Medicines: Phlebotomy Technician Certification (CPT) Practice Quiz!

Hematology is the study of blood. It involves the examination of blood cells, blood clotting mechanisms, and blood diseases. Hematologists analyze blood samples to diagnose and monitor various conditions such as anemia, leukemia, and blood clotting disorders. They also study the functions and disorders of the organs involved in blood production and circulation, such as the bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes. Understanding hematology is crucial for diagnosing and treating blood-related disorders and ensuring overall health and well-being.

Antiseptics are chemicals that are used to clean human skin by inhibiting the growth of microorganisms. They are effective in killing or preventing the growth of bacteria, viruses, and other harmful pathogens. Common antiseptics include 70% isopropyl alcohol, iodine, chlorhexidine, chlorine, hexachlorophene, chloroxylenol, quaternary ammonium compounds, and triclosan. These chemicals help to reduce the risk of infection and promote cleanliness and hygiene.

Contamination refers to the process through which an area or object becomes unclean or dirty. It does not specifically pertain to a person's skin or a patient, but rather focuses on the cleanliness of an area or object. This can occur through the introduction of harmful substances, germs, or pollutants, which can pose risks to health and safety.

The correct answer is "Contraction, Relaxation" because systolic refers to the contraction phase of the heart when it pumps blood, while diastolic refers to the relaxation phase of the heart when it fills with blood.

Blood is the most common source of the spread of HBV, HCB, and HIV. These three diseases are bloodborne pathogens, meaning they can be transmitted through contact with infected blood. HBV (Hepatitis B virus), HCV (Hepatitis C virus), and HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) can all be transmitted through activities such as sharing needles, receiving contaminated blood transfusions, or having unprotected sex with an infected individual. Therefore, it is important to practice safe behaviors and take precautions to prevent the spread of these diseases.

Universal Precautions, also known as Standard Precautions, refer to the practice of treating all specimens and patients as if they are hazardous and infectious, particularly for HIV, HBV, HCV, or other bloodborne pathogens. This approach ensures the safety of healthcare workers by assuming that all individuals may potentially transmit infectious diseases. By following Universal Precautions, healthcare professionals can minimize the risk of exposure and transmission of pathogens, protecting both themselves and their patients.

Disinfectants are chemical compounds that are used to remove or kill pathogenic microorganisms. They are typically used in medical instruments or countertops to ensure that they are free from harmful bacteria, viruses, or fungi. Disinfectants are not used on human skin or infants, as mentioned in the other options. Additionally, they are not used to remove or kill radioactive waste, as stated in the last option.

A nosocomial infection refers to an infection that is acquired after admission into a health facility. The most common type of nosocomial infection is a urinary tract infection.

Fomites are objects that can harbor infectious agents and transmit infections. This includes items like door knobs, glasses, sinks, and phlebotomy supplies. These objects can become contaminated with pathogens and can then transfer those pathogens to other individuals who come into contact with them. It is important to practice proper hygiene and disinfection protocols to prevent the spread of infections through fomites.

The correct answer is "Protective membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord." The meninges are a set of three membranes (dura mater, arachnoid mater, and pia mater) that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord. They provide a barrier against infections and physical damage, and also help to cushion and support the central nervous system.

The correct answer is the transverse (horizontal) plane. This plane divides the body into superior and inferior parts, or upper and lower parts. It is perpendicular to both the sagittal and coronal planes, and it is often used to visualize cross-sectional images of body structures.

The correct answer is source, mode of transmission, susceptible host. This sequence follows the chain of infection model, which explains how infectious diseases are transmitted. The source refers to the origin of the pathogen, such as a person or object. The mode of transmission is the method by which the pathogen is spread, such as through direct contact or through the air. Finally, the susceptible host is the person or organism that can be infected by the pathogen. By understanding and interrupting each step in the chain of infection, the spread of infectious diseases can be prevented.

Phlebotomists should wash their hands for 1-2 minutes. This duration allows for thorough cleaning of hands, ensuring the removal of any potential pathogens or contaminants. Washing hands for less than a minute may not effectively eliminate all harmful microorganisms, while washing for longer than 2 minutes may lead to skin dryness or irritation. Therefore, 1-2 minutes is the recommended time for phlebotomists to wash their hands to maintain proper hygiene and prevent the spread of infections.

The given correct answer is the coronal (frontal) plane. The coronal plane divides the body into anterior and posterior sections. It is a vertical plane that runs from side to side, separating the front (anterior) from the back (posterior). This plane is commonly used in medical imaging to view structures from a front and back perspective.

Human skin is always covered with bacteria. The human skin is home to a diverse community of microorganisms, including bacteria. These bacteria are part of the normal flora of the skin and play a crucial role in maintaining skin health. They help protect the skin from harmful pathogens, regulate the skin's pH balance, and contribute to the overall immune function of the body. Therefore, it is natural for the human skin to be covered with bacteria.

The correct answer is bugs and rodents. Bugs and rodents are commonly referred to as vectors because they can transmit diseases to humans and animals. Bugs, such as mosquitoes and ticks, can carry and spread diseases like malaria, Lyme disease, and Zika virus. Rodents, such as rats and mice, can carry diseases like hantavirus and leptospirosis. These vectors play a significant role in the spread of infectious diseases and pose a threat to public health.

The given answer, Sagittal (median) plane, is correct because the plane divides the body into left and right halves, passing through the midline of the body. This plane is also known as the median plane. The other options mentioned, such as the transverse plane, coronal plane, and posterior plane, do not accurately describe the plane in question.