Pharmocology Math - 45 Mins - EMT-p
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
You are ordered to administer 0.5 mg of atropine sulfate to a patient. The atropine comes 2mg in 1 ml. How many milliliters will you give?
- A.
0.25 ml
- B.
1.00 ml
- C.
0.50 ml
- D.
0.75 ml
Correct Answer
A. 0.25 mlExplanation
To administer 0.5 mg of atropine sulfate, we need to consider the concentration of the atropine solution, which is 2 mg in 1 ml. Since we need only 0.5 mg, we can calculate the required volume by setting up a proportion. 2 mg is to 1 ml as 0.5 mg is to x ml. Solving this proportion, we find that x = (0.5 mg * 1 ml) / 2 mg = 0.25 ml.Rate this question:
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- 2.
You have a patient that weighs 150 pounds. He has been resuscitated and now has a BP of 60/40. You are going to establish a dopamine drip IV piggyback. You are using a 60gtt set and wish to deliver 5 mcg/kg/min. You mix 200 mg of dopamine into 250 ml of normal saline. What is your flow rate?
- A.
26 gtts/min
- B.
20 gtts/min
- C.
6 gtts/min
- D.
32 gtts/min
Correct Answer
A. 26 gtts/minExplanation
The flow rate for the dopamine drip IV piggyback is calculated by first determining the total volume to be infused per minute. In this case, the patient weighs 150 pounds, so the weight in kilograms is 150/2.2 = 68.18 kg. The desired dose is 5 mcg/kg/min, so the total dose per minute is 5 mcg/kg/min * 68.18 kg = 340.9 mcg/min.
Next, we need to convert mcg/min to mg/min. Since 1 mg = 1000 mcg, the dose in mg/min is 340.9 mcg/min / 1000 = 0.3409 mg/min.
The total volume of the dopamine solution is 250 ml, and it contains 200 mg of dopamine. Therefore, the concentration of dopamine in the solution is 200 mg / 250 ml = 0.8 mg/ml.
To find the flow rate, we divide the dose in mg/min by the concentration in mg/ml: 0.3409 mg/min / 0.8 mg/ml = 0.426 ml/min.
Since there are 60 gtts in 1 ml, the flow rate in gtts/min is 0.426 ml/min * 60 gtts/ml = 25.56 gtts/min, which can be rounded to 26 gtts/min.Rate this question:
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- 3.
You have an IV containing 500 ml of fluid. You are using a 10 gtt administration set. You are running the rate at 20 gtts/min. How long will it take the fluid to run out of the IV bag?
- A.
1 hours
- B.
6 hours 15 mins
- C.
25 mins
- D.
4 hours 20 mins
Correct Answer
C. 25 minsExplanation
The administration set is delivering 10 drops per minute (gtts/min). Since the rate is set at 20 gtts/min, the IV bag will deliver 20 drops every minute. With a total volume of 500 ml, it will take a total of 500 ml / 20 gtts/min = 25 minutes to deliver the entire fluid.Rate this question:
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- 4.
You are ordered to give 10 mcg/kg/min of dobutamine to a patient. He weighs 145 pounds. Dobutmaine comes in a 12.5 mg/ml package. It contains 100 ml. What is you flow rate?
- A.
8 gtts/min
- B.
26 gtts/min
- C.
3 gtts/min
- D.
12 gtts/min
Correct Answer
C. 3 gtts/minExplanation
To calculate the flow rate, we need to convert the patient's weight from pounds to kilograms. Since 1 kg is approximately 2.2 pounds, the patient's weight is approximately 65.9 kg.
Next, we need to calculate the total dosage of dobutamine required. The dosage is given as 10 mcg/kg/min, so for a 65.9 kg patient, the total dosage is 659 mcg/min.
Since the concentration of dobutamine is 12.5 mg/ml and there are 100 ml in the package, the total amount of dobutamine in the package is 1250 mg.
To calculate the flow rate, we divide the total dosage (659 mcg/min) by the total amount of dobutamine (1250 mg) and multiply by the drop factor. Assuming a drop factor of 20 drops/ml, the flow rate is approximately 3 gtts/min.Rate this question:
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- 5.
