Phlebotomy State Exam Quiz - 186
This quiz is designed to assist individuals with passing the Phlebotomy State Exam.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Treating ALL lab specimens as if they are hazardous and infectious is the basis for
- A.
Patient quarantine systems
- B.
Quality assurance programs
- C.
Universal precautions
- D.
Hazardous waste controls
Correct Answer
C. Universal precautionsExplanation
Treating ALL lab specimens as if they are hazardous and infectious is the basis for universal precautions. Universal precautions refer to a set of infection control practices that healthcare workers follow to prevent the transmission of diseases. By assuming that all lab specimens are potentially hazardous and infectious, healthcare workers take necessary precautions such as wearing personal protective equipment, practicing proper hand hygiene, and using appropriate containment measures. This approach helps protect both healthcare workers and patients from the risk of infection, regardless of the known status of the specimen.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The smallest veins of the human anatomy are known as_____
- A.
Capillaries
- B.
Arteries
- C.
Venules
- D.
Arterioles
Correct Answer
C. VenulesExplanation
Venules are the smallest veins in the human anatomy. Veins are blood vessels that carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart. Venules are smaller branches that connect the capillaries to the larger veins. Capillaries, on the other hand, are the smallest blood vessels in the body and are responsible for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues. Arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, while arterioles are smaller branches that connect the arteries to the capillaries. Therefore, venules are the correct answer as they are specifically referred to as the smallest veins.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Squeezing the finger too vigorously during the capillary bloood collection can cause erroneous lab results due to
- A.
Skin contamination
- B.
Blood cell concentration
- C.
Clotting at the puncture site
- D.
Dilution with tissue fluid
Correct Answer
D. Dilution with tissue fluidExplanation
Squeezing the finger too vigorously during capillary blood collection can cause erroneous lab results due to dilution with tissue fluid. When excessive pressure is applied, it can cause the release of fluid from the surrounding tissues into the blood sample, leading to inaccurate results. This dilution can affect the concentration of analytes in the blood, potentially leading to false readings. Therefore, it is important to apply gentle pressure during capillary blood collection to avoid dilution with tissue fluid and ensure accurate lab results.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Why does a multi sample needle have a rubber sleeve over the end of the needle that is inserted into the collection tube?
- A.
To make it easier to push tubes on and off
- B.
To decrease the chance of patient needle injury
- C.
To prevent blood from seeping into the adapter
- D.
To keep bacteria from entering the collection tubes
Correct Answer
C. To prevent blood from seeping into the adapterExplanation
The rubber sleeve on the end of the needle is inserted into the collection tube to prevent blood from seeping into the adapter. This is important because if blood were to enter the adapter, it could contaminate the sample and potentially affect the accuracy of test results. The rubber sleeve acts as a barrier, ensuring that only the intended amount of blood is collected and preventing any leakage or seepage.Rate this question:
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- 5.
To draw blood from apatient with an open IV line the selected site should be located _____
- A.
Below the TV
- B.
In the IV tubing
- C.
Above the IV
- D.
In the antecubital fossa
Correct Answer
C. Above the IVExplanation
To draw blood from a patient with an open IV line, the selected site should be located above the IV. This is because drawing blood below the IV could cause contamination of the blood sample with IV fluids, leading to inaccurate test results. Drawing blood in the IV tubing would also be incorrect as it may introduce air bubbles or cause damage to the tubing. The antecubital fossa is a common site for drawing blood, but in this case, it is important to choose a site above the IV to ensure the integrity of the blood sample.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Confirming an outpatients name and _____ provides two important identifiers for blood collection.
- A.
Blood type
- B.
Address
- C.
Date of birth
- D.
Appointment time
Correct Answer
C. Date of birthExplanation
Confirming an outpatients name and date of birth provides two important identifiers for blood collection. These two pieces of information are crucial in ensuring that the blood sample is correctly matched to the patient. The name helps to identify the patient, while the date of birth acts as an additional identifier to further verify their identity. This helps to prevent any mix-ups or errors in the blood collection process, ensuring the safety and accuracy of the procedure.Rate this question:
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- 7.
