Vital Functions Of Human Body Quiz

The five stages of grief are Denial, Anger, Depression, Acceptance, and Bargaining. These stages were first proposed by psychiatrist Elisabeth Kübler-Ross in her book "On Death and Dying." Denial is the initial stage where individuals refuse to accept the reality of the loss. Anger follows as they express frustration and resentment. Depression is characterized by feelings of sadness and hopelessness. Acceptance is the stage where individuals come to terms with the loss and begin to move forward. Bargaining is the final stage, where individuals may try to negotiate or make deals in an attempt to change the outcome.

Loss of muscle tone, slowing of circulation, changes in respiration, and sensory impairment are all signs of impending death. Difficulty swallowing and loss of the gag reflex indicate a loss of muscle tone in the throat, which can be a sign of the body shutting down. Slowing of circulation can result in cold skin and a decrease in blood pressure. Changes in respiration, such as noisy breathing, can indicate that the body's respiratory system is failing. Sensory impairment, including impaired taste and smell and blurred vision, can occur as the body's systems begin to shut down. These signs collectively suggest that death is approaching.

A pre-albumin level below 11 is considered low and indicates malnutrition. Pre-albumin is a protein that is produced by the liver and its levels in the blood reflect the body's nutritional status. When the level falls below 11, it suggests that the individual is not receiving enough nutrients, leading to malnutrition. Therefore, the statement "Pre albumin level below 11 shows malnutrition" is true.

As people age, their metabolism tends to slow down, meaning they burn fewer calories at rest. Additionally, older adults often experience a decrease in physical activity levels, which further reduces the number of calories they burn. Therefore, it is true that older adults should have fewer calories to maintain a healthy weight and prevent weight gain.

Babies should have more calories because they have a higher metabolism. This is because babies have a faster metabolic rate compared to adults. Their bodies are growing rapidly, and they require more energy for various physiological processes such as brain development, organ growth, and overall physical growth. Therefore, it is important for babies to consume more calories to support their growth and development.

To have a healthy bowel movement, it is important to have a regular exercise routine. Exercise helps to stimulate the muscles in the intestines, aiding in the movement of waste through the digestive system. Consuming high fiber foods such as vegetables, fruits, and whole grains also promotes healthy bowel movements by adding bulk to the stool and preventing constipation. Maintaining a fluid intake of 2,000 to 3,000 ml/day helps to soften the stool and make it easier to pass. Allowing oneself the time to have a bowel movement at the same time each day can help establish a regular routine. Finally, avoiding over-the-counter medications to treat constipation and diarrhea is important as they can disrupt the natural functioning of the bowels.

The correct answer suggests that for neonates to 1 year, it is important to provide them with 80 to 100 ml of breast milk or formula. Additionally, they should be fed on demand every 2 to 4 hours. Solid foods should be introduced between 4 to 6 months of age. This information highlights the essential aspects of nutrition that should be considered for infants during their first year of life.

The statement is true because it states that the plate consists of 25 each of fruit and vegetables, which adds up to a total of 50 items. Additionally, it mentions that there are 30 grains and 20 proteins, which adds up to a total of 50 items as well. Therefore, the total number of items on the plate is 100, with 50 being fruits and vegetables and 50 being grains and proteins.

Teens should have more vitamin D to prevent osteoporosis because vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium, which is essential for building strong bones. During the teenage years, bones are still growing and developing, so it is important to ensure an adequate intake of vitamin D to support bone health and reduce the risk of developing osteoporosis later in life.

This answer suggests a comprehensive approach to managing diarrhea. Eating foods with sodium and potassium helps to replace electrolytes that may be lost due to diarrhea. Increasing foods containing soluble fiber, such as rice, oatmeal, and skinless fruits and potatoes, can help to bulk up the stool and reduce the frequency of bowel movements. Avoiding alcohol and drinks with caffeine is important as they can irritate the digestive system and worsen diarrhea. Limiting fatty foods is also recommended as they can be harder to digest and may exacerbate diarrhea symptoms.

The correct answer includes a combination of strategies for managing urinary incontinence. Continence (bladder) retraining involves gradually increasing the time between urinating to help train the bladder to hold urine for longer periods. Pelvic floor muscle exercises can help strengthen the muscles that control urination. Maintaining skin integrity is important to prevent irritation or infection from prolonged exposure to urine. Applying external urinary draining devices, such as catheters or absorbent pads, can help manage urine leakage. By combining these strategies, individuals can effectively manage urinary incontinence.

Providing familiar foods can stimulate a person's appetite as they are more likely to be interested in and enjoy foods they are familiar with. Offering small meals can also help stimulate appetite as it can be less overwhelming and more manageable for the person. A tidy environment can create a pleasant and inviting atmosphere, which can enhance the person's desire to eat. Maintaining good oral hygiene before eating can improve taste sensation and make the person more willing to eat. Treating symptoms, such as pain or nausea, before meals can help alleviate discomfort and increase the person's appetite.

The given answer lists the characteristics of constipation, which include decreased frequency of defecation, hard, formed stools, straining at stool, painful defecation, report of rectal fullness or pressure or incomplete bowel evacuation, abdominal pain, cramps, or distention, and anorexia, nausea, headache. These symptoms are commonly associated with constipation and can help in identifying and diagnosing the condition.

A person with dysphagia or difficulty swallowing will have a pureed diet. This type of diet involves food that is blended or mashed into a smooth consistency, making it easier to swallow and reducing the risk of choking. Pureed foods are typically soft and smooth, with a pudding-like texture. This diet is often recommended for individuals with swallowing difficulties to ensure they can safely consume the necessary nutrients while minimizing the risk of aspiration or choking.

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