A patient is to be given 500 ml of 0.9% Sodium Chloride IV over a 4 hour period. The set has a drop rate of 20 drops/ml. What is the drip rate.
- A.
55 gtts/min
- B.
26 gtts/min
- C.
42 gtts/min
- D.
35 gtts/min
Correct Answer
C. 42 gtts/minExplanation
To calculate the drip rate, we need to determine the total number of drops required for the 500 ml of fluid to be infused over 4 hours. First, we find the total number of drops in 500 ml, which is 500 ml * 20 drops/ml = 10,000 drops. Next, we calculate the number of drops per minute by dividing the total number of drops by the total number of minutes in 4 hours (4 hours * 60 minutes/hour = 240 minutes). Therefore, the drip rate is 10,000 drops / 240 minutes = 41.67 drops/min, which can be rounded up to 42 gtts/min.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A patient is to be given 800 ml of 5% Dextrose over 6 hours. The set has a drop factor of 20 drops/ml. What is the drip rate?
- A.
40 gtts/min
- B.
44 gtts/min
- C.
24 gtts/min
- D.
36 gtts/min
Correct Answer
B. 44 gtts/minExplanation
To calculate the drip rate, we need to determine the total number of drops needed for the infusion and divide it by the total time in minutes.
First, we need to convert the volume of the infusion from milliliters to drops. Since the set has a drop factor of 20 drops/ml, we multiply 800 ml by 20 to get 16,000 drops.
Next, we divide the total number of drops (16,000) by the total time in minutes (360 minutes, since 6 hours is equal to 360 minutes). This gives us a drip rate of approximately 44 gtts/min.
Therefore, the correct answer is 44 gtts/min.Rate this question:
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- 7.
A patient is to be given 800 ml of Normal Saline over 10 hours. The set has a drop factor of 15 drops/ml. What is the drip rate?
- A.
15 gtts/min
- B.
20 gtts/min
- C.
25 gtts/min
- D.
10 gtts/min
Correct Answer
B. 20 gtts/minExplanation
The drip rate can be calculated by dividing the total volume to be infused (800 ml) by the total time of infusion (10 hours) and multiplying it by the drop factor (15 drops/ml). This gives us a drip rate of 1200 gtts/hour. To convert this to minutes, we divide it by 60, resulting in a drip rate of 20 gtts/min.Rate this question:
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- 8.
A patient is to be given 350 ml of Dextrose over 4 hours. The set has a drop factor of 20 drops/ml. What is the drip rate?
- A.
23 gtts/min
- B.
19 gtts/min
- C.
29 gtts/min
- D.
10 gtts/min
Correct Answer
C. 29 gtts/minExplanation
To calculate the drip rate, we need to determine the total number of drops needed over the given time period. First, we calculate the total volume in drops by multiplying the volume in ml (350 ml) by the drop factor (20 drops/ml), which gives us 7000 drops. Next, we divide the total number of drops by the total time in minutes (4 hours = 240 minutes) to get the drip rate. Therefore, the drip rate is 7000 drops / 240 minutes = 29 gtts/min.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A patient is to be given 350 ml of plasma over 3 hours. The set has a drop factor of 20 drops/ml. What is the drip rate?
- A.
42
- B.
28
- C.
15
- D.
39
Correct Answer
D. 39Explanation
The drip rate can be calculated by dividing the total volume of plasma (350 ml) by the total time (3 hours). This gives us a rate of 116.67 ml/hr. Since the set has a drop factor of 20 drops/ml, we can further calculate the drip rate by multiplying the rate in ml/hr by the drop factor. This gives us a drip rate of 2333.33 drops/hr. To convert this to minutes, we divide by 60, resulting in a drip rate of approximately 38.89 drops/min. Rounding this to the nearest whole number gives us a drip rate of 39 drops/min.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A patient is to be given 450 ml of Sodium Chloride IV. The set has a drop factor of 15 drops/min. What is the drip rate?
- A.
52 gtts/min
- B.
46 gtts/min
- C.
20 gtts min
- D.
38 gtts/min
Correct Answer
C. 20 gtts minExplanation
Use the formula: Drip Rate (gtts/min) = Volume to be infused (mL) / Time (min) / Drop Factor.