An evacuated tube system for venipuncture consists of ALL BUT WHICH ONE of these components?
- A.
Vacuum collection tube with color coded stopper
- B.
Special plastic holder known as adapter
- C.
Compartmentalized, hard shell collection tray
- D.
Double sided multi sample needle with slanted bore
Correct Answer
C. Compartmentalized, hard shell collection trayExplanation
The evacuated tube system for venipuncture consists of a vacuum collection tube with a color-coded stopper, a special plastic holder known as an adapter, and a double-sided multi-sample needle with a slanted bore. The compartmentalized, hard shell collection tray is not a component of the evacuated tube system for venipuncture.Rate this question:
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- 8.
A complete blood count (CBC) is collected in an evacuated tube with what color stopper?
- A.
Blue
- B.
Lavender
- C.
Red
- D.
Black
- E.
RAINBOWZ
Correct Answer
B. LavenderExplanation
A complete blood count (CBC) is collected in an evacuated tube with a lavender stopper. The color of the stopper is important because it indicates the type of additive present in the tube. Lavender stoppers are used for collecting blood samples for CBC because they contain an anticoagulant called EDTA, which prevents the blood from clotting. This allows for accurate measurement of different components of the blood, such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of these needle has the smallest bore or diameter?
- A.
15 gauge
- B.
23 Gauge
- C.
20 Gauge
- D.
22 Gauge
Correct Answer
B. 23 GaugeExplanation
The needle with the smallest bore or diameter is the one with the highest gauge number. In this case, the 23 Gauge needle has the smallest bore compared to the other options provided.Rate this question:
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- 10.
When using two glass slides to make a blood smear, the reccomended angle of contact between them is approximately ______ degrees
- A.
3
- B.
10
- C.
30
- D.
90
Correct Answer
C. 30Explanation
When making a blood smear using two glass slides, it is recommended to have an angle of contact of approximately 30 degrees. This angle allows for an even and thin distribution of the blood sample on the slide, making it easier to observe under a microscope. A steeper angle may result in a thicker smear, while a shallower angle may lead to an uneven distribution of the blood cells. Therefore, a 30-degree angle is ideal for creating a well-prepared blood smear.Rate this question:
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- 11.
When performing a routine skin puncture, the site should be alcohol cleaned and _____
- A.
Rinsed with soap and water
- B.
Followed by iodine cleaning
- C.
Allowed to air dry on its own
- D.
Blown dry to expedite things
Correct Answer
C. Allowed to air dry on its ownExplanation
When performing a routine skin puncture, the site should be alcohol cleaned to disinfect the area and prevent infection. After cleaning with alcohol, it is best to allow the site to air dry on its own. This is because blowing dry or using other methods to expedite drying may introduce contaminants or cause irritation to the skin. Allowing the site to air dry ensures that it dries naturally and minimizes the risk of introducing any additional bacteria or substances to the puncture site.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The body system the filters blood to eliminate waste, helps maintain blood PH and regulates water balance is the _______ system.
- A.
Respiratory
- B.
Urinary
- C.
Nervous
- D.
Cardiovasular
Correct Answer
B. UrinaryExplanation
The urinary system is responsible for filtering blood to eliminate waste, maintaining blood pH, and regulating water balance. It consists of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The kidneys filter waste products and excess water from the blood to form urine, which is then excreted from the body. They also help regulate the balance of electrolytes and maintain the pH of the blood. Therefore, the urinary system is the correct answer for the given question.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The most important step in the performance of a venipuncture is
- A.
Selecting needle size
- B.
Collecting enough sample
- C.
Identifying the patient
- D.
