3 Phases Of Matter Quiz

A liquid is a state of matter that does not have a rigid or fixed shape, meaning it can take the shape of its container. However, it does have a fixed volume, meaning it maintains a constant amount of space. This characteristic distinguishes it from gases, which do not have a fixed volume, and solids, which have both a fixed shape and volume.

Melting is the correct answer because it refers to the process in which a solid substance changes into a liquid state. During melting, the particles in the solid gain enough energy to overcome their attractive forces and start moving more freely, resulting in a change of state from solid to liquid. This process typically occurs when heat is applied to the solid substance.

A solid is a state of matter that is rigid, meaning it maintains its shape and volume. Unlike liquids and gases, solids do not flow or take the shape of their container. Therefore, the given description of a substance having a fixed shape and volume aligns with the characteristics of a solid.

Gas is the state of matter that has a collection of widely separated molecules. In a gas, the molecules are not tightly packed together like in a solid or liquid. Instead, they are spread out and have a lot of space between them. This allows the gas to easily fill the container it is in and to flow and expand to fill any available space. The molecules in a gas also have a lot of kinetic energy, causing them to move rapidly and randomly.

Vaporization is the correct answer because it refers to the process when a liquid changes into a gas. This process occurs when the temperature of the liquid reaches its boiling point, causing the molecules to gain enough energy to break free from their liquid state and become a gas. Vaporization is commonly observed when water boils and turns into steam.

Sublimation is the process in which a solid directly changes into a gas without going through the liquid phase. This occurs when the temperature and pressure conditions are such that the solid particles have enough energy to overcome the intermolecular forces and transition directly into the gas phase. Examples of substances that undergo sublimation include dry ice (solid carbon dioxide) and mothballs (solid naphthalene).

Gas is the correct answer because it is a state of matter that does not have a fixed shape or volume. Unlike solids and liquids, gases are able to freely move and expand to fill the space available to them. Gas particles are in constant motion and have a high amount of energy, which allows them to move independently of each other. This lack of fixed shape and volume is characteristic of gases.

Solids are able to adopt a highly ordered packing arrangement and have a crystalline structure. In a solid, the particles are closely packed together in a regular pattern, forming a three-dimensional lattice. This arrangement allows the solid to have a fixed shape and volume. In contrast, liquids and gases do not have a highly ordered packing arrangement and their particles are more randomly distributed, resulting in a lack of a definite shape and volume. Therefore, the correct answer is solid.

Gas particles have the most energy compared to particles in solid or liquid states. In a gas, the particles have high kinetic energy and move freely in all directions. They have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces between them, allowing them to move independently and rapidly. In contrast, particles in solids have the least energy as they are tightly packed and vibrate in fixed positions, while particles in liquids have more energy than solids but less than gases as they can move and flow but still have some intermolecular attractions.

Among the three states of matter, gases have the least density. This is because the molecules in a gas are much farther apart compared to those in liquids and solids, resulting in a lower mass per unit volume. Solids generally have the highest density, followed by liquids, and gases have the least density.