We want to find the time (minutes) it takes to infuse 450 mL, so the formula becomes Time (min) = 450 mL / (Drip Rate x 15 drops/min).
Now, let's calculate the time for each answer choice:
For a Drip Rate of 52 gtts/min, the time is approximately 0.58 minutes.
For a Drip Rate of 46 gtts/min, the time is approximately 0.65 minutes.
For a Drip Rate of 20 gtts/min, the time is 1.5 minutes.
For a Drip Rate of 38 gtts/min, the time is approximately 0.79 minutes.
Typically, IV infusions are given over a few minutes. So, the answer that makes the most sense is the one that results in a time close to 1 minute. In this case, the correct answer is 20 gtts/min because it results in a time of 1.5 minutes, which is a reasonable infusion time.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A patient is to be given 600 ml Normal Saline over 6 hours. The set has a drop factor of 15 drops/ml. What is the drip rate?
- A.
25 gtts/min
- B.
32 gtts/min
- C.
12 gtts/min
- D.
20 gtts/min
Correct Answer
A. 25 gtts/minExplanation
To calculate the drip rate, we need to determine the total number of drops needed over the 6-hour period. Since the set has a drop factor of 15 drops/ml, we can multiply the volume of the solution (600 ml) by the drop factor to get the total number of drops (600 ml x 15 drops/ml = 9000 drops).
Next, we divide the total number of drops by the total time in minutes (6 hours x 60 minutes/hour = 360 minutes) to get the drip rate (9000 drops / 360 minutes = 25 gtts/min). Therefore, the correct answer is 25 gtts/min.Rate this question:
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- 12.
50 ml of an antibotic is to be given over 30 minutes. The set has a drop factor of 20 drops/ml. What is the drip rate?
- A.
33 gtts/min
- B.
30 gtts/min
- C.
23 gtts/min
- D.
12 gtts/min
Correct Answer
A. 33 gtts/minExplanation
To calculate the drip rate, we need to use the formula: drip rate = volume / time. In this case, the volume is 50 ml and the time is 30 minutes. Plugging in these values, we get: drip rate = 50 ml / 30 min = 1.67 ml/min. However, the set has a drop factor of 20 drops/ml, so we need to convert ml to drops. Multiplying the drip rate by the drop factor, we get: drip rate = 1.67 ml/min * 20 drops/ml = 33.4 drops/min. Since we can't have a fraction of a drop, the drip rate is rounded down to the nearest whole number, which is 33 gtts/min.Rate this question:
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- 13.
A patient is to be given 1500 ml of Normal Saline solution over 12 hours. The set has a drop factor of 60 drops/ml. What is the drip rate?
- A.
75 gtts/min
- B.
175 gtts/min
- C.
100 gtts/min
- D.
125 gtts/min
Correct Answer
D. 125 gtts/minExplanation
To calculate the drip rate, we need to divide the total volume of the solution (1500 ml) by the total time (12 hours) and multiply it by the drop factor (60 drops/ml). Therefore, the drip rate is (1500 ml / 12 hours) * 60 drops/ml = 125 gtts/min.Rate this question:
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- 14.
A patient is to be given 500 ml of 0.9% Sodium Chloride over 3 hours. The set has a drop factor of 60 drops/ml. What is the drip rate?
- A.
167 gtts/min
- B.
200 gtts/min
- C.
125 gtts/min
- D.
154 gtts/min
Correct Answer
A. 167 gtts/minExplanation
To calculate the drip rate, we need to find the total number of drops required for 500 ml of solution over 3 hours.
First, we convert 3 hours to minutes by multiplying it by 60, which gives us 180 minutes.
Next, we multiply 500 ml by the drop factor of 60 drops/ml to find the total number of drops needed. This calculation gives us 30,000 drops.
Finally, we divide the total number of drops by the total number of minutes (180) to find the drip rate per minute.
30,000 drops / 180 minutes = 166.67 drops/minute, which rounds up to 167 gtts/min.
Therefore, the correct answer is 167 gtts/min.Rate this question:
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- 15.
