Genetics and Punnett Squares Quiz (3)

2.

Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be

Homozygous
Dominant
Hybrid
Heterozygous

Correct Answer

A. Homozygous

Explanation

Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be homozygous. This means that both alleles for that trait are the same, either both dominant or both recessive. Homozygous organisms will always express the trait associated with those alleles, whether it is dominant or recessive.

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2

3.

If you cross a red plant with a white plant and the offspring is pink, what is that called?

Incompete dominance
Polygenic inheritance
Codominance
Multiple alleles

Correct Answer

A. Incompete dominance

Explanation

Incomplete dominance is the correct answer because it refers to a genetic situation where neither allele is completely dominant over the other, resulting in a blending or intermediate phenotype in the offspring. In this case, when a red plant is crossed with a white plant and the resulting offspring is pink, it indicates that neither the red nor white allele is fully dominant, leading to incomplete dominance.

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1

4.

A heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short plant. Tall (T) is dominant to short (t) plants. The probability that the offspring plant will be tall is:

75%
25%
50%
100%

Correct Answer

A. 50%

Explanation

When a heterozygous tall pea plant (Tt) is crossed with a short plant (tt), the possible genotypes of the offspring are Tt and tt. Since tall (T) is dominant over short (t), both the Tt and tt genotypes will result in a tall plant phenotype. Therefore, the probability that the offspring plant will be tall is 50%.

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6

5.

Brown (B) is dominant over white (b) in foxes. A homozygous brown fox is crossed with a white fox. The probability that the fox offspring will be white?

0
25
50
100

Correct Answer

A. 0

Explanation

When a brown fox (homozygous for brown, BB) is crossed with a white fox (homozygous for white, bb), all of the offspring will be heterozygous for brown (Bb). Since brown (B) is dominant over white (b), the offspring will all have the brown phenotype. Therefore, the probability of the fox offspring being white is 0.

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3

6.

Which of the following is NOT a component of a DNA nucleotide?

Deoxyribose sugar
Phosphate group
Nitrogenous base
Ribose sugar

Correct Answer

A. Ribose sugar

Explanation

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is composed of building blocks called nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of three main components:
Deoxyribose sugar: A five-carbon sugar that forms the backbone of the DNA molecule.
Phosphate group: A phosphorus atom bonded to four oxygen atoms, which links the sugar molecules together in the DNA strand.
Nitrogenous base: One of four nitrogen-containing bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), or thymine (T). These bases pair up to form the "rungs" of the DNA ladder.
Ribose sugar is found in RNA (ribonucleic acid), not DNA. The difference between the two sugars is the presence of an extra oxygen atom in ribose.

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0

7.

Blood is determined by individual combinations of the following gene varieties.I^A,I^B,and i . When I^{A and}I^B exist together, they make blood type AB (which has 2 dominant genes). This shows us that blood type is an example of.

Polygenic Traits
Multiple Alleles
Incomplete Dominance
Co-Dominance

Correct Answer

A. Co-Dominance

Explanation

When IA and IB exist together, they make blood type AB, which means that both alleles are expressed equally and neither is dominant over the other. This is an example of co-dominance, where both alleles contribute to the phenotype. In co-dominance, the traits of both alleles are visible in the phenotype, unlike incomplete dominance where one allele is partially dominant over the other.

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2

8.

This pedigree shows the inheritance of a trait thorugh generations. The trait described here is known as:

Polygenic traits
Multiple alleles
Incomplete domninance
Codominance

Correct Answer

A. Multiple alleles

Explanation

This pedigree shows the inheritance of a trait through generations, indicating that there are multiple alleles involved in the expression of the trait. Multiple alleles refer to the presence of more than two alternative forms of a gene at a specific locus. In this case, the trait being described is influenced by multiple alleles, which can result in a range of phenotypic variations.

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0

9.

Which of the following means having more than 2 versions of alleles for genes?

Polygenic inheritence
Multiple alleles
Incomplete dominance
Codominance

Correct Answer

A. Codominance

Explanation

Codominance refers to a genetic scenario where both alleles in a gene pair are fully expressed, resulting in a phenotype that shows characteristics of both alleles. This means that there are more than two versions of alleles for the genes involved. In codominance, neither allele is dominant or recessive, and both are expressed equally. This is in contrast to multiple alleles, which refers to a gene that has more than two alleles in a population, but only two of those alleles can be present in an individual. Therefore, codominance is the correct answer for having more than 2 versions of alleles for genes.

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1

10.

In cats, yellow fur is dominant over white fur. A heterozygous cat is mated with a white cat. The genotypes of offspring that could occur are:

YY and Yy
Yy
Yy and yy
YY, Yy, and yy

Correct Answer(s)

A. YY and Yy
A. Yy and yy

Explanation

When a heterozygous cat (Yy) is mated with a white cat (yy), the possible genotypes of the offspring are YY, Yy, and yy. This is because yellow fur (Y) is dominant over white fur (y), so even if one parent is heterozygous (Yy), there is a chance for the offspring to inherit the yellow fur allele (Y) and have the genotype YY. Additionally, there is a possibility for the offspring to inherit one yellow fur allele (Y) and one white fur allele (y), resulting in the genotype Yy. Finally, there is also a chance for the offspring to inherit two white fur alleles (yy), resulting in the genotype yy.

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8

Genetics And Punnett Squares Quiz (3)

What plants have Homozygous genotypes?

Quiz Preview

Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be

If you cross a red plant with a white plant and the offspring is pink, what is that called?

A heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short plant. Tall (T) is dominant to short (t) plants. The probability that the offspring plant will be tall is:

Brown (B) is dominant over white (b) in foxes. A homozygous brown fox is crossed with a white fox. The probability that the fox offspring will be white?

Which of the following is NOT a component of a DNA nucleotide?

Blood is determined by individual combinations of the following gene varieties.I^A,I^B,and i . When I^{A and}I^B exist together, they make blood type AB (which has 2 dominant genes). This shows us that blood type is an example of.

This pedigree shows the inheritance of a trait thorugh generations. The trait described here is known as:

Which of the following means having more than 2 versions of alleles for genes?

In cats, yellow fur is dominant over white fur. A heterozygous cat is mated with a white cat. The genotypes of offspring that could occur are:

Genetics And Punnett Squares Quiz (3)

What plants have Homozygous genotypes?

Quiz Preview

Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be

If you cross a red plant with a white plant and the offspring is pink, what is that called?

A heterozygous tall pea plant is crossed with a short plant. Tall (T) is dominant to short (t) plants. The probability that the offspring plant will be tall is:

Brown (B) is dominant over white (b) in foxes. A homozygous brown fox is crossed with a white fox. The probability that the fox offspring will be white?

Which of the following is NOT a component of a DNA nucleotide?

Blood is determined by individual combinations of the following gene varieties.IA,IB,and i . When IA and IB exist together, they make blood type AB (which has 2 dominant genes). This shows us that blood type is an example of.

This pedigree shows the inheritance of a trait thorugh generations. The trait described here is known as:

Which of the following means having more than 2 versions of alleles for genes?

In cats, yellow fur is dominant over white fur. A heterozygous cat is mated with a white cat. The genotypes of offspring that could occur are:

Blood is determined by individual combinations of the following gene varieties.I^A,I^B,and i . When I^{A and}I^B exist together, they make blood type AB (which has 2 dominant genes). This shows us that blood type is an example of.