Quiz On Medical Phlebotomy Test

Direct pressure is the best method to stop bleeding from a needle stick. Applying direct pressure to the wound helps to control the bleeding by compressing the blood vessels and promoting clotting. This can be done by using a clean cloth or gauze and applying firm pressure directly on the site of the bleeding. Indirect pressure, tourniquets, and longitudinal pressure are not recommended as they may not effectively control the bleeding or may cause additional harm.

The winged-infusion set is commonly referred to as a butterfly needle. This term is used to describe the shape of the device, which resembles a butterfly with wings. The butterfly needle is specifically designed for venipuncture procedures, allowing for easy insertion into the vein and reducing the risk of complications. It is often used for patients with small or fragile veins, as the wings provide stability during the procedure.

Prothrombin time (PT) is a laboratory test used to assess the clotting ability of blood. It measures the time taken for blood to clot after the addition of specific substances. This test is commonly used to monitor the effectiveness of anticoagulant medications. The other options, partial thromboplastin, patient temperature, and prenatal therapy, are not relevant abbreviations for the given context.

If a test is ordered STAT, it means that it needs to be done immediately, indicating that the patient's condition is urgent and potentially life-threatening. Therefore, the correct answer is critical condition.

The best place to apply the tourniquet is 3 to 4 inches above the venipuncture site. Placing the tourniquet at this location helps to occlude the veins and make them more visible and accessible for the venipuncture procedure. By applying the tourniquet above the venipuncture site, it creates a temporary blockage of blood flow, causing the veins to become engorged and easier to locate. Placing the tourniquet too close to the venipuncture site may result in inadequate venous filling, making it difficult to draw blood.

The slant at the end of a needle used for venipuncture is called the bevel. The bevel is the angled or tapered portion of the needle tip that allows for easier insertion into the vein. It helps to minimize trauma to the surrounding tissues and improves the success rate of the venipuncture procedure. The bevel also allows for a smoother flow of blood into the needle and prevents the needle from clogging.

The correct answer includes abbreviations that are commonly used for lab tests. ABGs stands for Arterial Blood Gases, ASO stands for Antistreptolysin O, LDL stands for Low-Density Lipoprotein, and TIBC stands for Total Iron-Binding Capacity. These abbreviations are used in medical settings to refer to specific lab tests and measurements.

A light blue tube is typically used for coagulation tests, such as PT and PTT. However, it cannot be used for a complete blood count (CBC) test. A CBC requires an EDTA tube, which is usually purple or lavender in color. The EDTA in the tube helps preserve the blood sample and prevent it from clotting, which is necessary for an accurate CBC test. Therefore, a light blue tube is not suitable for conducting a CBC test.

A CBC (Complete Blood Count) is a common blood test that provides information about the different types and numbers of cells in the blood. The lavender-colored tube, also known as the EDTA tube, is used to collect blood for a CBC. EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) is an anticoagulant that prevents blood from clotting, allowing accurate analysis of the blood cells. The lavender tube is specifically designed for hematology tests like CBC, as it preserves the integrity of the blood sample and ensures reliable results.

The vacutainer tube of choice for a lab test requiring serum is the tiger tube. This is because the tiger tube contains a gel separator that helps to separate the serum from the blood cells during the centrifugation process. The gel forms a barrier between the serum and the cells, allowing for easy collection and analysis of the serum.

The most commonly used needle size for adult venipuncture is 21 gauge. This size provides a good balance between patient comfort and blood flow. A smaller gauge needle, such as 18 gauge, may cause more discomfort for the patient, while a larger gauge needle, such as 10 or 12 gauge, may cause excessive trauma to the vein and increase the risk of complications. Therefore, 21 gauge is the preferred choice for adult venipuncture.

Lavender stopper or closure tubes are most commonly used to collect samples for hematology tests. These tests involve the study of blood cells and blood disorders, such as anemia or leukemia. The lavender stopper tube contains an anticoagulant called ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), which prevents the blood from clotting. This allows for accurate analysis of the blood cells and their characteristics, such as red blood cell count, white blood cell count, and platelet count. The lavender stopper tube is specifically designed for hematology tests and ensures the integrity of the blood sample for accurate results.

The lavender vacutainer tube is routinely used for hematology testing. This is because it contains an anticoagulant called EDTA, which prevents blood from clotting. EDTA is commonly used in hematology tests because it preserves the morphology of blood cells and allows for accurate analysis of various blood parameters such as complete blood count (CBC) and blood cell differentials.

The correct answer is "barrell." The barrel of a syringe is the part that shows measurements in cc or mL. It is a cylindrical tube-like structure where the medication is held and can be accurately measured before administration. The barrel is usually transparent or translucent, allowing the healthcare professional to easily see the volume of the medication inside.

Leaving a tourniquet tied on a patient's arm for longer than the recommended time can result in hematoma formation. A hematoma is a localized collection of blood outside the blood vessels, usually caused by trauma or injury. When a tourniquet is left on for an extended period, it can cause prolonged restriction of blood flow, leading to tissue damage and the accumulation of blood in the surrounding area. This can result in the formation of a hematoma.