An infusion of 5% Dextroxe has 600 ml remaining. The drop rate is 20 drops/min. If the drop factor is 12 drops/m., how many hours will it take to give this infusion?
- A.
4 hours
- B.
8 hours
- C.
2 hours
- D.
6 hours
Correct Answer
D. 6 hoursExplanation
The infusion has 600 ml remaining and the drop rate is 20 drops/min. Since the drop factor is 12 drops/m, we can calculate the total number of drops in the remaining infusion as follows: 600 ml * 12 drops/m = 7200 drops.
To find the time it takes to give this infusion, we divide the total number of drops by the drop rate: 7200 drops / 20 drops/min = 360 min.
Since there are 60 min in an hour, we divide the total minutes by 60 to get the number of hours: 360 min / 60 min/hour = 6 hours.
Therefore, it will take 6 hours to give this infusion.Rate this question:
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- 16.
An IV infusion of 1500 ml of Normal Saline is to be given at a rate of 40 drops/min. The drop factor is 15 drops/ml. If this infusion begins at 1015, at what time will it finish?
- A.
1315
- B.
2015
- C.
1630
- D.
1938
Correct Answer
D. 1938Explanation
The IV infusion of 1500 ml of Normal Saline is given at a rate of 40 drops/min. The drop factor is 15 drops/ml. To calculate the time it will take to finish the infusion, we need to find the total number of drops and then divide it by the rate of drops per minute. The total number of drops can be calculated by multiplying the volume of the infusion (1500 ml) by the drop factor (15 drops/ml), which equals 22500 drops. Dividing 22500 drops by the rate of 40 drops/min gives us 562.5 minutes. Adding this to the starting time of 1015, the infusion will finish at 1937.5. Since time is usually rounded up, the correct answer is 1938.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Calculate the time at which an IV infusion of 5% Dextrose 1000 ml would be completed when set to run at 35 drops/min. The infusion was started at 1400 and the drop factor is 20.
- A.
1800
- B.
2340
- C.
2129
- D.
2331
Correct Answer
D. 2331Explanation
The question asks for the time at which the IV infusion would be completed. To calculate this, we need to determine the total number of drops in the 1000 ml infusion and then divide it by the infusion rate of 35 drops/min.
First, we need to find the total number of drops in 1000 ml. The drop factor is given as 20, which means that there are 20 drops in 1 ml. So, in 1000 ml, there would be 1000 * 20 = 20,000 drops.
Next, we divide the total number of drops by the infusion rate of 35 drops/min.
20,000 drops / 35 drops/min = 571.43 min
Since the infusion was started at 1400, we add 571.43 min to 1400 to find the completion time.
1400 + 571.43 = 1971.43
Rounding up to the nearest minute, the completion time would be 1972 min, which is equivalent to 2331 in military time.
Therefore, the correct answer is 2331.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Calculate the time at which an IV solution of Normal Saline 500 ml to e completed when running at 28 drops/min. The infusion started at 0900, and the drop factor is 20.
- A.
1310
- B.
1420
- C.
1457
- D.
1244
Correct Answer
C. 1457Explanation
The IV solution is running at a rate of 28 drops per minute. The drop factor is 20, which means that 20 drops equal 1 milliliter. Therefore, the solution is infusing at a rate of 1.4 milliliters per minute (28 drops / 20 drops/mL). The solution is 500 milliliters in total, so it will take approximately 357 minutes (500 mL / 1.4 mL/min) for the infusion to be completed. Adding this to the starting time of 0900, we get a completion time of 1457.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Calculate the amount of intravenous fluid remaining in a 1000 ml bag of Normal Saline that has been running at 41 drops/min for 90 minutes. The drop factor is 20.
- A.
700 ml
- B.
815.5 ml
- C.
750.5 ml
- D.
901.5 ml
Correct Answer
B. 815.5 mlExplanation
The drop factor of 20 means that 20 drops equal 1 ml. Since the fluid has been running for 90 minutes at a rate of 41 drops/min, we can calculate the total amount of fluid that has been infused by multiplying the rate by the time: 41 drops/min * 90 min = 3690 drops. To convert this to milliliters, we divide by the drop factor: 3690 drops / 20 = 184.5 ml. Therefore, the amount of fluid remaining in the bag is the initial volume (1000 ml) minus the amount infused (184.5 ml), which equals 815.5 ml.Rate this question:
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- 20.
