Plant And Animal Interactions

1. Which of the following best describes the function of the vascular tissues in plants?

Produces sugar in the presence of sunlight.

Controls when trees lose their leaves

Helps transport substances throughout the plant.

Converts the atmospheric carbon dioxide into oxygen.

The vascular tissues in plants, which include xylem and phloem, are responsible for transporting substances such as water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant. Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves, while phloem transports sugars produced in the leaves to other parts of the plant. This transportation system is essential for the overall functioning and survival of the plant.

Explanation

The vascular tissues in plants, which include xylem and phloem, are responsible for transporting substances such as water, nutrients, and sugars throughout the plant. Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves, while phloem transports sugars produced in the leaves to other parts of the plant. This transportation system is essential for the overall functioning and survival of the plant.

2. Mammals have two body systems which work together to move oxygen to all parts of the body. Which of the following body systems supply the body with oxygen?

Circulatory and endocrine systems

Circulatory and respiratory systems

Respiratory and lymphatic systems

Respiratory and integumentary systems

The circulatory system is responsible for transporting oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to all parts of the body, while the respiratory system is responsible for taking in oxygen from the environment and exchanging it with carbon dioxide in the lungs. These two systems work together to ensure that oxygen is supplied to all parts of the body. The endocrine system is responsible for producing and regulating hormones, while the lymphatic system is responsible for maintaining fluid balance and immune function. The integumentary system is responsible for protecting the body and regulating temperature. Therefore, the correct answer is circulatory and respiratory systems.

Explanation

The circulatory system is responsible for transporting oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to all parts of the body, while the respiratory system is responsible for taking in oxygen from the environment and exchanging it with carbon dioxide in the lungs. These two systems work together to ensure that oxygen is supplied to all parts of the body. The endocrine system is responsible for producing and regulating hormones, while the lymphatic system is responsible for maintaining fluid balance and immune function. The integumentary system is responsible for protecting the body and regulating temperature. Therefore, the correct answer is circulatory and respiratory systems.

3. Xylem is the plant structure that provides which of the following functions?

Automatic response to changes in its environment

Transport of sugar from the leaves to the roots

Production of gametes necessary for reproduction

Transport of water and minerals from roots to the stem

Xylem is a plant structure responsible for the transport of water and minerals from the roots to the stem. It is composed of specialized cells that form tubes, allowing for the upward movement of water and nutrients through the plant. This function is essential for the overall growth and survival of the plant as it ensures that water and minerals are distributed to all parts of the plant, including the leaves, where they are needed for photosynthesis and other metabolic processes.

Explanation

Xylem is a plant structure responsible for the transport of water and minerals from the roots to the stem. It is composed of specialized cells that form tubes, allowing for the upward movement of water and nutrients through the plant. This function is essential for the overall growth and survival of the plant as it ensures that water and minerals are distributed to all parts of the plant, including the leaves, where they are needed for photosynthesis and other metabolic processes.

4. Stomata open and close in response to -

Water being pumped in and out of guard cells.

Crystal formation in the plant due to excess glucose

The lack of available sunlight during the night.

Stimulation by auxins producing rapid growth.

Stomata are small openings on the surface of leaves that allow for gas exchange, including the intake of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and the release of oxygen and water vapor. These openings are surrounded by specialized cells called guard cells. When water is pumped into the guard cells, they swell and cause the stomata to open, allowing for gas exchange. Conversely, when water is pumped out of the guard cells, they shrink and cause the stomata to close, preventing excessive water loss through transpiration. Therefore, the opening and closing of stomata in response to water being pumped in and out of guard cells is a crucial mechanism for regulating water balance and gas exchange in plants.