Positioning the patient
Correct Answer
C. Identifying the patientExplanation
Identifying the patient is the most important step in the performance of a venipuncture because it ensures that the right patient is receiving the procedure. This is crucial for patient safety and to prevent any errors or mix-ups in the collection and handling of samples. By confirming the patient's identity, healthcare professionals can accurately match the samples to the correct patient, minimizing the risk of misdiagnosis or inappropriate treatment.Rate this question:
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- 14.
OSHA requires training and educational info be given to phlebotomists on ALL BUT WHICH ONE of the following topics?
- A.
Blood borne pathogens
- B.
Preventing identification errors
- C.
Needle and safety handling
- D.
Glass and sharps disposal
Correct Answer
B. Preventing identification errorsExplanation
The correct answer is preventing identification errors. OSHA requires training and educational information to be given to phlebotomists on topics such as blood borne pathogens, needle and safety handling, and glass and sharps disposal. However, preventing identification errors is not specifically mentioned as a topic that OSHA requires training on for phlebotomists.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of these elements in blood is bound by EDTA in a collection tube to prevent clotting?
- A.
Potassium
- B.
Magnesium
- C.
Calcium
- D.
Sodium
Correct Answer
C. CalciumExplanation
EDTA (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid) is a chelating agent commonly used in blood collection tubes to prevent clotting. It works by binding to calcium ions in the blood, which are essential for the coagulation cascade. By removing calcium, EDTA inhibits the activation of clotting factors and prevents the formation of blood clots. Therefore, the correct answer is calcium.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The hands of the phlebotomist should be washed _________
- A.
Before inspection collection
- B.
After specimen collection
- C.
Even though gloves are used
- D.
All answers are correct
Correct Answer
D. All answers are correctExplanation
The correct answer is "all answers are correct" because it is important for the phlebotomist to wash their hands before inspection collection to ensure cleanliness and prevent contamination. They should also wash their hands after specimen collection to maintain hygiene and prevent the spread of any potential infections. Even though gloves are used, hand washing is still necessary as gloves may not provide complete protection. Therefore, all the given options are correct in emphasizing the importance of hand washing for a phlebotomist.Rate this question:
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- 17.
If a glass tube breaks during centrifugation, what sequence of actions would be best?
- A.
Evacuate the room open the lid and remove the glass with forceps
- B.
Open the lid stop the centrifuge and remove the glass wearing gloves
- C.
Stop the centrifuge open the lid and use forceps to remove any glass
- D.
Leave the room and dance around
Correct Answer
C. Stop the centrifuge open the lid and use forceps to remove any glassExplanation
In the event of a glass tube breaking during centrifugation, the best sequence of actions would be to stop the centrifuge first to prevent any further damage or injury. Then, open the lid carefully to access the broken glass. Using forceps to remove any glass shards is recommended to avoid direct contact and potential injuries. This approach prioritizes safety by minimizing the risk of injury and effectively removing the broken glass from the centrifuge.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Whic of these is a common component of disinfectant solutions used for colection of blood cultures?
- A.
Chlorhexidine
- B.
Methanol
- C.
Glutaraldehyde
- D.
Lidocaine
Correct Answer
A. ChlorhexidineExplanation
Chlorhexidine is a common component of disinfectant solutions used for the collection of blood cultures. It is a broad-spectrum antiseptic that is effective against a wide range of microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Chlorhexidine is commonly used in healthcare settings for its strong antimicrobial properties and ability to reduce the risk of infection. It is often used as a pre-procedure skin disinfectant before blood collection to minimize the risk of contamination and ensure accurate test results. Methanol, glutaraldehyde, and lidocaine are not typically used as components in disinfectant solutions for blood culture collection.Rate this question:
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- 19.
If the information of the patients id breacelet is NOT identical to the information on the phlebotomy test requisition and labels for that patient, the phlebotomist should _____
- A.
Telephone the physician for help in identifying the patient
- B.