1000 ml of Saline Solution is to be infused intravenously. The set has a drop factor of 15 drops/ml and is set at 40 drops/min. How long will this infusion take to finish?
- A.
7 hours 10 mins
- B.
4 hours 30 mins
- C.
6 hours 15 mins
- D.
5 hours 45 mins
Correct Answer
C. 6 hours 15 minsExplanation
The drop factor of 15 drops/ml means that for every milliliter of solution, 15 drops will be delivered. The set is set at 40 drops/min, so in one minute, 40/15 = 2.67 ml of solution will be delivered. To calculate the total time for the infusion, we divide the total volume of solution (1000 ml) by the rate of delivery (2.67 ml/min). This gives us approximately 375 minutes, which is equal to 6 hours and 15 minutes. Therefore, the correct answer is 6 hours 15 mins.Rate this question:
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- 21.
A patient is to receive 1000 ml of Normal Saline. For the first 6 hours, the solution is delivered at 85 ml/hour, then the rate is reduced to 70 ml/hour. What is the total time taken to give the full volume.
- A.
9 hours
- B.
11 hours
- C.
15 hours
- D.
13 hours
Correct Answer
D. 13 hoursExplanation
The total time taken to give the full volume can be calculated by dividing the total volume (1000 ml) by the rate at which the solution is delivered. For the first 6 hours, the rate is 85 ml/hour, so the volume delivered in this period is 6 hours * 85 ml/hour = 510 ml. The remaining volume to be delivered is 1000 ml - 510 ml = 490 ml. At a rate of 70 ml/hour, it will take 490 ml / 70 ml/hour = 7 hours to deliver the remaining volume. Therefore, the total time taken to give the full volume is 6 hours + 7 hours = 13 hours.Rate this question:
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- 22.
At 0430, an infusion is started, to infuse 1.5L of fluid at a rate of 90ml/hour. After 10 hours, the rate is reset to 75ml/hour. What is the finishing time?
- A.
2230
- B.
1830
- C.
1630
- D.
2030
Correct Answer
A. 2230Explanation
The infusion started at 0430 and the rate was 90ml/hour for 10 hours, which means 900ml of fluid was infused during this time. After 10 hours, the rate was reset to 75ml/hour. To find the finishing time, we need to calculate how long it will take to infuse the remaining 600ml of fluid at the new rate. The remaining fluid will take 600ml / 75ml/hour = 8 hours to infuse. Adding this to the initial 10 hours, the total time is 10 hours + 8 hours = 18 hours. Therefore, the finishing time is 0430 + 18 hours = 2230.Rate this question:
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- 23.
An IV infusion of 5% Dextrose is in progress. The infusion is being delivered at 40ml/hour. How much fluid will the patient receive in 4 hours?
- A.
160 ml
- B.
100 ml
- C.
60 ml
- D.
40 ml
Correct Answer
A. 160 mlExplanation
To calculate the amount of fluid the patient will receive in 4 hours during an IV infusion of 5% Dextrose at a rate of 40 ml/hour, you can use the following formula:
Total fluid = Infusion rate (ml/hour) x Time (hours)
Total fluid = 40 ml/hour x 4 hours
Total fluid = 160 ml
So, the patient will receive 160 ml of fluid in 4 hours during the IV infusion.Rate this question:
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- 24.
A pateint is receiving fluid from two IV lines. Line 1 is running at 65 ml/hour and Line 2 is running at 70 ml/hour. What volume of fluid would the patient receive over 12 hours?
- A.
1620 ml
- B.
1830 ml
- C.
900 ml
- D.
1260 ml
Correct Answer
A. 1620 mlExplanation
To calculate the volume of fluid the patient would receive over 12 hours, we need to add the rates of fluid from both IV lines. Line 1 is running at 65 ml/hour and Line 2 is running at 70 ml/hour. So, the total volume of fluid received per hour is 65 ml + 70 ml = 135 ml. To find the volume over 12 hours, we multiply the hourly rate by 12: 135 ml/hour * 12 hours = 1620 ml. Therefore, the patient would receive 1620 ml of fluid over 12 hours.Rate this question:
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- 25.
