Earth Science- Weathering Quiz Part- II

Explanation
The Fujita scale is a classification system used to measure the intensity of tornadoes based on the damage they cause. It categorizes tornadoes into six different levels, ranging from F0 (weakest) to F5 (strongest). This scale helps meteorologists and emergency management officials to assess the severity of a tornado and provide appropriate warnings and response measures.

Explanation
Advection, freezing, and radiation are all types of weather phenomena that are associated with the formation and presence of fog. Advection refers to the horizontal movement of air, which can transport moisture and contribute to the formation of fog. Freezing occurs when the temperature drops below freezing point, causing the moisture in the air to condense and form fog. Radiation fog is formed when the ground cools down at night, causing the air near the ground to cool and condense into fog. Therefore, the correct answer is fog.

Explanation
The "Northern Lights" are a natural phenomenon that occur in the polar regions, particularly in the northern hemisphere. They are caused by the interaction of charged particles from the sun with the Earth's magnetic field. These particles collide with atoms and molecules in the atmosphere, creating beautiful displays of light in the sky. The term "Aurora Borealis" is commonly used to refer to the Northern Lights, making it the correct answer. The Big Dipper, El Nino, and Chinooks are unrelated to this phenomenon.

Explanation
The Bergeron process refers to a mechanism of precipitation formation in which ice crystals grow at the expense of supercooled water droplets in a mixed cloud. This process occurs in cold clouds where the temperature is below freezing at high altitudes. As the ice crystals grow, they eventually become large enough to fall to the ground as ice precipitation, such as snow or ice pellets. Therefore, the correct answer is ice.

Explanation
An isothermic line refers to a line on a map or chart that connects points with the same temperature. In the context of air temperature, a line of equal or constant air temperature would be an isothermic line. This means that all points along the line would have the same temperature. It is a useful tool for visualizing temperature patterns and understanding the distribution of temperature in a specific area.

Explanation
A katabatic wind is a type of wind that occurs when cold, dense air flows downhill due to gravity. It is commonly associated with mountainous regions, where the air cools as it moves up the slopes and then descends rapidly, creating a strong and gusty wind. Therefore, a mountain breeze can be classified as a katabatic wind.

Explanation
The abyssal plain is a flat, sediment-covered region of the ocean floor that lies between the continental rise and the mid-ocean ridge. It is characterized by its great depth and lack of significant geological features. Therefore, it is logical to find the abyssal plain in the sea floor, as it is a specific area within the ocean that meets the criteria mentioned.

Explanation
Kansas is the correct answer because it is known for experiencing severe weather conditions, including hailstorms. The size of the hailstone mentioned in the question, 17.5 inches, is unusually large and is consistent with the extreme weather events that can occur in Kansas. Michigan, Alaska, and Colorado are not typically associated with hailstones of this size, making Kansas the most likely state for this record-breaking hailstone.

Explanation
Texas is the correct answer because it is known for experiencing tornadoes with high wind speeds. The question mentions a tornado with a speed of 286 mph, which is an extreme wind speed associated with tornadoes. While tornadoes can occur in other states as well, Texas is particularly prone to tornado activity due to its size, geographical location, and weather patterns. Therefore, it is likely that a tornado with such a high speed would occur in Texas rather than the other listed states.

Explanation
Yuma, Arizona is the correct answer because it is a city located in the southwestern part of the state, near the border with California. Due to its geographical location and weather patterns, Yuma experiences a higher number of sunny days compared to other cities in Arizona. However, even in Yuma, the sun is blocked 10% of the time, indicating that there are some cloudy or overcast days throughout the year.

Explanation
Savannah is the correct answer because it is a city in Georgia and on July 4, 1816, it only hit 46 degrees.