Refrain from drawing the sample until ID is resolved
- C.
Change the ID band information to match the requisition
- D.
Ignore the id bracelet and proceed
Correct Answer
B. Refrain from drawing the sample until ID is resolvedExplanation
If the information on the patient's ID bracelet is not identical to the information on the phlebotomy test requisition and labels, it is important for the phlebotomist to refrain from drawing the sample until the ID is resolved. This is because it is crucial to ensure that the correct patient is identified before any medical procedures are performed. Drawing a sample without resolving the ID discrepancy could lead to potential errors and risks for the patient. Therefore, it is necessary to address the issue and resolve the ID before proceeding with any further steps.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Before performing a venipuncture, why will a phlebotomist tie a tourniquet?
- A.
To insure thrombosis occurs
- B.
To elevate the blood pressure
- C.
To help locate the veins in the antecubital
- D.
To dull the pain at the puncture site
Correct Answer
C. To help locate the veins in the antecubitalExplanation
A phlebotomist will tie a tourniquet before performing a venipuncture to help locate the veins in the antecubital. By applying pressure to the area, the veins become more visible and easier to access, ensuring a successful blood draw. This technique allows the phlebotomist to accurately locate the veins and minimize the risk of puncturing other structures.Rate this question:
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- 21.
When a 5 millimeter evacuated tube appears to extract blood with too much force from a weak wein (causing the vein to collapse) the phlebotomist might have better results using a ______
- A.
Larger colllection tube
- B.
Tighter tourniquet
- C.
Pediatric sized tube
- D.
Larger bore (diameter) needle
Correct Answer
C. Pediatric sized tubeExplanation
When a 5 millimeter evacuated tube appears to extract blood with too much force from a weak vein (causing the vein to collapse), using a pediatric sized tube might yield better results. A pediatric sized tube has a smaller diameter compared to a regular tube, which means it exerts less suction force on the vein. This can prevent the collapse of the weak vein and enable a successful blood extraction.Rate this question:
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- 22.
To collect blood for a prothrombin time test, use an eacuated tube with a ____ colored stopper
- A.
Light blue
- B.
Red
- C.
Blue
- D.
Black
Correct Answer
A. Light blueExplanation
The correct answer is light blue because a prothrombin time test requires the blood sample to be collected in a tube that contains sodium citrate as an anticoagulant. Light blue stoppers are commonly used for tubes containing sodium citrate, making it the appropriate choice for this test.Rate this question:
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- 23.
One bedside (point of care) laboratory test that is used before surgery to check whether a patient has a sufficient number of working platelets is known as the ___ test.
- A.
Prothrombin time
- B.
Bleeding time
- C.
Partial thromboplastin time
- D.
Complete blood counts
Correct Answer
C. Partial thromboplastin timeExplanation
Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) is a bedside laboratory test used before surgery to check if a patient has an adequate number of functioning platelets. PTT measures the time it takes for blood to clot, specifically the intrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade. It evaluates the effectiveness of factors involved in clot formation, including platelets. By assessing PTT, medical professionals can determine if a patient is at risk of excessive bleeding during surgery due to platelet dysfunction or deficiency. Therefore, PTT is the correct test to assess platelet function before surgery.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Paul phlebotomist draws CBC on patient fred jones , labels the lavender top tube and remove his gloves to go to lunch. Before he can leave patient Sam smith is sent to phlebotomist to have a full lipid profile drawn. paul puts on new gloves and draws a red top tube he recors the # hours post prandial. what step is missing?
- A.
Hands arent washed in between
- B.
Hours postprandial arent needed
- C.
Red top tube is incorrect
- D.
Laender tube is incorrect
Correct Answer
A. Hands arent washed in betweenExplanation
The missing step in the given scenario is that the phlebotomist did not wash his hands in between drawing the lavender top tube for patient Fred Jones and drawing the red top tube for patient Sam Smith. Proper hand hygiene, including handwashing, is essential in healthcare settings to prevent the spread of infections and maintain patient safety.Rate this question:
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- 25.
