Cartilage Types And Functions Quiz

The given statement is true. Mesenchymal cells can differentiate into chondroblasts, which are responsible for producing the extracellular matrix of cartilage. Chondroblasts then mature into chondrocytes, which maintain the cartilage tissue. This process is essential for the development and maintenance of cartilage in the body.

Fresh elastic cartilage has a yellow color due to the presence of elastin, a protein that provides elasticity to the tissue. Elastin is a key component of elastic cartilage, which is found in certain parts of the body such as the external ear and the epiglottis. The yellow color of elastic cartilage is a result of the unique composition and arrangement of elastin fibers within the tissue.

Cartilage growth can occur through two processes: interstitial growth and appositional growth. Interstitial growth refers to the growth of cartilage from within, where chondrocytes within the cartilage matrix divide and secrete more matrix, allowing the cartilage to expand from within. Appositional growth, on the other hand, involves the addition of new layers of cartilage on the surface of existing cartilage, resulting in an increase in size. Therefore, the correct answer is interstitial growth and appositional growth.

The correct answer is hyaline, elastic, and fibro. These are the three main types of cartilages found in the human body. Hyaline cartilage is the most common type and can be found in areas such as the nose, trachea, and joints. Elastic cartilage is more flexible and can be found in structures like the outer ear and epiglottis. Fibrocartilage is the toughest type and is found in areas that require more support, such as the intervertebral discs and the knee joint.

Appositional growth is the process by which new cartilage is formed at the surface of existing cartilage. This type of growth occurs during the embryonic period and also allows for the regeneration of mature cartilage. Therefore, the statement that appositional growth is the process that forms new cartilage at the surface of existing cartilage is true.

Interstitial growth is a type of growth that occurs within an existing cartilage. It is particularly active during endochondral ossification, which is the process of bone formation from a cartilage template. During interstitial growth, new cartilage cells are produced within the existing cartilage, leading to its expansion and ultimately the formation of new bone. Therefore, the statement that interstitial growth is very active during endochondral ossification is true.

The articular cartilage receives its nutrition from the blood vessels of the synovial membrane and synovial fluid. These blood vessels supply nutrients and oxygen to the cartilage cells, allowing them to maintain their health and function properly. The synovial fluid also plays a role in providing nutrition to the cartilage by facilitating the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the blood vessels and the cartilage cells.

Articular cartilage lacks perichondrium because it is a specialized type of cartilage that covers the ends of bones in joints. Unlike other types of cartilage, such as hyaline cartilage, articular cartilage does not have a perichondrium, which is a layer of connective tissue that surrounds and supports the cartilage. The absence of perichondrium in articular cartilage allows for smooth movement and reduces friction between bones in the joint.

Fibrocartilage can be found in the intravertebral disks, attachment of certain ligaments, and the pubic symphysis. This type of cartilage is known for its ability to resist pressure and tension, making it ideal for areas that require support and cushioning. The intravertebral disks, which are located between the vertebrae in the spine, contain fibrocartilage to absorb shock and provide flexibility. Fibrocartilage is also found in certain ligament attachments, where it helps to stabilize joints and provide strength. Additionally, the pubic symphysis, which is the joint that connects the two pubic bones in the pelvis, contains fibrocartilage to allow for slight movement during childbirth.

Hyaline cartilage can be found in the respiratory passages, the end of the ribs, and the articular surfaces of the joints.

Elastic cartilage is composed of collagen fibers type 2, elastic fibers, proteoglycans, and glycosaminoglycans. Collagen fibers provide strength and support to the tissue, while elastic fibers allow the cartilage to be flexible and elastic. Proteoglycans and glycosaminoglycans help to maintain the structure and function of the cartilage by binding water molecules, providing hydration and cushioning.

The perichondrium is a layer of connective tissue that surrounds cartilage. It consists of two layers: the outer layer, which is fibrous in nature, and the inner layer, which is chondrogenic. The fibrous outer layer provides strength and protection to the cartilage, while the chondrogenic inner layer contains cells that are responsible for the growth and maintenance of the cartilage tissue.

Elastic cartilage is a type of cartilage found in certain parts of the body, such as the ear and the epiglottis. Unlike other types of cartilage, elastic cartilage contains elastic fibers, which give it its flexibility. During the aging process, the elastic cartilage may undergo changes, such as a decrease in the number of elastic fibers and an increase in collagen fibers. However, it does not typically calcify, or harden, as suggested in the statement. Therefore, the correct answer is false.

Elastic cartilage does have a perichondrium. The perichondrium is a layer of connective tissue that surrounds cartilage, providing it with nutrients and oxygen. It also helps in the growth and repair of cartilage.

The correct answer is mesenchymal cells, mitotic proliferation & early differentiation of mesenchymal cells, chondroblasts & ECM, multiplication of cartilage cells give rise to isogenous groups. This answer accurately describes the process of chondrogenesis, which involves the proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal cells into chondroblasts, the production of extracellular matrix (ECM), and the multiplication of cartilage cells to form isogenous groups.

The inner chondrogenic layer is composed of chondroblasts. Chondroblasts are specialized cells that are responsible for producing and maintaining the extracellular matrix of cartilage. They secrete collagen and proteoglycans, which provide structural support and flexibility to the cartilage tissue. Chondroblasts eventually mature into chondrocytes, which are the main cell type found in mature cartilage. However, in the inner chondrogenic layer, the cells are actively producing and secreting the extracellular matrix, hence they are referred to as chondroblasts.

Elastic cartilage can be found in various parts of the body including the auricle of the ear, the walls of the external auditory canals, the epiglottis, and the larynx. Elastic cartilage is a type of connective tissue that contains elastic fibers, which give it flexibility and the ability to recoil after being stretched. These specific locations where elastic cartilage is found require flexibility and the ability to maintain shape, such as in the ear to help with sound reception and in the larynx to aid in voice production.