Explanation

Stomata are small openings on the surface of leaves that allow for gas exchange, including the intake of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis and the release of oxygen and water vapor. These openings are surrounded by specialized cells called guard cells. When water is pumped into the guard cells, they swell and cause the stomata to open, allowing for gas exchange. Conversely, when water is pumped out of the guard cells, they shrink and cause the stomata to close, preventing excessive water loss through transpiration. Therefore, the opening and closing of stomata in response to water being pumped in and out of guard cells is a crucial mechanism for regulating water balance and gas exchange in plants.

5. Hormones released during puberty lead to increased height in humans. What two systems interact to cause this increase in height?

Circulatory and reproductive

Digestive and muscular

Endocrine and skeletal

Integumentary and nervous

During puberty, the endocrine system releases hormones that play a crucial role in the growth and development of the skeletal system. These hormones, such as growth hormone and estrogen/testosterone, stimulate the growth plates in the long bones, leading to an increase in height. The endocrine system controls the release of these hormones, while the skeletal system responds to their signals by growing and elongating the bones. Therefore, the interaction between the endocrine system and the skeletal system is responsible for the increase in height during puberty.

Explanation

During puberty, the endocrine system releases hormones that play a crucial role in the growth and development of the skeletal system. These hormones, such as growth hormone and estrogen/testosterone, stimulate the growth plates in the long bones, leading to an increase in height. The endocrine system controls the release of these hormones, while the skeletal system responds to their signals by growing and elongating the bones. Therefore, the interaction between the endocrine system and the skeletal system is responsible for the increase in height during puberty.

6. The immune system produces cells (macrophages) that can fight disease, but these could not be transported around the body of an animal without interacting directly with the -

Integumentary system

Nervous system

Respiratory system

Circulatory system

The immune system produces cells called macrophages that are responsible for fighting diseases. In order for these cells to be transported throughout the body and reach the site of infection, they need to interact with the circulatory system. The circulatory system, which includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood, is responsible for delivering oxygen, nutrients, and immune cells to different parts of the body. Therefore, the circulatory system is essential for the transportation of macrophages and their ability to fight disease effectively.

Explanation

The immune system produces cells called macrophages that are responsible for fighting diseases. In order for these cells to be transported throughout the body and reach the site of infection, they need to interact with the circulatory system. The circulatory system, which includes the heart, blood vessels, and blood, is responsible for delivering oxygen, nutrients, and immune cells to different parts of the body. Therefore, the circulatory system is essential for the transportation of macrophages and their ability to fight disease effectively.

7. During transpiration, water moves through a plant and moves out into the atmosphere through the leaves. Transpiration is the result of the interaction of which two parts of a plant?

Anthers and Roots

Stomata and Vascular tissue

Stomata and Stamen

Root and Vascular tissue

During transpiration, water moves through a plant and moves out into the atmosphere through the leaves. Stomata are tiny openings on the surface of leaves that allow water vapor to escape, and vascular tissue, specifically the xylem, transports water from the roots to the leaves. Therefore, the correct answer is Stomata and Vascular tissue.

Explanation

During transpiration, water moves through a plant and moves out into the atmosphere through the leaves. Stomata are tiny openings on the surface of leaves that allow water vapor to escape, and vascular tissue, specifically the xylem, transports water from the roots to the leaves. Therefore, the correct answer is Stomata and Vascular tissue.

8. Which of the following mammalian body systems work together to regulate internal body temperature?

Circulatory and integumentary

Endocrine and lymphatic

Excretory and immune

Muscular and skeletal

The circulatory and integumentary systems work together to regulate internal body temperature. The circulatory system helps regulate temperature by transporting heat throughout the body, while the integumentary system, which includes the skin, helps to regulate temperature by controlling heat loss through sweating and blood vessel dilation or constriction. These two systems work in tandem to maintain a stable internal body temperature.

Explanation

The circulatory and integumentary systems work together to regulate internal body temperature. The circulatory system helps regulate temperature by transporting heat throughout the body, while the integumentary system, which includes the skin, helps to regulate temperature by controlling heat loss through sweating and blood vessel dilation or constriction. These two systems work in tandem to maintain a stable internal body temperature.