To collect blood without an addititve use an evacuated tube with a ___ colored stopper
- A.
Lavender
- B.
Red
- C.
Blue
- D.
Black
Correct Answer
B. RedExplanation
When collecting blood without an additive, a red-colored stopper is used in an evacuated tube. The red stopper indicates that the tube is meant for collecting blood samples without any additives or anticoagulants. Different colored stoppers are used for different types of additives or anticoagulants, but in this case, the red stopper is the correct choice for collecting blood without any additives.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Can a phlebotomist legally draw blood from a fully cognizant (awake and aware) patient who refuses consent to it?
- A.
No
- B.
Yes with nurse consent
- C.
Yes with physician concent
- D.
Yes with administrative consent
Correct Answer
A. NoExplanation
A phlebotomist cannot legally draw blood from a fully cognizant patient who refuses consent. Consent is a fundamental principle in healthcare, and patients have the right to refuse any medical procedure, including blood draws. The phlebotomist must respect the patient's autonomy and cannot proceed without their consent. Nurse, physician, or administrative consent does not override the patient's refusal.Rate this question:
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- 27.
The single, most important way to prevent the spread of infection while performing phlebotomy is by __________.
- A.
Wearing a mask
- B.
Cleaning spills
- C.
Washing hands
- D.
Burning waste
Correct Answer
C. Washing handsExplanation
Washing hands is the single, most important way to prevent the spread of infection while performing phlebotomy. This is because hands can easily come into contact with pathogens during the procedure, and washing them thoroughly with soap and water helps to remove these pathogens and prevent their transmission to the phlebotomist or other patients. Wearing a mask may provide some protection, but it is not as effective as washing hands. Cleaning spills and burning waste are also important infection control measures, but they are not the most crucial in preventing the spread of infection during phlebotomy.Rate this question:
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- 28.
After drawing blood from a patient, the phlebotomist should dispose of the needle by __________.
- A.
Breaking it so it cannot be reused by anyone
- B.
Depositing it in an approved "sharps container"
- C.
Todding it into waste cans in the laboratory
- D.
Recaqpping it carefully and bringing it back to the lab
Correct Answer
B. Depositing it in an approved "sharps container"Explanation
The correct answer is depositing it in an approved "sharps container". After drawing blood from a patient, it is important for the phlebotomist to dispose of the needle safely and properly. Depositing the needle in an approved "sharps container" ensures that it is disposed of in a way that minimizes the risk of accidental needlestick injuries and contamination. This container is specifically designed to hold and safely contain used needles, preventing any potential harm to healthcare workers or waste handlers.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Negligence by a professional person is called __________.
- A.
Invasion of privacy
- B.
Slander
- C.
Malpractice
- D.
Tort
Correct Answer
C. MalpracticeExplanation
Malpractice refers to the negligence or misconduct by a professional person, such as a doctor, lawyer, or accountant, in the course of their professional duties. It involves a breach of the standard of care expected from them, resulting in harm or injury to their client or patient. This term is commonly used in the context of medical malpractice, where a healthcare professional fails to provide the appropriate standard of care, causing harm to the patient.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Which of the following is the single most common source of HIV and HBV in the workplace?
- A.
Semen
- B.
Saliva
- C.
Pleural fluid
- D.
Blood
Correct Answer
D. BloodExplanation
The single most common source of HIV and HBV in the workplace is blood. This is because both HIV and HBV can be transmitted through contact with infected blood. While other bodily fluids like semen, saliva, and pleural fluid may also contain these viruses, blood is considered the highest risk due to its higher concentration of the viruses. Therefore, it is crucial to take precautions and follow proper safety protocols when handling blood or any potentially infected materials in the workplace to prevent the transmission of HIV and HBV.Rate this question:
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- 31.
