Philippine Politics And Governance Summative Test

Explanation
The correct answer is Politics. Politics refers to the activities and actions involved in the governance of a country or an area. It encompasses the processes by which decisions are made and implemented, as well as the relationships and power dynamics among individuals and groups within a political system. Politics involves the formulation and implementation of policies, the negotiation and competition for power, and the expression and representation of different interests and perspectives.

Explanation
Political Science is the correct answer because it is the branch of knowledge that specifically deals with systems of government and the analysis of political activity and behavior. It focuses on studying political institutions, processes, and theories to understand how governments function and how individuals and groups engage in political behavior. While the other options may be related to politics and government, Political Science is the most specific and accurate answer in this context.

Explanation
The correct answer is "set of complex activity connected with governance." Politics refers to the activities, actions, and policies used to gain and hold power in a government or to influence the government. It involves decision-making, negotiation, and the implementation of policies and laws. Politics is not just a branch of knowledge or a set of interests, but rather a dynamic and multifaceted process that encompasses various activities and interactions related to governing a society.

Explanation
Power is the central concern of political institutions because it refers to the ability to influence and control others. Political institutions are established to distribute and exercise power in society. They create laws, enforce them, and govern the actions of individuals and groups. Power allows political institutions to make decisions, allocate resources, and maintain order. It is through power that political institutions can shape policies, implement reforms, and address societal issues. Therefore, power is essential in the functioning and effectiveness of political institutions.

Explanation
Niccolo Machiavelli is considered the father of Modern Politics because of his influential book "The Prince." In this book, Machiavelli discusses political power and the strategies rulers should employ to maintain and expand their authority. He emphasizes the importance of practicality and realism in politics, advocating for rulers to prioritize their own interests and use any means necessary to achieve their goals. Machiavelli's ideas challenged traditional notions of morality and ethics in politics, making him a key figure in the development of modern political thought.

Explanation
Aristotle is considered the father of Political Science because he was one of the first philosophers to systematically study and analyze political systems and governance. His work, "Politics," laid the foundation for the field of Political Science by examining topics such as the nature of the state, different forms of government, and the role of citizens in political life. Aristotle's ideas and theories continue to influence political thought and serve as a basis for understanding political systems today.

Explanation
An ideology is a set of beliefs and values that guide political and economic actions. It provides a framework for individuals or groups to understand and interpret the world, and to propose solutions to societal issues. In this context, the political statements mentioned in the question are likely based on a specific ideology that advocates for collective action and government intervention to improve political and economic conditions.

Explanation
Rene Descartes did not make this statement. He was a philosopher known for his famous quote "I think, therefore I am" and his work in rationalism and skepticism. This quote about a state being better governed with few laws and strict observance is often attributed to Aristotle, who believed in the importance of moderation and balance in governance.

Explanation
The quote "knowledge will give you power but character respect" suggests that while knowledge can give someone power, it is one's character that earns them respect. This implies that having knowledge alone is not enough to gain respect from others; one must also possess good character traits such as integrity, honesty, and empathy. Bruce Lee, known for his martial arts skills and philosophy, is often associated with this quote as he emphasized the importance of developing both physical and mental strength.

Explanation
Aristotle believed that human beings are naturally inclined to live in communities and engage in politics. He argued that politics is an essential part of human nature because it allows individuals to fulfill their potential and achieve a good life. This idea is rooted in Aristotle's belief that humans are social creatures who thrive in collective environments where they can engage in rational discourse and work towards the common good. Therefore, the statement "Man, by nature, is a political animal" aligns with Aristotle's philosophy and his understanding of human nature.

Explanation
Power can be defined as the capacity or ability to influence or control the behavior of others. It involves the ability to make someone do something that they would not do voluntarily or without external influence. Therefore, the given statement that power is the ability to make someone do what they would not do on their own is true.

Explanation
Compulsory power refers to the ability of one actor to exert control over the conditions and actions of another actor. This means that the actor has the authority and ability to enforce their decisions and commands on the other. Therefore, the statement that compulsory power is the direct control of one actor over another is true.

Explanation
Institutional power refers to the power that is derived from an individual's or organization's position within a particular institution or system. It focuses on the hierarchical structure and the roles of different actors within that institution. Therefore, the given statement is false as it incorrectly defines institutional power as looking at the position and roles of various actors in relation to each other, when in fact it is about their positions within an institution.

Explanation
Structural power refers to the ability of an actor to influence others through indirect means. This can include shaping the rules, norms, and institutions that govern social interactions. By doing so, the actor can exert power over others without necessarily using direct force or coercion. Therefore, the statement "Structural power is the indirect ways in which an actor affects another" is true.

Explanation
Productive Power and structural power both focus on the relative position of actors. Productive power refers to the ability of an actor to influence outcomes by controlling resources and production processes. Similarly, structural power examines how actors' positions within social structures can shape their power and influence. Therefore, it is accurate to say that Productive Power is similar to structural power in terms of considering the relative positions of actors.

Explanation
The statement suggests that the consequences of power vary based on factors such as the ways power is exerted, the degree of power, and the goals associated with power in society. This implies that the impact and outcomes of power can differ depending on these variables. Therefore, the statement is true.

Explanation
The statement is true because there are indeed different forms of power, ranging from authoritative power, which is based on the ability to give orders and make decisions, to economic power, which is based on control over resources and wealth. These different forms of power can be seen in various aspects of society, such as government, business, and social dynamics.