The needle size most commonly used on infants or elderly patients is 23 gauge. This gauge is preferred because it is smaller in diameter compared to the other options listed. Infants and elderly patients have delicate veins, and a smaller needle size reduces the risk of causing discomfort or damage during the injection process. Additionally, a smaller gauge needle may be less intimidating for these patients, making the procedure more comfortable for them.

The question asks for the color of the Vacutainer tube that does not contain any anticoagulants. The colors mentioned are lavender, tiger, and green. Lavender tubes are typically used for hematology tests and contain the anticoagulant EDTA. Green tubes are used for tests requiring plasma and contain the anticoagulant heparin. However, "tiger" is not a recognized color for Vacutainer tubes, so it can be inferred that no anticoagulants are found in a tiger-colored tube.

The needle size most commonly used by the blood bank for donations is 16 gauge. This size is preferred because it allows for a relatively fast and efficient blood flow while minimizing discomfort for the donor. A larger gauge needle, such as 10 gauge, may cause more pain and potential damage to the vein, while a smaller gauge needle, such as 35 gauge, may result in a slower blood flow and a longer donation process. Therefore, 16 gauge strikes a balance between these factors and is the most commonly used size in blood donation.

When the vein can be felt but not seen, it is important to look for visual clues on the skin to help locate the vein. Visual clues such as discoloration, a slight bulge, or a visible pathway can indicate the location of the vein. By paying attention to these visual cues, healthcare professionals can increase their chances of successfully locating and accessing the vein for procedures such as drawing blood or inserting a needle.

The hub is the portion of the venipuncture needle that fits into the syringe vacutainer adapter. The hub is the connector between the needle and the adapter, allowing for the collection of blood or other fluids. It is an essential part of the needle assembly, ensuring a secure and proper fit between the needle and the adapter.

A butterfly is preferred over a vacutainer collection when the patient's veins are fragile because the butterfly needle is smaller and gentler, reducing the risk of damage or discomfort. Additionally, a butterfly needle is preferred when the sample must be drawn from the hand veins because it allows for better control and precision in accessing smaller veins.

The correct answer is "patients allergy to antiseptics". When considering what size tubes to use for ETS blood collection, factors such as the age and weight of the patient, the sample size needed for testing, and the size and condition of the veins are all important considerations. However, the patient's allergy to antiseptics is not directly related to the choice of tube size for blood collection.

After a blood spill, a disinfectant is applied to ensure effective cleanup. The disinfectant needs a minimum of 10 minutes of contact time to effectively kill any pathogens present. This duration allows the disinfectant to penetrate the blood and thoroughly sanitize the area, reducing the risk of infection or contamination. A shorter contact time may not provide sufficient exposure to eliminate all potential pathogens, while a longer contact time may not offer any additional benefits and may be impractical for rapid cleanup. Therefore, 10 minutes is the recommended minimum contact time for the disinfectant to be effective.

A phlebotomy needle that does not have a safety feature must be used with a holder that has a safety feature. This is because a safety feature is necessary to prevent accidental needlestick injuries and ensure the safe disposal of the needle. Using a holder with a safety feature allows for easy and secure containment of the needle after venipuncture, reducing the risk of needlestick injuries for healthcare professionals and others who may come into contact with the needle.

The best angle to use for needle insertion during routine venipuncture is between 15 degrees to 30 degrees. This angle allows for successful insertion into the vein while minimizing the risk of puncturing through the vein or causing discomfort to the patient. It provides a balance between ease of insertion and maintaining control over the needle.

PKU tests, which are used to screen for phenylketonuria, a genetic disorder that affects the body's ability to break down an amino acid called phenylalanine, are most commonly performed using skin puncture blood. This method involves pricking the skin to obtain a small sample of blood, usually from the heel of a newborn baby. Skin puncture blood is preferred for PKU tests because it is less invasive and easier to collect, especially in infants. Additionally, it provides an accurate representation of the baby's blood composition, making it a suitable choice for this specific test.

According to Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) regulations, the correct way to dispose of a needle after use is to dispose of the tube holder with the needle attached as a unit. This ensures that the needle is properly contained and reduces the risk of accidental needlestick injuries. Disposing of the entire unit also eliminates the need for additional steps such as ejecting the needle into a sharps container or sanitizing the tube holder.

The correct answer is 30 to 60 minutes. This is the recommended time for a serum separator to sit before spinning in order to allow for proper separation of the serum from the other components of the blood sample. Waiting too little time may result in incomplete separation, while waiting too long may cause the sample to clot or degrade. Therefore, a time range of 30 to 60 minutes is considered optimal for obtaining accurate and reliable results.

The correct answer is using a smooth steady motion forward. When performing needle insertion, it is important to use a smooth and steady motion to minimize discomfort and tissue damage. This technique allows for better control and accuracy during the procedure. It is not recommended to perform a deliberate and rapid forward jab as it can cause unnecessary pain and increase the risk of complications. Additionally, the bevel of the needle should be facing up, not down, to ensure proper insertion and minimize tissue trauma.

The correct answer suggests that the PT test results might be incorrect because no tube was drawn to remove air in the butterfly tubing. When using a butterfly and "short draw" evacuated tubes, it is important to remove any air from the tubing before collecting the sample. If air is present in the tubing, it can affect the accuracy of the test results. In this case, the platelet count is unaffected because it is collected in the lavender tube, which was drawn last and not affected by the air in the tubing.