The heart, lymphatic organs, and blood vessels are in the __________.
- A.
Respiratory system
- B.
Cardiovascular system
- C.
Digestive system
- D.
Urinary system
Correct Answer
B. Cardiovascular systemExplanation
The heart, lymphatic organs, and blood vessels are all components of the cardiovascular system. The cardiovascular system is responsible for the circulation of blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to the tissues and removing waste products. The heart acts as the pump, while the blood vessels transport the blood. The lymphatic organs, such as the spleen and lymph nodes, are also part of this system as they play a role in immune function and the removal of toxins. Therefore, the correct answer is the cardiovascular system.Rate this question:
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- 32.
The venipuncture site should be cleansed in a circular motion from the center to the __________.
- A.
Periphery
- B.
Injection point
- C.
Opposite side you started from
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
A. PeripheryExplanation
When performing a venipuncture, it is important to cleanse the site properly to minimize the risk of infection. Cleansing the site in a circular motion from the center to the periphery ensures that any dirt or bacteria is pushed away from the puncture site. This technique helps to maintain the cleanliness of the site and reduces the chances of introducing contaminants into the bloodstream. Therefore, the correct answer is periphery.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Within the capillaries, blood cells __________.
- A.
Give away oxygen
- B.
Pick up carbon dioxide
- C.
Pick up waste products
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. Give away oxygenExplanation
Within the capillaries, blood cells give away oxygen to the surrounding tissues. Capillaries are tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that connect arteries and veins. Oxygen-rich blood from the arteries is transported to the capillaries, where it comes into close contact with the body's cells. Through a process called diffusion, oxygen molecules move from the blood cells into the tissues, providing them with the oxygen they need for cellular respiration. This allows the cells to produce energy. Therefore, the correct answer is "give away oxygen."Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which is not an infection control method?
- A.
Protective clothing
- B.
Biohazard containers
- C.
Sphygmomanometers
- D.
Hand washing
Correct Answer
C. SphygmomanometersExplanation
Sphygmomanometers are not an infection control method. Sphygmomanometers are medical devices used to measure blood pressure and do not directly contribute to preventing the spread of infections. In contrast, protective clothing, biohazard containers, and hand washing are all infection control methods commonly used in healthcare settings to minimize the risk of transmission of infectious agents.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Safe working conditions for employees are regulated by __________.
- A.
FDA
- B.
OSHA
- C.
CDC
- D.
CLSI
Correct Answer
B. OSHAExplanation
Safe working conditions for employees are regulated by OSHA, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration. OSHA is a federal agency that sets and enforces standards to ensure safe and healthy working conditions for employees in the United States. They provide guidelines and regulations for various industries to prevent workplace hazards, such as exposure to harmful substances, accidents, and injuries. OSHA also conducts inspections and investigations to ensure compliance with these standards and takes enforcement actions when necessary to protect the well-being of workers.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Which of the following are types of tourniquets used in specimen collection?
- A.
Velcro
- B.
Blood pressure cuff
- C.
Pliable strap
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. Pliable strapExplanation
A pliable strap is a type of tourniquet used in specimen collection. Tourniquets are used to restrict blood flow, making it easier to locate veins for blood collection. Velcro and blood pressure cuffs are not specifically designed as tourniquets for specimen collection purposes. Therefore, the correct answer is pliable strap, as it is a type of tourniquet commonly used in specimen collection procedures.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The color of normal serum is usually __________.
- A.
Straw to yellow
- B.
Milky white
- C.
Clear red
- D.
Hazy brown
Correct Answer
A. Straw to yellowExplanation
Normal serum is typically straw to yellow in color. This is because serum, which is the liquid portion of blood without the clotting factors, contains various substances such as proteins, electrolytes, and waste products. These components can contribute to the color of serum, with a straw to yellow hue being the typical range. A milky white color would indicate the presence of lipids, while clear red or hazy brown colors may suggest the presence of blood or other abnormalities.Rate this question:
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- 38.