A patient is to be given 150 mg of pethidine IM stat, for severe pain. Each ampule contains 100 ml in 2ml. How many ml will be given?
- A.
2.5 ml
- B.
3 ml
- C.
1.3 ml
- D.
2.75 ml
Correct Answer
B. 3 mlExplanation
The patient is to be given 150 mg of pethidine IM stat. Each ampule contains 100 ml in 2 ml. To find out how many ml will be given, we can set up a proportion. Since 100 ml is equivalent to 2 ml, we can set up the proportion as 150 mg is to x ml as 2 ml is to 100 ml. Solving for x, we find that x is equal to 3 ml. Therefore, 3 ml will be given to the patient.Rate this question:
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- 26.
A patient is to receive 7.5 mg IN stat of metoclopramine. Each ampule contains 10mg per 2ml. How many ml will be given?
- A.
1.0 ml
- B.
2.5 ml
- C.
1.5 ml
- D.
2.0 ml
Correct Answer
C. 1.5 mlExplanation
To determine the amount of ml that will be given, we can set up a proportion using the given information. Since each ampule contains 10mg per 2ml, we can set up the equation 10mg/2ml = 7.5mg/x ml. Cross multiplying, we get 10x = 15, and solving for x, we find that x = 1.5 ml. Therefore, 1.5 ml will be given to the patient.Rate this question:
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- 27.
A patient is to given 50mg of promethazine. The box has 2ml ampules, each contain 25 mg per ml of phenergan. How many ml will be given?
- A.
2 ml
- B.
1.5 ml
- C.
3 ml
- D.
1 ml
Correct Answer
A. 2 mlExplanation
The patient is supposed to receive a dose of 50mg of promethazine. Each ampule contains 25mg per ml of phenergan. Therefore, to administer 50mg, we need to use 2ml of the solution, as each ml contains 25mg.Rate this question:
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- 28.
A patient is to be given 60mg of gentamicin IM. Ampules contain 80 mg per 2 ml. What is the volume you need to give?
- A.
2.5 ml
- B.
1.5 ml
- C.
2 ml
- D.
1 ml
Correct Answer
B. 1.5 mlExplanation
To calculate the volume needed, we can set up a proportion using the ratio of mg to ml in the ampule. Since the ampule contains 80 mg per 2 ml, we can set up the proportion: 80 mg/2 ml = 60 mg/x ml. Cross-multiplying and solving for x gives us x = (60 mg * 2 ml) / 80 mg = 1.5 ml. Therefore, the volume needed to give the patient 60 mg of gentamicin IM is 1.5 ml.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Ketorolac has been ordered for a patient. 20 mg q6hrs is to be given IM. The ampules contain 10mg per ml. How many ml are needed?
- A.
1.5 ml
- B.
1 ml
- C.
2 ml
- D.
2.5 ml
Correct Answer
C. 2 mlExplanation
The ordered dose of Ketorolac is 20 mg q6hrs. The ampules contain 10mg per ml. To calculate the amount of ml needed, we divide the ordered dose (20 mg) by the concentration of the ampules (10mg/ml). 20 mg / 10mg/ml = 2 ml. Therefore, 2 ml of Ketorolac is needed.Rate this question:
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- 30.
A patient is to be given ampicillin 750mg q6h IM. The vial reconstitued contains 1g ampicillin in 2ml of water. How many ml are needed?
- A.
1.75 ml
- B.
2 ml
- C.
1 ml
- D.
1.5 ml
Correct Answer
D. 1.5 mlExplanation
To calculate the amount of ampicillin needed, we can use the ratio of 1g ampicillin in 2ml of water. Since the patient needs 750mg, which is 0.75g, we can set up a proportion: 1g/2ml = 0.75g/x ml. Cross-multiplying, we get 1g*x ml = 0.75g*2ml. Simplifying, we find that x ml = (0.75g*2ml)/1g = 1.5 ml. Therefore, 1.5 ml of the reconstituted solution is needed.Rate this question:
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