It consists of a nucleus containing protons and neutrons, with electrons orbiting around it. Molecules are made up of two or more atoms bonded together, while compounds are substances composed of two or more different elements chemically combined. Therefore, the correct answer is atom, as it represents the basic building block of an element.

Explanation
The substances that are considered mixtures in this question are the sand & salt mixture and the tossed salad. A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are physically combined and can be separated by physical means. In the case of the sand & salt mixture, both sand and salt are present and can be separated by methods such as filtration or evaporation. Similarly, a tossed salad is a combination of various ingredients like vegetables, fruits, and dressings, which can be easily separated if needed. On the other hand, salt water is a solution, not a mixture, as the salt is dissolved in water and cannot be easily separated. Iron and hydrogen are elements, not mixtures, as they consist of only one type of atom.

Explanation
The substances hydrogen, iron, and pure water are considered homogeneous because they have a uniform composition throughout. In other words, their components are evenly distributed and cannot be easily distinguished. On the other hand, iron with rust and tossed salad are heterogeneous because they consist of visibly different components that are not evenly distributed.

Explanation
A solid has a definite shape because its particles are closely packed and arranged in a specific pattern, giving it a fixed shape. Additionally, a solid has a definite volume because it occupies a specific amount of space and cannot be compressed.

Explanation
A liquid has an indefinite shape, meaning it takes the shape of its container. However, it has a definite volume, meaning it has a specific amount of space it occupies.

Explanation
The given correct answer is "indefinite, indefinite". This means that a gas does not have a specific shape and can expand to fill any container. Additionally, a gas does not have a specific volume and can also expand or contract depending on the conditions.

Explanation
A plasma does not have a definite shape because it can expand and contract freely. Similarly, it does not have a definite volume because it can also expand and contract depending on the conditions it is in. Therefore, the correct answer is indefinite, indefinite.