Which of the following conditions would stop a phlebotomist from drawing blood from a patient's vein?
- A.
Same side mastectomy
- B.
Recent heart attack
- C.
IV in the opposite arm
- D.
Active tuberculosis
Correct Answer
C. IV in the opposite armExplanation
The presence of an IV in the opposite arm would prevent a phlebotomist from drawing blood from a patient's vein. This is because the IV can cause complications such as infection, clotting, or interference with the accuracy of the blood sample. It is important to avoid drawing blood from an arm with an IV to ensure patient safety and accurate test results.Rate this question:
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- 39.
Chemicals that precent blood from clotting are called __________.
- A.
Preservatives
- B.
Activators
- C.
Anticoagulants
- D.
Adhesives
Correct Answer
C. AnticoagulantsExplanation
Anticoagulants are chemicals that prevent blood from clotting. They work by inhibiting the formation of blood clots, which helps to prevent conditions such as deep vein thrombosis, stroke, and heart attack. Preservatives are substances used to prevent spoilage or decay, activators are substances that initiate or speed up a chemical reaction, and adhesives are substances used to stick things together. Therefore, anticoagulants are the correct answer in this context.Rate this question:
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- 40.
Red and white blood cell counts are examples of __________ tests.
- A.
Chemistry
- B.
Blood banking
- C.
Hematology
- D.
Microbiology
Correct Answer
C. HematologyExplanation
Hematology is the study of blood and blood disorders. Red and white blood cell counts are specific tests that fall under the field of hematology. These tests are used to assess the levels of red and white blood cells in the body, which can provide important information about a person's overall health and potential medical conditions. Therefore, hematology is the correct answer for this question.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Treating all specimens as if they are hazardous and infectionsis the basis for __________.
- A.
Isolation
- B.
Quality control
- C.
Universal precautions
- D.
Hazardous waste control
Correct Answer
C. Universal precautionsExplanation
The basis for treating all specimens as if they are hazardous and infections is universal precautions. Universal precautions refer to the practice of treating all patients and specimens as if they are infectious, regardless of their actual infectious status. This approach ensures the safety of healthcare workers and minimizes the risk of transmission of infections.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Drugs used to destroy or kill bacteria that cause disease, are called __________.
- A.
Disinfectants
- B.
Germicides
- C.
Sterilizers
- D.
Anitbiotics
Correct Answer
D. AnitbioticsExplanation
Antibiotics are drugs that are specifically designed to destroy or kill bacteria that cause diseases. They work by targeting the bacteria and either inhibiting their growth or killing them completely. Disinfectants are substances used to kill microorganisms on surfaces, while germicides are agents that destroy germs. Sterilizers are devices or chemicals used to kill all forms of microbial life. Therefore, the correct answer is antibiotics.Rate this question:
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- 43.
When the heart is contracting, the pressure is highest. This pressure is called the __________.
- A.
Systolic pressure
- B.
Diastollic pressure
- C.
Heart pressure
- D.
Arterial pressure
Correct Answer
A. Systolic pressureExplanation
During the contraction of the heart, blood is pumped out into the arteries, resulting in an increase in pressure. This maximum pressure exerted on the arterial walls is known as systolic pressure. It represents the top number in a blood pressure reading and is an important indicator of the heart's ability to pump blood effectively.Rate this question:
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- 44.
The process by which an object or area becomes unclean is known as __________.
- A.
Contamination
- B.
Infection
- C.
Sterilization
- D.
Colonization
Correct Answer
A. ContaminationExplanation
Contamination refers to the process in which an object or area becomes unclean. It involves the introduction of harmful or unwanted substances, such as dirt, germs, or pollutants, into a previously clean environment. This can occur through various means, such as direct contact, airborne particles, or cross-contamination. Contamination can pose health risks and may require cleaning or disinfection to restore cleanliness and prevent the spread of harmful agents. In contrast, infection refers specifically to the invasion and multiplication of pathogens in a living organism, sterilization refers to the complete elimination of all microorganisms, and colonization refers to the establishment and growth of microorganisms in a particular area.Rate this question:
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- 45.
The health care worker is protected by law if it can be determined that he or she acted as expected when compared with fellow workers. This is called __________.
- A.
Respondent superior
- B.
Reasonable care
- C.
Duty of care
- D.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. Reasonable careExplanation
The concept of "reasonable care" refers to the legal standard that determines whether a person has acted responsibly and prudently in a given situation. In the context of the question, if a health care worker can demonstrate that their actions were in line with what would be expected from their colleagues in a similar situation, they can be protected by law. This means that as long as the health care worker acted reasonably and in accordance with the standards of their profession, they will not be held liable for any potential harm or negligence.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Which of the following is not known to transmit HIV?
- A.
Vaginal secretions
- B.
Breast milk
- C.
Semen
- D.
Sweat
Correct Answer
D. SweatExplanation
Sweat is not known to transmit HIV because the virus cannot survive outside the body for long periods of time. HIV is primarily transmitted through specific body fluids such as blood, vaginal secretions, breast milk, and semen, which contain a high concentration of the virus. However, sweat does not contain enough of the virus to transmit HIV, making it an unlikely mode of transmission.Rate this question:
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- 47.
Consent to treament based upon full understanging of all possible risks of unpreventable results of treatment is called __________.
- A.
Contributory negligence
- B.
Fraud
- C.
Assumption of risk
- D.
Proximate cause
Correct Answer
C. Assumption of riskExplanation
Assumption of risk refers to the concept of a patient consenting to a medical treatment with full understanding of all the potential risks and unpreventable outcomes that may occur as a result. This means that the patient acknowledges and accepts the potential negative consequences and agrees to proceed with the treatment despite this knowledge. It is a legal defense that healthcare professionals can use if a patient experiences complications or adverse effects from a treatment that were fully disclosed and understood by the patient beforehand.Rate this question:
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- 48.
Infections that can be spread from person to person are called __________.
- A.
Environmental
- B.
Communicable
- C.
Indirect
- D.
Vector-borne
Correct Answer
B. CommunicableExplanation
Infections that can be spread from person to person are called communicable. This term refers to diseases that can be transmitted through direct contact, such as respiratory droplets or bodily fluids, or indirectly through contaminated objects or surfaces. Communicable diseases can include common illnesses like the flu or cold, as well as more serious infections like tuberculosis or HIV. It is important to understand and take necessary precautions to prevent the spread of communicable diseases in order to protect public health.Rate this question:
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- 49.
A tube adapter that has been visibly contaminated with blood should be disposed of in __________.
- A.
A sealed double bag
- B.
The regular trash
- C.
A biohazardous waste container
- D.
A needle cutter
Correct Answer
C. A biohazardous waste containerExplanation
A tube adapter that has been visibly contaminated with blood should be disposed of in a biohazardous waste container because blood is considered a biohazard and can potentially contain infectious agents. Disposing of the contaminated adapter in a biohazardous waste container ensures that it is properly contained and prevents any potential spread of infection or contamination to others.Rate this question:
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- 50.
A violation of a person's right to have his or her name, photograph, or private affairs made public without giving consent is called __________.
- A.
Assault
- B.
Malpractice
- C.
Invasion of privacy
- D.
Battery
Correct Answer
C. Invasion of privacyExplanation
Invasion of privacy refers to the violation of an individual's right to keep their personal information, name, photograph, or private matters confidential without their consent. It involves the unauthorized intrusion into someone's personal life, which can cause emotional distress, harm their reputation, or compromise their personal security. This term encompasses various forms of privacy invasion, such as intrusion, disclosure of private facts, false light, and appropriation of name or likeness.Rate this question:
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